scholarly journals Vascularized bone grafts for post-traumatic defects in the upper extremity

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Giovanna Petrella ◽  
Daniele Tosi ◽  
Filippo Pantaleoni ◽  
Roberto Adani
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Surgical Reconstruction ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Vascularized bone grafts (VBGs) are widely employed to reconstruct upper extremity bone defects. Conventional bone grafting is generally used to treat defects smaller than 5–6 cm, when tissue vascularization is adequate and there is no infection risk. Vascularized fibular grafts (VFGs) are mainly used in the humerus, radius or ulna in cases of persistent non-union where traditional bone grafting has failed or for bone defects larger than 6 cm. Furthermore, VFGs are considered to be the standard treatment for large bone defects located in the radius, ulna and humerus and enable the reconstruction of soft-tissue loss, as VFGs can be harvested as osteocutaneous flaps. VBGs enable one-stage surgical reconstruction and are highly infection-resistant because of their autonomous vascularization. A vascularized medial femoral condyle (VFMC) free flap can be used to treat small defects and non-unions in the upper extremity. Relative contraindications to these procedures are diabetes, immunosuppression, chronic infections, alcohol, tobacco, drug abuse and obesity. The aim of our study was to illustrate the use of VFGs to treat large post-traumatic bone defects and osteomyelitis located in the upper extremity. Moreover, the use of VFMC autografts is presented.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of vascularized and conventional bone grafting in achieving union in humeral pseudarthrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
I.O. Golubev ◽  
◽  
A.R. Sarukhanyan ◽  
M.M. Merkulov ◽  
O.M. Bushuev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Humeral Fractures ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Humeral Nonunion ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Introduction Humeral fractures comprise from 5 % to 8 % of all fractures. Nonunion rate of humeral fractures is 5.5–8.7% with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) technique and 3–5.6 % with the use of locked intramedullary nailing technique. Its frequent causes are infection, poor vascularity, severe comminution or technical errors. Purpose Analysis of effectiveness of vascularized bone grafting and non-vascularized bone grafting in humeral nonunion and defect treatment. Material and methods Surgical management of 69 patients with humeral nonunion was performed from 2010 to 2017 at a single institution in two groups. Vascularized bone grafts were used in 41 cases and non-vascularized ones in 28 cases. X-rays and CT-scans of all the patients were studied. Results In the vascularized bone grafting group, union was achieved in 36 cases (88 %) after four to 6 months; in non-vascularized bone group union was achieved in 20 cases (71 %) after eight to 12 months. Conclusion In post-traumatic humeral nonunion and bone defects, after two or more failed surgical procedures performed previously, vascularized bone grafting yields more satisfactory results and reduces the total healing time.

scholarly journals Effect of Systemic Zoledronic Acid Dosing Regimens on Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
Marwa Y. Shaheen ◽  
Amani M. Basudan ◽  
Abdurahman A. Niazy ◽  
Jeroen J. J. P. van den Beucken ◽  
John A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

The aim of this study was to evaluate the regeneration of bone defects created in the femoral condyle of osteoporotic rats, following intravenous (IV) zoledronate (ZA) treatment in three settings: pre-bone grafting (ZA-Pre), post-bone grafting (ZA-Post), and pre- plus post-bone grafting (ZA-Pre+Post). Twenty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX). After 12 weeks, bone defects were created in the left femoral condyle. All defects were grafted with a particulate inorganic cancellous bovine bone substitute. ZA (0.04 mg/kg, weekly) was administered to six rats 4 weeks pre-bone graft placement. To another six rats, ZA was given post-bone graft placement creation and continued for 6 weeks. Additional six rats received ZA treatment pre- and post-bone graft placement. Control animals received weekly saline intravenous injections. At 6 weeks post-bone graft placement, samples were retrieved for histological evaluation of the bone area percentage (BA%) and remaining bone graft percentage (RBG%). BA% for ZA-Pre (50.1 ± 3.5%) and ZA-Post (49.2 ± 8.2%) rats was significantly increased compared to that of the controls (35.4 ± 5.4%, p-value 0.031 and 0.043, respectively). In contrast, ZA-Pre+Post rats (40.7 ± 16.0%) showed similar BA% compared to saline controls (p = 0.663). For RBG%, all experimental groups showed similar results ranging from 36.3 to 47.1%. Our data indicate that pre- or post-surgical systemic IV administration of ZA improves the regeneration of bone defects grafted with inorganic cancellous bovine-bone particles in osteoporotic bone conditions. However, no favorable effect on bone repair was seen for continued pre- plus post-surgical ZA treatment.

Postoperative monitoring of free vascularized bone grafts in reconstruction of bone defects

Microsurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Pliefke ◽  
Grit Rademacher ◽  
Alexander Zach ◽  
Kai Bauwens ◽  
Axel Ekkernkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Postoperative Monitoring ◽  
Reconstruction Of Bone Defects ◽  
Vascularized Bone

scholarly journals Author Correction: Repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Rui Jiang ◽  
Hui-Ying Yang ◽  
Xin-Xin Zhang ◽  
Guo-Dong Lin ◽  
Yong-Chun Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Vascularized Bone

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Donor site morbidity of vascularized bone grafts from the medial femoral condyle for osseous revascularization

Microsurgery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Franziska Struckmann ◽  
Giuseppe Rusignuolo ◽  
Leila Harhaus ◽  
Ursula Trinler ◽  
Berthold Bickert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Medial Femoral Condyle ◽  
Vascularized Bone

A 22-year-old chronic scaphoid non-union treated with arthroscopic percutaneous scaphoid fixation – A case report and review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Syed Shumon ◽  
Moin Durrani ◽  
Karthikeyan P. Iyengar ◽  
William Y. C. Loh
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Scaphoid Fracture ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures ◽  
First Case ◽  
Vascularized Bone ◽  
Little Finger

Scaphoid fractures are the most common fractures of the carpal bone. Most heal with adequate conservative treatment, but reports of non-union after conservative treatment have been up to 50%. Symptomatic non-union of a scaphoid fracture remains a common disabling problem. It is known that the scaphoid non-union will inevitably progress to the scaphoid non-union advance collapse over time. Surgical management of chronic non-union of scaphoid fracture includes vascularized bone grafting or non-vascularized bone grafting with or without internal fixation. A 36-year-old male presented with a hyperextension injury to the left little finger. An X-ray showed left little finger distal interphalangeal joint dislocation and an incidental 22-year-old chronic non-union scaphoid fracture. To date, incidental discovery of non-union is at the rate of 0.14%. The patient underwent arthroscopic non-vascularized bone grafting with internal fixation after the natural course of the condition was explained to him. He made a good recovery with a complete union of his scaphoid and resolution of his wrist pain. Our case describes the first case of arthroscopic repair of a chronic non-union scaphoid fracture of 22-year duration and demonstrates union of scaphoid fracture and resolution of symptoms can be achieved with good surgical fixation even extremely prolonged chronic non-union.

Autogenous maxillofacial Bone Grafting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
venkatesh hange ◽  
shishir mohan devki
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Filling Defect ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Recipient Site ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Intraoral Bone Grafts

Bone grafting is one of the commonest practice in orthopaedics, surgical oncology & implant dentistry.bone grafts are used for non-union, mal-union, trauma/ fracture, filling defect due to bony cystor tumor ,reconstructive surgery , implant augumentation. extra oral bone grafts are gold standard . but intraoral bone grafts are now emerging alternatives as its close proximity to recipient site & comparatively less mortality & morbidity rates.this book will explore maxillofacial bone grafts science. this book is helpful to dental students, maxillofacial surgeons, implantologist, prsthodontist in learning science of bone grafting.

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