Urban environment that encourages going-out activities of elderly people in the suburban planned residential area

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Yu Matsumura ◽  
Rikutaro Manabe ◽  
Akito Murayama
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Fabrício Bruno Cardoso

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 033-047
Author(s):  
Oksana Chabanyuk ◽  
Miguel Fonseca

The study of urban development and regeneration of residential areas in the cities are mainly focused on the separate infrastructural systems and less how networks of infrastructural systems and their elements, as nodal places, interact with the existing living environment and its urban tissue. The central goal of the paper is to examine contemporary residential areas of low liveability with nodal places of logistics and services infrastructural networks, with an eye on existing urban policies and application of transdisciplinary concept of stigmergy in contemporary urban environment. Research objectives: (a) conceptualisation of stigmergic process in urban planning; (b) overview of socialist and post-socialist urban policies for residential areas; (c) stigmergic behaviour in the development of nodal places in residential areas. Methodology: Use of Earth Time Observation Systems for identification of urban changes of nodal places under the stigmergic behaviour in the case study residential area in post-socialist city in Ukraine; contextualization of the case study with the categories: Ideology, Institutional level, Politics, Economics, Mobile Infrastructures. Discussion and conclusion: (a) as concept, stigmergic behaviours are efficient, but work as a self-organization form; (b) urban policies should, under the stigmergic behaviours, contextualize changes, continue or prevent the process.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Fronczek-Wojciechowska ◽  
Karolina Kopacz ◽  
Gianluca Padula ◽  
Szymon Wiśniewski ◽  
Anna Wojnarowska

Population ageing and growing awareness of the need for physical activity is one of the most important topics in Europe nowadays. But it should be noted that there is still no interdisciplinary and integrated approach to urban environment planning concerning physical activity of elderly people which would take into account special needs and possibilities of this particular group. Elderly people represent one of the groups which are threatened with social exclusion for different reasons. This article presents a proposal for a method of constructing a spatial system consisting of natural and anthropogenic elements of urban environment which can be interpreted as Inclusive Urban Green Infrastructure, enabling active and healthy ways of recreation, including the needs of elderly persons. It is based on the existing elements of the environment, but to create a well-functioning system in urban space it is necessary to introduce additional elements, both natural and man-created. The method refers to the spatial definition of areas for active recreation which meet the adopted, specific for elderly people, pro-health and functional requirements. Creation of such a system in cities would contribute to inclusion of this group into social life, thus boosting social coherence and integration across generations, and would also bring beneficial health results. Such infrastructure would also be of considerable importance for sustainable urban growth and improvement of the quality of urban space. The paper is based on source materials from the fields of science investigating health in connection with physiology of the process of ageing, influence of physical activity on this process, impact of negative features of the environment on the health of elderly people as well as urban space planning and development. The proposed methodology of constructing Inclusive Urban Green Infrastructure is presented on the example of Łódź, using data from the Geographic Information System (Topographic Objects Database) and population database for cities.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
T.N. Nikitina ◽  
◽  
A.Y. Shakirova ◽  

Author(s):  
В. А. Ильичев ◽  
В. И. Колчунов ◽  
Н. В. Бакаева ◽  
А. А. Кормина

Постановка задачи. Новые вызовы современности существенным образом влияют на методологию градостроительства. Актуальной научной задачей, требующей выявления закономерностей функционирования городских элементов планировочных структур (жилых районов), следует считать разработку новых принципов жизнедеятельности города, регламентирующих биосферную совместимость городов и развитие человеческого капитала. Результаты. В работе получили развитие методологические основы градостроительного планирования, проектирования и оценки вариантов проектных решений жилых планировочных единиц города (квартала, микрорайона, жилого района) на принципах парадигмы биосферной совместимости городов и поселений, развивающих человека. Предложена концептуальная модель функционально-планировочной организации территории - иерархия функций города. Разработан алгоритм оценки вариантов проектов планировки жилых районов на основе индекса обеспеченности городскими функциями. Для каждой из функций города определен необходимый и достаточный состав индикаторов оценки проектных решений. Обсуждается перспектива количественной оценки социального благополучия населения жилых районов биосферосовместимого города как безальтернативного условия формирования комфортной городской среды. Вывод. Выполненная численная оценка проектного решения и сравнительный анализ уровня благоприятности жилого микрорайона с использованием принципов парадигмы биосферной совместимости показывают, какие изменения требуются в составе градостроительных решений не только для достижений качества материальной среды жизнедеятельности, но и для развития человека во всех отношениях. Statement of the problem. New challenges of our time significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The development of new principles of city life, regulating the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital, should be considered an urgent scientific task that requires identifying the patterns of functioning of urban elements of planning structures (residential areas). Results. The paper develops the methodological foundations of urban planning, design and evaluation of design options for residential planning units of the city (quarter, neighborhood, residential area) on the principles of the paradigm of biosphere compatibility of cities and man-made settlements.. A conceptual model of the functional and planning organization of the territory-the hierarchy of city functions is set forth. An algorithm for evaluating variants of residential area planning projects based on the index of urban function provision has been developed. For each of the functions of the city, the necessary and sufficient composition of indicators for evaluating design decisions is identified. The article discusses the prospect of quantifying the social well-being of the population of residential areas of a biosphere-compatible city as an alternative condition for the formation of a comfortable urban environment. Conclusion. The numerical evaluation of the design solution and a comparative analysis of the level of favorability of a residential neighborhood using the principles of the biosphere compatibility paradigm show what changes are required in the composition of urban planning solutions not only to achieve the quality of the material environment of life, but also for human development in all respects.


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