Relative abundance and potential dispersal range of intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum in pure and mixed forests

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1057-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gonthier ◽  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
Giovanna Cristina Varese ◽  
Giovanni Nicolotti
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Forest Pathogen ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Intersterility Groups

In Europe the forest pathogen Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. includes the S, P, and F intersterility groups (ISGs), each displaying a preferential specialization on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), pine, and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), respectively. In this paper, we present data about (i) H. annosum ISGs frequency in different forest types, (ii) the degree of host specificity of each ISG, (iii) the significance of the potential movement of airborne spores among forests, and (iv) the occurrence of S–P chimeras in the northwestern Alps. Using woody spore traps, we sampled natural pure spruce and fir forests and a mixed spruce-fir forest. The ISG of 582 spores was determined by ISG-diagnostic taxon-specific competitive priming (TSCP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with PCR-mediated detection of ISG-specific introns in the ML5–ML6 DNA region of the mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA (mt LrRNA). All three ISGs were found, and a strong correlation was observed between the F ISG and fir and the S ISG and spruce. In the mixed forest, no clear relationship between tree host species and host-specialized ISGs was found. In spite of a relative dominance of fir in the overstory of the mixed stand, the fir-associated F ISG represented only 11% of the total number of spores collected. This discrepancy was explained by the recent establishment of firs at this site. No S–P nuclear-mitochondrial chimeras were found. This suggests limited gene flow between these ISGs.Key words: Heterobasidion annosum, host specificity, ISGs, gene flow, PCR, Alps.

scholarly journals The European S and F intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum may represent sympatric protospecies

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
William J Otrosina ◽  
Fields W Cobb ◽  
Thomas D Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Intersterility Groups

In those regions of Europe where they coexist, the F and S intersterility groups (ISGs) of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. are primarily found on Abies spp. and Picea abies (L.) Karst., respectively. Eighty-three isolates of H. annosum were collected from Abies alba Mill. from 19 sites in Italy, including 10 Abies-Picea mixed conifer stands in the eastern Alps. The ISGs of a subsample of 34 isolates were determined by ISG-diagnostic arbitrary-primed (AP) PCR primers. For a subsample of 16 isolates, including two S isolates from Norway and one S isolate from California, nuclear markers generated by AP-PCR analysis, and mitochondrial markers generated by restriction fragment length polymorphisms and sequencing of the ML5-ML6 region of the mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA gene indicated that, in Europe, (i) the F and S ISGs can be found in the same forest stand but they are two genetically distinct units with restricted gene flow between them; (ii) each of the two ISGs is monophyletic and may lack strong genetic substructuring in subpopulations; and (iii) the two ISGs are closely related to each other and their nearest common close relative is the allopatric S ISG from North America. By combining these results with paleobotanical information and results from previous studies, we postulate a recent sympatric divergence of these two groups driven by differential host specificity and mating barriers.Key words: species complex, protospecies, sympatric, mating barriers, host specificity.

scholarly journals Biotic factors damaging forest stands in Gornata Koria and Chuprene Reserves in Western Balkan Range, Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Margarita Georgieva ◽  
Georgi Georgiev ◽  
Plamen Mirchev ◽  
Gergana Zaemdzhikova ◽  
Danail Doychev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Fomitopsis Pinicola ◽  
Longhorn Beetles

AbstractAssessment and monitoring of health status in deteriorated forest stands in Gornata Koria and Chuprene Reserves in Western Balkan Range (Bulgaria) were conducted in 2017. An integrated approach (based on remote sensing technologies and terrestrial validation) was applied. A series of subsequent terrain observations were carried out in both protected areas mainly in dead or in poor health status stands. As a result, sixteen insect species were identified in Gornata Koria and nine pests in Chuprene Reserves. The predominant number of pests included bark beetles and weevils (Curculionidae), longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), etc. Attacks caused by the European bark beetle (Ips typographus) formed the main disturbance in the Norway spruce forests in both reserves. Ten parasitic and ten saprophytic fungi were identified in the stands of the Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Among the parasitic fungi, six species were identified as destructive (Armillaria sp., Heterobasidion annosum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Ramaria flava and Pholiota squarrosa).

scholarly journals Preliminary report on distribution of Heterobasidion annosum intersterility groups in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Łakomy ◽  
Tadeusz Kowalski ◽  
Antoni Werner
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Intersterility Groups

The study material consists of 165 <i>H. annosum</i> isolates from 25 different localities. Host species was <i>Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula, Abies alba, Lnrix decidua, Pinus strobus, Prunus serotina, Quercus rubra</i>. Most of the <i>H. annosum</i> isolates belonged to the P group. This group was most common on pine and birch. The S group infected Norway spruce and European fir. The F group was recorded only in the south of Poland. Only three localities, where this intersterility group was present, were found in Poland.

scholarly journals Spatial pattern of Norway spruce and silver fir natural regeneration in uneven-aged mixed forests of northeastern Bohemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Hofmeister ◽  
M. Svoboda ◽  
J. Souček ◽  
S. Vacek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Stable Growth

Two permanent sample plots (both 0.25 ha) were established in a mixed forest in the Orlické hory Mts. Protected Landscape Area (northeastern Bohemia) to analyze the natural regeneration of Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.) and silver fir (<I>Abies alba</I> Mill.). All the seedlings (height 0.1–0.5 m), saplings (height 0.5 m, <I>d</I><sub>1.3</sub> 3 cm) and trees (<I>d</I><sub>1.3</sub> > 3 cm) were localized and measured. The analysis of the spatial pattern and statistical evaluation were carried out by means of Ripley’s <I>K</I>-function. All the growth stages of the spruce and the fir showed an aggregated (clump) pattern, whereas the regeneration of fir was positively correlated with mature spruces and the regeneration of spruce was in a positive relation with mature firs. The results indicate that for germination and stable growth in the first stages of development, the fir can find more favourable conditions under the crowns of spruce trees and the spruce under mature firs.

Effective gene flow in a historically fragmented area at the southern edge of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) distribution

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Leonarduzzi ◽  
Andrea Piotti ◽  
Ilaria Spanu ◽  
Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir
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