Dynamics of the silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) natural regeneration in a mixed forest in the Central Apennine

2014 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Santopuoli ◽  
B. Lasserre ◽  
P. Di Martino ◽  
M. Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir

scholarly journals Spatial pattern of Norway spruce and silver fir natural regeneration in uneven-aged mixed forests of northeastern Bohemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Hofmeister ◽  
M. Svoboda ◽  
J. Souček ◽  
S. Vacek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Stable Growth

Two permanent sample plots (both 0.25 ha) were established in a mixed forest in the Orlické hory Mts. Protected Landscape Area (northeastern Bohemia) to analyze the natural regeneration of Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.) and silver fir (<I>Abies alba</I> Mill.). All the seedlings (height 0.1–0.5 m), saplings (height 0.5 m, <I>d</I><sub>1.3</sub> 3 cm) and trees (<I>d</I><sub>1.3</sub> > 3 cm) were localized and measured. The analysis of the spatial pattern and statistical evaluation were carried out by means of Ripley’s <I>K</I>-function. All the growth stages of the spruce and the fir showed an aggregated (clump) pattern, whereas the regeneration of fir was positively correlated with mature spruces and the regeneration of spruce was in a positive relation with mature firs. The results indicate that for germination and stable growth in the first stages of development, the fir can find more favourable conditions under the crowns of spruce trees and the spruce under mature firs.

Relative abundance and potential dispersal range of intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum in pure and mixed forests

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1057-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Gonthier ◽  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
Giovanna Cristina Varese ◽  
Giovanni Nicolotti
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Forest Pathogen ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Intersterility Groups

In Europe the forest pathogen Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. includes the S, P, and F intersterility groups (ISGs), each displaying a preferential specialization on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), pine, and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.), respectively. In this paper, we present data about (i) H. annosum ISGs frequency in different forest types, (ii) the degree of host specificity of each ISG, (iii) the significance of the potential movement of airborne spores among forests, and (iv) the occurrence of S–P chimeras in the northwestern Alps. Using woody spore traps, we sampled natural pure spruce and fir forests and a mixed spruce-fir forest. The ISG of 582 spores was determined by ISG-diagnostic taxon-specific competitive priming (TSCP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with PCR-mediated detection of ISG-specific introns in the ML5–ML6 DNA region of the mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA (mt LrRNA). All three ISGs were found, and a strong correlation was observed between the F ISG and fir and the S ISG and spruce. In the mixed forest, no clear relationship between tree host species and host-specialized ISGs was found. In spite of a relative dominance of fir in the overstory of the mixed stand, the fir-associated F ISG represented only 11% of the total number of spores collected. This discrepancy was explained by the recent establishment of firs at this site. No S–P nuclear-mitochondrial chimeras were found. This suggests limited gene flow between these ISGs.Key words: Heterobasidion annosum, host specificity, ISGs, gene flow, PCR, Alps.

scholarly journals Long-term transformation of submontane spruce-beech forests in the Jizerské hory Mts.: dynamics of natural regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Slanař ◽  
Zdeněk Vacek ◽  
Stanislav Vacek ◽  
Daniel Bulušek ◽  
Jan Cukor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Forest Transformation ◽  
Tree Layer

AbstractThe paper deals with development of the natural regeneration of even-aged spruce-beech forests during their transformation to uneven-aged stands with diversified structure at the Jedlový důl area in the Protected Landscape Area Jizerské hory Mts., Czech Republic. Shelterwood management system and free felling policy based on selection principles has been applied there since 1979 with the support of admixed tree species of the natural species composition, especially silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). The research was focuses on structure and development of natural regeneration with the emphasis on ungulate damage and interaction with tree layer from 1979 to 2015. In the course of 36 years, the regeneration structure was diversified towards the close-to-nature tree species composition, spatial and age structure. The number of regeneration recruits increased in average from 941 to 41,669 ind ha-1. During this period share of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) significantly (p < 0.01) increased (by 53.6%), while the share of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) decreased (by 51.5%), such as damage caused by ungulate (by 61.4%) with the highest loses on sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and silver fir. Moreover, the parent trees had a significant negative influence on natural regeneration at smaller spacing (within a 1 - 5 m radius from the stem). Both, regeneration potential and effective role of the tree layer during the forest transformation has been confirmed as important prerequisites for ongoing forest transformation.

scholarly journals Effect of gap size on tree species diversity of natural regeneration – case study from Masaryk Training Forest Enterprise Křtiny

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 407-419
Author(s):  
Maame Esi Hammond ◽  
Radek Pokorny ◽  
Lumír Dobrovolný ◽  
Michal Friedl ◽  
Nina Hiitola
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Essential Property ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
Forest Gaps ◽  
Significant Difference

Forest gaps remain the optimal forest management practice in modern forestry. Upon all the physical properties of forest gaps, the ‘gap size’ feature stands out as an essential property. The effect of gap size on tree species composition and diversity of natural regeneration in forest gaps of different sizes was investigated. Eight research forest gaps were selected from the Training Forest School Enterprise, also called Masaryk Forest in Křtiny, a temperate mixed forest in the Czech Republic. By given gap sizes, small (&lt; 700 m<sup>2</sup>) and large gaps (≥ 700 m<sup>2</sup>) were defined. Forty-one (41) regeneration microsites (RSs) of 1 m<sup>2</sup> circular area at 2 m intervals were demarcated within each forest gap. These RSs served as data collection points. From the total of eleven (11) species enumerated, large gaps obtained higher species composition (10) and diversity (Simpson = 0.5 1-D; Shannon = 1.0 H and Pielou’s evenness = 0.5 J indices) records, yet, small gaps presented favourable conditions for prolific natural regeneration significantly. Light-adapted species demonstrated no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) between small and large gaps, however, intermediate and shade-tolerant species were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in small gaps. There were progressive declines in height growth of natural regeneration from 0–20 cm to 21–50 cm and 51+ cm in small and large gaps at R<sup>2 </sup>= 99% and 88%, respectively. <br /> The development of herbaceous vegetation in small and large gaps had positive and negative effects on the natural regeneration of Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba species, respectively.

Dynamics of Norway spruce and silver fir natural regeneration in a mixed stand under uneven-aged management

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Grassi ◽  
Gianfranco Minotta ◽  
Giustino Tonon ◽  
Umberto Bagnaresi
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Spatial Continuity

In a 0.75-ha plot in a Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) – silver fir (Abies alba Miller) stand in Comelico (Italian eastern Alps), we analysed (i) the distribution and growth of natural regeneration of Norway spruce and silver fir as affected by stand structure and (ii) the age structure of all saplings between 0.2 and 10 m in height in a 30-year-old gap. In both species, most natural regeneration was clumped and located at the margin of the gaps; however, fir saplings were more represented in understorey environments and less represented in gaps as compared with spruce. Age structure of natural regeneration in the selected gap revealed that the majority (75%) of saplings appeared after the formation of the gap; however, for regeneration taller than 2 m (which has a better chance of reaching the uppermost canopy layer), saplings already present at gap formation predominated. We conclude that (i) gap edges represent a preferential regeneration niche in this forest and (ii) saplings established before gap formation can play an important role in gap refilling. These results provide useful information to ensure, through silvicultural practices, favourable conditions for the temporal and spatial continuity of the regeneration process.

scholarly journals Growth and development of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) regeneration and restoration of the species in the Karkonosze Mountains

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dobrowolska
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
R:Fr Ratio ◽  
Optimal Site

The main task of the study was to investigate the growth conditions of silver fir natural regeneration in the Karkonosze Mts. (Poland). The paper examines the quantity and quality of light reaching the forest floor in stands of different canopies. The aim of the study was also to define the optimal site conditions for silver fir planting under stand canopy. Data on the natural regeneration and stand structure of each investigated stand were collected on circular plots in a grid of 15 × 15 m in 1999 and 2000. Biometric measurements of fir plants planted under various stand canopies were done three times (May 1999, autumn 2000 and 2001). It was found that the fir was not a dominant tree in all size classes from seedlings to saplings. Seedlings (both phases) of spruce, beech, sycamore and rowan occurred in all studied stands. The optimal conditions for fir development were found under larch canopy. That was demonstrated by the highest increment of height, diameter and offshoots. The worst conditions for fir growth were under beech and spruce canopy, which was indicated by the lowest diameter and height. The highest PAR was recorded under pine canopy, whereas the lowest one under beech canopy. Beech stand induced a lower R:FR ratio than the other tree species both on sunny and cloudy days. The highest R:FR ratio was found under the canopy of larch and pine stands.

scholarly journals Stand dynamics and natural regeneration in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) plantations after traditional rotation age

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Bottalico ◽  
D Travaglini ◽  
S Fiorentini ◽  
C Lisa ◽  
S Nocentini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Stand Dynamics ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Rotation Age

scholarly journals Growth of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) on originally agricultural land in the region of the White Carpathians

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Simon ◽  
Zdeněk Adamec
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Stand Height ◽  
White Carpathians

At the Ploščiny-Triangl locality belonging to the northernmost part of the CHKO Bílé Karpaty (Protected Landscape Area White Carpathians), altitude 739 m, typological unit – Nutrient Rich Fir-Beech Forest, comparative analysis was carried out of selected biometrical quantities of the time series of stands originated on former agricultural land and stands originated by the alternation of forest generations. On the basis of examinations it is possible to formulate following conclusions: - the height increment culmination occurs at stands originated on former agricultural land earlier, viz. at an age of about 20 years;- on the other hand, the culmination of volume increment related to a mean stem occurs later, at current increment at an age of 80 years, at a mean increment at an age of 140 years;- the growth curve of a mean stand height of both variants is analogical up to an age of about 20–25 years, further values of stands established on former agricultural land are lower approaching an asymptote of 30 m;- stands of both variants do not show symptoms of rot or other damage to the reference period of about 150 years.As for the current condition of natural regeneration of silver fir and succession distribution on unused agricultural land it is possible to state that it is considerably reduced on the basis of intensive pressure of particularly red deer.

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