The distribution of nine Avena species in Spain and Morocco

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Leggett ◽  
G. Ladizinsky ◽  
P. Hagberg ◽  
M. Obanni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cultivar Improvement

Wild taxa of crop plants have been valuable sources of genes for cultivar improvement in several species. Genes for yield, resistance to pests and diseases, protein quality and quantity, maturity and other characteristics have been transferred from wild species of Avena to the cultivated oat crop (A. sativa L.). In an attempt to preserve some of the genetic variability in the wild species and taxa of Avena, two collecting missions were organised in 1985 and 1988. During the 1985 expedition 49 accessions were collected on mainland Spain and the Canary Islands, and 74 accessions were collected in Morocco. In 1988, a further 64 accessions were collected in Morocco. These accessions included representatives from 10 of the 14 known biological species of Avena and 16 of the 30 generally accepted taxonomic entities. These collections have increased the size of the available gene pool and extended the known geographical distribution of some of the species. Key words: Avena, distribution, germ plasm, genetic resources.

scholarly journals Characterization for plant height and flowering date in the biological species oat

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1393-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Rodrigues Matiello ◽  
Maria Jane Cruz Mello Sereno ◽  
José Fernandes Barbosa Neto ◽  
Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
Wild Group ◽  
Oat Breeding

The use of wild oat races in artificial hybridization with cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.) has been used as a way of increasing the variability. This work aimed to identify the variability for plant height and flowering date of groups of cultivated oat genotypes, wild introductions of A. fatua L. and segregating populations of natural crosses between A. sativa and A. fatua. Wide genetic variability was observed for both traits in the groups and between them. The wild group of A. fatua L. showed high plants with early maturity, but in the segregating group there was reduced plant height and early maturity. The wild introductions of A. fatua L. studied in this work can be used in oat breeding programs to increase genetic variability by transferring specific characters into the cultivated germ plasm.

scholarly journals Productivity and Yield Quality of Intersubspecies Crossing of Japonica-Indica

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Sobrizal Sobrizal ◽  
Carkum Carkum ◽  
Wijaya M. Indriatama ◽  
Aryanti Aryanti ◽  
Ita Dwimahyani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Yield Quality

<p>In the middle of 1980s, rice self-sufficiency in Indonesia has been achieved, but the growth of rice production slowed down since the 1990s. Narrow genetic variability of released rice varieties contributed largely to the occurrence of leveling of potential rice yield over the past decades. To enlarge the genetic variability, an intersubspecies crossing of Koshihikari (japonica) and IR36 (indica) has been performed. Through this crossing, three high yielding and high yield quality promising lines of KI 37, KI 238, and KI 730 have been obtained. The objective of this study was to evaluate the superiorities of these lines through multi-location yield trials, pests, diseases, and grain qualities examinations. Examination methods used followed the release food crops variety procedure issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. The result of examinations showed that the average yield of KI 730 was 7.47 t/ha, it was significantly higher than that of Ciherang (6,73 t/ha). KI 730 has a good grain quality, with translucent milled rice, a high percentage of milled rice (78.0%) and head rice (91.01%). The texture of its cooking rice was soft, sticky, with the amylose content of 20.41%. In addition, pests and diseases resistances of KI 730 were better than those of other lines tested. After evaluation by National Food Crops Release Variety Team, the KI 730 line was released as a national superior variety with the name of Tropiko. Tropiko should become an alternative variety to grow widely in order to increase national rice production and farmers income.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of clonality on the genetic variability of rare, insular species: the case ofRuta microcarpafrom the Canary Islands

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Meloni ◽  
A. Reid ◽  
J. Caujapé-Castells ◽  
Á. Marrero ◽  
J. M. Fernández-Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Canary Islands

Wild species of Oryza: a rich reservoir of genetic variability for rice improvement

2008 ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Brar ◽  
J. M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Rice Improvement

scholarly journals Assessing the Species in the CARES Preservation Program and the Role of Aquarium Hobbyists in Freshwater Fish Conservation

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Jose W. Valdez ◽  
Kapil Mandrekar
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Red List ◽  
Priority List ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Conservation Organizations

Freshwater fish represent half of all fish species and are the most threatened vertebrate group. Given their considerable passion and knowledge, aquarium hobbyists can play a vital role in their conservation. CARES is made up of many organizations, whose purpose is to encourage aquarium hobbyists to devote tank space to the most endangered and overlooked freshwater fish to ensure their survival. We found the CARES priority list contains nearly six hundred species from twenty families and two dozen extinct-in-the-wild species. The major families were typically those with the largest hobbyist affiliations such as killifish, livebearers, and cichlids, the latter containing half of CARES species. CARES included every IUCN threatened species of Pseudomugilidae and Valenciidae, but only one percent of threatened Characidae, Cobitidae, and Gobiidae species. No Loricariidae in CARES were in the IUCN red list as they have not been scientifically described. Tanzania and Mexico contained the largest amount of species, with the latter containing the most endemics. Many species were classified differently than the IUCN, including a third of extinct-in-the-wild species classified as least concern by the IUCN. This vast disconnect exemplifies the importance of future collaboration and information exchange required between hobbyists, the scientific community, and conservation organizations.

Wading Into the Gene Pool: Progress and Constraints Using Wild Species

Crop Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Greene ◽  
Marilyn L. Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Gene Pool

Significant increase of oleic acid level in the wild species Lepidium campestre through direct gene silencing

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2055-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelie Ivarson ◽  
Annelie Ahlman ◽  
Ida Lager ◽  
Li-Hua Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Direct Gene ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Lepidium Campestre

Linkage and quantitative trait locus mapping of foliage late blight resistance in the wild species Solanum vernei

2006 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Sorensen ◽  
M. H. Madsen ◽  
H. G. Kirk ◽  
D. K. Madsen ◽  
A. M. Torp
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Solanum Vernei ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping

The high fruit soluble sugar content in wild Lycopersicon species and their hybrids with cultivars depends on sucrose import during ripening rather than on sucrose metabolism

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. Balibrea ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Andújar ◽  
Jesús Cuartero ◽  
María C. Bolarín ◽  
Francisco Pérez-Alfocea
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sucrose Metabolism ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Metabolic Parameter ◽  
Wild Relative ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
In The Wild

Soluble sugar content has been studied in relation to sucrose metabolism in the hexose-accumulating cultivated tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, the wild relative species Lycopersicon cheesmanii Riley, in the sucrose-accumulating wild relative species Lycopersicon chmielewskii Rick, Kesicky, Fobes & Holle. and in two hexose-accumulating interspecific F1 hybrids (L. esculentum × L. cheesmanii; L. esculentum × L. chmielewskii), cultivated under two irrigation regimes (control: EC = 2.1 and saline: EC = 8.4 dS m–1). Under control conditions the total soluble sugar content (as hexose equivalents) in the ripe fruits of L. cheesmanii was 3-fold higher than in L. esculentum, while L. chmielewskii and both F1 hybrids contained twice as much as the cultivar. With the exception of L. esculentum × L. cheesmanii, salinity increased the sugar content by 1.3 (wild species) and 1.7 times (cultivar and L. esculentum × L. chmielewskii) with respect to control fruits. Wild germplasm or salinity provided two different mechanisms for the increases in fruit sugar content. The hexoses accumulated in ripe fruits were strongly influenced by those accumulated at the start of ripening, but the hydrolysed starch before start of ripening only partially explained the final hexose levels and especially the increase under salinity. The early cell wall acid invertase and the late neutral invertase activities appeared to be related to the amount of hexoses accumulated in ripe fruits. However, no metabolic parameter was positively related to the amount of sugar accumulated (including sucrose). The major differences between genotypes appeared in ripe fruits, in which up to 50% of the total amount of sugars accumulated in the wild species (mainly in L. cheesmanii) and hybrids cannot be explained by the sugars accumulated and the starch hydrolysed before the start of ripening stage. As a consequence, the higher fruit quality of the wild species compared with L. esculentum may depend more on the continuation of sucrose import during ripening than on osmotic or metabolic particularities such as the hexose / sucrose-accumulator character or specific enzyme activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document