Bacteriological Studies of Freshwater Fish: II. Furunculosis in Ontario Fish in Natural Waters

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rabb ◽  
L. A. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Cottus Bairdi ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The One

During a period of 29 months, 1044 fish were taken from different sections of 10 streams in southern Ontario and examined for the presence of Aeromonas salmonicida, the bacterium causing furunculosis in fish. Most of the fish examined were brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and carriers of furunculosis were, with one exception, found only in this species of fish. The one exception was a sculpin (Cottus bairdi). Most of the brook trout found to be carriers were taken from the same section of the Beaver River. As yet, no explanation can be given of the high incidence of furunculosis carriers in these waters, nor is their importance known.

Experimental Plantings of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from Furunculosis-Infected Stock

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2643-2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. McDermott ◽  
A. H. Berst
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Trout Population ◽  
Hatchery Stock ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
Made In

Preliminary sampling revealed the presence of furunculosis disease in the resident brook trout population of the southern Ontario trout stream used in this study.Two plantings of marked yearling brook trout were made in the study area in 1966; one in the spring, and the other in the fall. The spring planting consisted of 1000 brook trout with a predetermined incidence of furunculosis infection and an equal number of trout with no evidence of infection. The fall planting consisted of 2000 brook trout with a known incidence of furunculosis infection.The stream was electrofished periodically during the 2-year period after the first planting. A total of 445 brook trout (140 of the planted hatchery stock, and 305 resident trout) and 127 fish of associated species were captured and examined for the presence of Aeromonas salmonicida, causative agent of furunculosis.Recovery rates of the "infected" and "noninfected" stocks of brook trout were similar, and there was no evidence of transmission of A. salmonicida from the infected fish to the control fish, nor the resident population of brook trout and other species of fish captured.

Aeromonas salmonicida: Relationship between Extracellular Growth Products and Isolate Virulence

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1322-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco C. Cipriano ◽  
Billy R. Griffin ◽  
Burton C. Lidgerding
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Culture Supernatants ◽  
Crude Material

Extracellular growth products, extracted from culture supernatants of Aeromonas salmonicida by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and ethanol, were resolved into four fractions by ion-exchange chromatography. Although one of these (fraction II) possessed leukocytolytic activity, virulence of the pathogen was not associated with leukocytotoxicity. A positive correlation was established, however, between virulence and the toxicity of extracted material to cultured rainbow trout gonad (RTG-2) cells. The crude material and fractions II and III from virulent isolates were more toxic to RTG-2 cells than were similar preparations from avirulent isolates. Preparations from virulent isolates caused hemorrhaging, lesion development, and mortality when injected intramuscularly into brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar). Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were more resistant and lesions could be produced only with fraction II. Fraction II also possessed proteolytic activity.Key words: Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis, pathogenicity, salmonids, extracellular products, cytotoxicity, leukocytolysis, proteolysis, fishes

Adjuvant-Dependent Immunity and the Agglutinin Response of Fishes Against Aeromonas salmonicida, Cause of Furunculosis

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1290-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco C. Cipriano ◽  
Stephen W. Pyle
Keyword(s):  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Extracellular Product ◽  
Experimental Challenge

Adjuvant-dependent immunity resulted in agglutinin activity against Aeromonas salmonicida in sera of convalescent fishes. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), brown trout (Salmo salar), and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) that had recovered from natural furunculosis produced serum agglutinin antibodies predominately against a specific chromatographic fraction (EcF1) of the bacterium's extracellular product. EcF1 was resolved by ion-exchange chromatography from DEAE SephadexA-25. When EcF1 was emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant and injected intraperitoneally, brook trout were protected against experimental challenge; brook trout vaccinated with EcF1 only were not protected against furunculosis. EcF1, examined by immunodiffusion tests, SDS – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and Western blot immunoassays, shared certain properties with bacterial endotoxin. EcF1 and endotoxin preparations both contained immunoreactive lipopolysaccharides which indicated that adjuvant-dependent immunity to A. salmonicida is related to endotoxin.

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus Occurrence at a Hatchery in Alberta

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Pancreatic Necrosis ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis ◽  
Pancreatic Necrosis Virus

The presence of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus in brook (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow (Salmo gairdneri) trout was identified and further investigated. A high incidence of virus was found by virological examination of kidney tissue from yearling and older trout. By comparison, brook trout had a much higher incidence of virus than rainbow trout.The virus was isolated most frequently from the kidneys of both species of trout. These findings indicate that the examinations of peritoneal washes and feces is not adequate for the detection of IPN carrier fish.

Cadmium and copper contents in a freshwater fish species (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis) from the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands

Polar Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jaffal ◽  
S. Paris-Palacios ◽  
S. Jolly ◽  
A. F. Thailly ◽  
L. Delahaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Kerguelen Islands ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species

Modulation of juvenile brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) cellular immune system after Aeromonas salmonicida challenge

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dautremepuits ◽  
M. Fortier ◽  
S. Croisetiere ◽  
P. Belhumeur ◽  
M. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Cellular Immune System ◽  
Cellular Immune

In situ survival and growth of three brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) strains subjected to acid conditions of anthropogenic origin at the egg and fingerling stages

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1562-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Lachance ◽  
Pierre Bérubé ◽  
Michel Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Origin ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Acid Environment ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Tolerance to naturally acidic conditions of a Côte-Nord brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) strain (Arseneault strain, presumed acid tolerant) does not appear completely genetically mediated, since this tolerance was not evident when the fish were subject to acid conditions of anthropogenic origin. Three wild brook trout strains, at the egg and fingerling stages, were exposed in the field to waters acidified by atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic origin as well as to natural waters typical of the region. Although egg mortality was significantly higher in acid (61.0-85.6%) than in reference (6.3-20.8%) conditions, no differences between strains were noted. Residual density 1 year after stocking with fingerlings was significantly higher (by 56%) in the reference lake than in the acid lake, but differences between strains did not follow any clear tendency. While overall growth was greater in the acid environment, weight yield was lower except for the Arseneault strain. Variations pertaining to gonadosomatic index and percent mature individuals in both males and females seemed linked more to differences in growth than to chemical conditions. Developing a permanent reintroduction program with the Arseneault strain to counter losses of brook trout populations due to acid precipitation in Québec does not appear justified at this time.

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