In situ survival and growth of three brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) strains subjected to acid conditions of anthropogenic origin at the egg and fingerling stages

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1562-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Lachance ◽  
Pierre Bérubé ◽  
Michel Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Origin ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Acid Environment ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Tolerance to naturally acidic conditions of a Côte-Nord brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) strain (Arseneault strain, presumed acid tolerant) does not appear completely genetically mediated, since this tolerance was not evident when the fish were subject to acid conditions of anthropogenic origin. Three wild brook trout strains, at the egg and fingerling stages, were exposed in the field to waters acidified by atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic origin as well as to natural waters typical of the region. Although egg mortality was significantly higher in acid (61.0-85.6%) than in reference (6.3-20.8%) conditions, no differences between strains were noted. Residual density 1 year after stocking with fingerlings was significantly higher (by 56%) in the reference lake than in the acid lake, but differences between strains did not follow any clear tendency. While overall growth was greater in the acid environment, weight yield was lower except for the Arseneault strain. Variations pertaining to gonadosomatic index and percent mature individuals in both males and females seemed linked more to differences in growth than to chemical conditions. Developing a permanent reintroduction program with the Arseneault strain to counter losses of brook trout populations due to acid precipitation in Québec does not appear justified at this time.

Electroretinographic Determination of Spectral Sensitivity in Albino and Pigmented Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill)

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1030-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kobayashi ◽  
M. A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
The Difference

A technique for recording electroretinograms from the unpunctured eyes in situ of living, anesthetized fish is described. This technique permits the use of the same fish in a number of experiments over a period of weeks, months, or years. Using this technique the spectral sensitivity of dark-adapted (scotopic) and light-adapted (photopic) fish was measured at 13 bands of the visible spectrum. The scotopic curves of albino and pigmented trout thus obtained in the winter have their maxima around 525 nm which differ from that of the absorption spectrum of the scotopic pigment in situ and in vitro of older fish obtained in the summer. The photopic curve of the pigmented fish is a broad one with humps around 425 nm, 545 nm, and 595 nm. The albino's curve has a relatively narrow band with a peak around 630 nm and a shoulder at about 550 nm. The difference between the shapes of the two curves may be ascribed to the increase in the intensity of light of longer wavelengths within the eyeball of the albino, due to reflection from blood vessels and sclera caused by the absence of pigmentation.

In situ Bioassays of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Blacknose Dace (Rhinichthys atratulus) in Adirondack Streams Affected by Episodic Acidification

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard A. Simonin ◽  
Walter A. Kretser ◽  
Dale W. Bath ◽  
Mark Olson ◽  
James Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
Rhinichthys Atratulus ◽  
Blacknose Dace ◽  
In Situ Bioassays ◽  
Precipitation Events

In situ bioassays were conducted using native Adirondack brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus) in four headwater streams. Conductivity, pH, temperature, and stage height were monitored continuously, and water samples for laboratory analysis were collected during hydrologic episodes. Fish survived well during baseflow conditions, but during periods of spring snowmelt or large precipitation events, survival was poor. Blacknose dace were more sensitive than brook trout, and mortality was best correlated with the log of median inorganic monomeric aluminum (Alim) concentration. Brook trout mortality was best correlated with a two-variable model that included dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and a concentration–duration variable (median Alim during the episode times the duration of the episode). Brook trout mortality was inversely correlated with DOC. Bioassay fish that had been in the streams 15–24 d survived episodes better than fish that had either not become acclimatized or recovered from handling. Duration of exposure to acidic episodes was critical. Extended periods of poor water quality resulted in fish mortality and may be more important to native populations than short acidic episodes.

Bacteriological Studies of Freshwater Fish: II. Furunculosis in Ontario Fish in Natural Waters

1962 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rabb ◽  
L. A. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Cottus Bairdi ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The One

During a period of 29 months, 1044 fish were taken from different sections of 10 streams in southern Ontario and examined for the presence of Aeromonas salmonicida, the bacterium causing furunculosis in fish. Most of the fish examined were brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and carriers of furunculosis were, with one exception, found only in this species of fish. The one exception was a sculpin (Cottus bairdi). Most of the brook trout found to be carriers were taken from the same section of the Beaver River. As yet, no explanation can be given of the high incidence of furunculosis carriers in these waters, nor is their importance known.

Aluminum and Acid Toxicity to Two Strains of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1641-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
C G. Ingersoll ◽  
D. D. Gulley ◽  
D. R. Mount ◽  
M. E. Mueller ◽  
J. D. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Fish Weight ◽  
Gill Histology ◽  
Acid Toxicity

Two strains of 1 yr-old brook trout were exposed to 14 combinations of pH, aluminum, and calcium during a 28-d experiment. Survival, weight, and gill histology of both strains were affected similarly by pH, aluminum, and calcium exposure. Survival was reduced at inorganic monomeric aluminum concentrations (IA1) of 29 μg/L at pH 5.2 and [Formula: see text] at pH 4.4 and 4.8. Fish weight was reduced with exposure to pH below 4.8 or aluminum concentrations [Formula: see text]. The gills sampled from fish exposed to low pH exhibited lifting of the outer epithelium and hypertrophy (increase in size) of chloride and epithelial cells. The response of gills sampled from fish exposed to low pH and elevated aluminum was more pronounced relative to the low pH exposure alone. In addition to the effects observed in the low pH exposed fish, the gills from fish exposed to both acid and aluminum exhibited vacuolation and degeneration of epithelial and chloride cells and the presence of dense cells. Finally, fish confined in PVC tubes designed to mimic in situ field exposure procedures were more sensitive to the toxic effects of acid and aluminum compared to free-swimming fish. Caution must be taken when extrapolating safe field levels from in situ exposures of caged fish.

scholarly journals Distribution of non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) across Norwegian waterbodies – is it an invasive species?

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Hesthagen ◽  
Geir H. Bolstad ◽  
Einar Kleiven
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Inland Rivers ◽  
Similar Development

Non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis MITCHILL, 1815) was introduced into Norway in 1883. However, it was not until the late 1970s that this acid-tolerant salmonid species was stocked into many acidified lakes that many populations became established. In 2004, all brook trout stocking in Norway ceased. In this study, we surveyed the distribution of brook trout in Norwegian water bodies. A totally of 202 self-sustaining populations were identified, mostly in unregulated lakes (n=101), streams (n=71) and also to some extent in reservoirs (n=25). Only four populations were found in inland rivers, and one population in a river with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Localities with brook trout covered a wide range of altitudes and sizes. Analyses of time-series catches in sympatric populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and brook trout from 12 lakes (1997-2012) revealed a strong decline in brook trout stocks. A similar development in abundance has also emerged from other studies in recent years. Generally, lake-dwelling brook trout is regarded as a low-risk species with respect to invasiveness. However, brook trout/brown trout interactions may be habitat-specific, as brook trout may dominate in small and relatively cold streams.

Monthly variations in the profile of sex steroids and gonadal development of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill) during puberty in Tasmania

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shafaq Fatima ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Ryan Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Oocyte Stage ◽  
Monthly Variations

Puberty is an important reproductive event that has not been studied in brook trout in the Southern Hemisphere. The present study describes the histological development of gonads and variations in the levels of oestradiol-17β (E2), testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) during the first year of male and female brook trout. The study started when the trout were at an age of 8 months (n = 10) and continued until they were 15 months. Of the males, 60% attained puberty at an age of 14 months. The peak of the gonadosomatic index in males was observed at 15 months of age (3.0 ± 0.9%). Female fish did not achieve maturation during their first year and ovarian development did not progress beyond the vesicular oocyte stage within the study period.

Asphyxiation and entombment mechanisms in fines rich spawning substrates: experimental evidence with brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) embryos

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Franssen ◽  
Catherine Blais ◽  
Michel Lapointe ◽  
Francis Bérubé ◽  
Normand Bergeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Oxygen Flux ◽  
Interstitial Flow ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Substrate Composition ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients ◽  
Streambed Sediments

We investigated the distinct physical controls causing entombment and asphyxiation, the key mechanisms influencing salmonid egg-to-emergence (EtE) survival. Entombment occurs when sediment blocks the interstitial pathways (macropores) that larvae use to emerge from the streambed, while asphyxiation is related to low oxygen flux, which is a function of interstitial flow velocity. EtE survival has been related to substrate composition and flow velocity. However, in streambed sediments these variables are correlated, and few studies have examined the sensitivity of EtE survival to changes in velocity and oxygen flux at fixed substrate composition. EtE survival has not yet been directly related to the size and density of macropores. We incubated brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) embryos in artificial redds with different sediment compositions and hydraulic gradients to examine independently the effects of substrate composition, macropore geometry, and flow velocity on EtE survival, emergence timing, and fry condition. In situ measurements of macropore size were obtained using a computed tomography scanner. Despite high oxygen concentrations, we observed that entombment or blockage effects caused high embryo mortality in fines-rich substrates with few large macropores, and triggered early emergence of rare survivors. These outcomes could not be mitigated by increased flow velocity and oxygen flux to the egg pocket.

scholarly journals Toward Chalcogenide Platform Infrared Sensor Dedicated to the In Situ Detection of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Natural Waters via an Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2449
Author(s):  
Marion Baillieul ◽  
Emeline Baudet ◽  
Karine Michel ◽  
Jonathan Moreau ◽  
Petr Němec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Micro Sensor ◽  
In Situ Detection

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the successful functionalization of the surface of a chalcogenide infrared waveguide with the ultimate goal of developing an infrared micro-sensor device. First, a polyisobutylene coating was selected by testing its physico-chemical compatibility with a Ge-Sb-Se selenide surface. To simulate the chalcogenide platform infrared sensor, the detection of benzene, toluene, and ortho-, meta- and para-xylenes was efficaciously performed using a polyisobutylene layer spin-coated on 1 and 2.5 µm co-sputtered selenide films of Ge28Sb12Se60 composition deposited on a zinc selenide prism used for attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. The thickness of the polymer coating was optimized by attenuated total reflection spectroscopy to achieve the highest possible attenuation of water absorption while maintaining the diffusion rate of the pollutant through the polymer film compatible with the targeted in situ analysis. Then, natural water, i.e., groundwater, wastewater, and seawater, was sampled for detection measurement by means of attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. This study is a valuable contribution concerning the functionalization by a hydrophobic polymer compatible with a chalcogenide optical sensor designed to operate in the mid-infrared spectral range to detect in situ organic molecules in natural water.

Exotic “Gill Lice” Species (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae:SalmincolaSPP.) Infect Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the Southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Ruiz ◽  
Jacob M. Rash ◽  
Doug A. Besler ◽  
Jackson R. Roberts ◽  
Micah B. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Parasite-induced susceptibility to predation in diplostomiasis

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brassard ◽  
M. E. Rau ◽  
M. A. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Induced Susceptibility ◽  
Diplostomum Spathaceum

Guppies (Lebistes reticulatis) exposed to doses as low as 25 cercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum for 30 min were consistently and significantly more susceptible to predation by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) than uninfected controls. The increase in susceptibility to predation was correlated with a marked decrease in the activity of infected fish.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document