Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus: Prevalence in Certain Alaskan Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. Grischkowsky ◽  
Donald F. Amend
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Cook Inlet ◽  
Bristol Bay ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Kodiak Island ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis ◽  
First Time

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus is reported for the first time in Alaskan sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). The virus was isolated from moribund juveniles at Kitoi Bay and from adults of 16 spawning stocks throughout the Bristol Bay, Kodiak Island, Cook Inlet, and the Gulf of Alaska areas.

Characterization of the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) carrier state in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
A. Müller ◽  
K.A. Garver ◽  
B.J.G. Sutherland ◽  
Ben F. Koop B.F. ◽  
S.C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis

Control of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus Disease by Elevating the Water Temperature

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald F. Amend
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis

Studies were performed to determine if increasing water temperatures could control infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHN) disease in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Mortalities could be prevented if the water temperature was raised to at least 18 C within the first 24 hr after infection of the fish and if the fish were maintained at this temperature for 4–6 days. The disease did not recur after the elevated temperature treatment, but the fish would still contract the disease if they were reinfected. Reasons for the protecting action are discussed.

Cross Correlations Between Reconstructed Ocean Abundances of Bristol Bay and British Columbia Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1814-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall M. Peterman ◽  
Fred Y. C Wong
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Bristol Bay ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Cross Correlations

Anecdotal reports of a tendency for British Columbia sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) to be low when Bristol Bay, Alaska, returns are high prompted a reconstruction of minimum abundances of sockeye resident in the Gulf of Alaska each year from the early 1950s to mid-1970s. This backwards reconstruction using Fry's virtual population analysis was done by using catch, escapement, and age structure data for each area in British Columbia and Bristol Bay. Use of more sophisticated backwards reconstruction methods was precluded by lack of age-specific annual survival rates by stock. Ocean abundances of British Columbia and Bristol Bay sockeye show significant autocorrelations at periods consistent with the cyclic dominant patterns of their largest stocks. Cross correlations at lag 0 between ocean abundances of various ages of fish from these two regions show one case of a significant inverse relation in abundances. In addition, there are significant cross correlations between British Columbia and Bristol Bay ocean abundances at various time lags, showing that cycles in their abundances are out of synchrony. This lack of synchrony persisted longer than would be expected from cyclic dominance patterns and age at maturity of British Columbia and Bristol Bay sockeye, and several alternative explanations of this asynchrony are discussed.

Sequential Tests for Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Individuals and Populations of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2515-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan M. Mulcahy ◽  
Ron J. Pascho
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
High Virus Titer ◽  
Sequential Tests ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis ◽  
High Virus

The incidence and titer distribution of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in cavity fluid from spent female sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) varied little when fish from a naturally spawning population were sampled three times on alternate days. However, when prespawning female sockeye salmon from a second population were individually tagged, penned, and sampled daily, the incidence and proportion of fish with high virus titer rose over a 6-d period. In 10 instances, consecutive cavity fluid samples from the same fish reverted from virus-positive to virus-negative. We suggest that spent fish should be sampled when accurate and quantitative data on the incidence and level of the virus are required.

Variants of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes in Sera of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Hodgins ◽  
W. E. Ames ◽  
F. M. Utter
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Bristol Bay ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes ◽  
Skeena River ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Ldh Isozymes

Three phenotypes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes were found in sera of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), presumably representing B′B′, B′B, and BB genotypes. No association was obvious between LDH phenotype of sera and sex or total body length.Of 1006 sera from Asian, Bristol Bay, and Gulf of Alaska stocks, 826 were B′B′ and 180 were B′B or BB. Of 591 sera from Washington and British Columbia stocks, 589 were B′B′ and 2 were B′B; both of the B-allele phenotypes were found in fish captured at the Skeena River in northern British Columbia. These findings suggested that LDH isozymes should be useful in studies on ocean distribution of sockeye salmon and in characterizing certain Asian and Alaskan sockeye salmon populations.

Mortality Due to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Fry in Streamside Egg Incubation Boxes

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1511-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Mulcahy ◽  
Ron Pascho ◽  
C. K. Jenes
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Peak Incidence ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Natural Spawning ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis ◽  
Dead Fish

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus caused mortality of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in streamside egg incubation boxes. Virus was not detectable in eggs or alevins; its first isolation coincided with the appearance of dead fish in a trap on the outflow from the box. Mortality due to the virus did not occur in every egg box studied. However, when fry from the boxes were held in the laboratory, epizootics began as much as 3 wk later, with total mortality exceeding 90%. More than 96% of the dead fry had titers exceeding 105 plaque-forming units per gram. The peak incidence of virus in fry migrating in the river coincided with the arrival of hatchery-produced fry, although some fry believed to have been produced by natural spawning were also infected.

A Natural Epizootic of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis in Fry of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) at Chilko Lake, British Columbia

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1564-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian V. Williams ◽  
Donald F. Amend
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Salmon Fry ◽  
Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis

The first confirmed epizootic of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus disease under natural conditions is reported for sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, in Chilko Lake, British Columbia. The outbreak occurred among fish of the 1972 brood during the spring of 1973. An estimated 825.6 million eggs were deposited in the Chilko River in 1972, and the production of 31.4 million fry that migrated into the lake in 1973 was significantly lower than the 55.1 million fry expected. The egg-to-fry survival of 3.8% was the lowest ever recorded at Chilko Lake (1949–73). The estimated fry-to-smolt survival of 57.1%, however, was well within the normal range for this lake. Apparently IHN severely reduced the survival of the 1972 brood of sockeye salmon fry at Chilko Lake, and all or nearly all of the reduction occurred during the egg-to-fry stage of the life cycle.

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