MONOSOMIC ANALYSIS OF FERTILITY RESTORATION IN THREE RESTORER LINES OF WHEAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Sun Yen ◽  
L. E. Evans ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Restorer Line ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Minor Gene ◽  
Triticum Timopheevi ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa ◽  
A Minor

Genes conferring fertility restoration, in each of the following three hexaploid restorer lines of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L) carrying cytoplasm of Triticum timopheevi Zhuk, were located using monosomic analyses: [(T. timopheevi × Aegilops squarrosa) × Canthatch3] F7, [(T. timopheevi × Ae. squarrosa) × Dirk3] F6 and (T. timopheevi × Ae. squarrosa) × Karn3] F6.Testcross data revealed that in the Dirk restorer, a major gene (Rf1) conferring fertility restoration was carried on chromosome 1A, while a minor gene (Rf4) was located on chromosome 7D. The restorer line of Canthatch was found to carry a major gene (Rf2) and a minor gene (Rf3) on chromosomes 6B ad 6D respectively. Chromosomes 1A and 6B were found to carry genes for fertility restoration in the Karn restorer. Critical chromosomes carrying genes conferring fertility restoration in each of the three restorer lines were found not to be involved in translocations found in F1 plants of Rescue monosomics × restorer lines. Chromosomes 2A, 6A and 3D of Rescue appeared to carry genes which modified the degree of restoration obtained.

Monosomic Analysis of Fertility‐Restoration in Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) 1

Crop Science ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Robertson ◽  
B. C. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Monosomic Analysis

Cytogenetic studies of progenies from crosses between 'Centurk' wheat and its doubled haploids derived from anther culture

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawsan S. Youssef ◽  
R. Morris ◽  
P. S. Baenziger ◽  
C. M. Papa
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
A Minor

Karyotype stability, which is essential when using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) doubled haploids in a breeding program, was evaluated in 14 anther-derived doubled-haploid lines after at least three generations of selfing, by crossing them as females with the parent cultivar 'Centurk' and doing cytological studies on the progenies. There were no deviations from the hexaploid chromosome number (2n = 42) in root tips. Meiotic chromosome pairing was as stable as that in the control ('Centurk' × 'Centurk') in most progenies. Chromosomal structural changes and (or) behavioral deviations were detected at the metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, and quartet stages of meiosis in a minor proportion of the cells. The frequencies of multivalents, lagging bivalents and univalents, bridges, and micronuclei were higher in some progenies than in the control. Chromosomal fragments were infrequent. The ranges in percentages of normal cells were 72.4–90.0 at anaphase I, 76.4–92.6 at telophase I, and 82.6–93.2 at quartet stages in the doubled-haploid progenies, compared with 95–100, 92–100, and 94–96, respectively, in the control. On the basis of these results, the doubled-haploid lines should produce enough normal gametes to provide adequate seed supplies when they are used as parents in wheat cultivar and population improvement.Key words: Triticum aestivum, chromosome pairing, chromosome aberrations, gametoclonal variation.

scholarly journals Efficient mapping of a female sterile gene in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
BINGDE DOU ◽  
BEIWEI HOU ◽  
HAIMING XU ◽  
XIANGYANG LOU ◽  
XIAOFEI CHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Genome Maps ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Elite Cultivar

SummaryStudies on inheritance of fertility are of great importance in wheat breeding. Although substantial progress has been achieved in molecular characterization of male sterility and fertility restoration recently, little effort has been devoted to female sterility. To identify the gene(s) controlling female sterility in wheat efficiently, an investigation was conducted for the seed setting ratio using a set of F2 populations derived from the cross between a female sterile line XND126 and an elite cultivar Gaocheng 8901. Bulked segregation analysis (BSA) method and recessive class approach were adopted to screen for SSR markers potentially linked to female fertility gene loci in 2005. Out of 1080 SSRs in wheat genome, eight markers on chromosome 2D showed a clear difference between two disparate bulks and small recombination frequency values, suggesting a strong linkage signal to the sterility gene. Based on the candidate linked markers, partial linkage maps were constructed with Mapmaker 3.0 (EXP) instead of whole genome maps, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was implemented with software QTLNetwork 2.0. A major gene locus designated as taf1, was located on chromosome 2DS. The above result was confirmed by the analysis for 2007 data, and taf1 was identified on the same chromosome 2DS with a confidence interval of 2·4 cM, which could explain 44·99% of phenotypic variation. These results provided fundamental information for fine mapping studies and laid the groundwork for wheat fertility genetic studies.

A gene for resistance to a necrosis-inducing isolate of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis located on 5BL of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Stock ◽  
A. L. Brûlé-Babel ◽  
G. A. Penner
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Location ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Chromosome Arm

Several sources of high-level resistance to tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis have been identified in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study was conducted to determine the number and chromosome location of a gene(s) in the cultivar Chinese Spring (CS) that confers resistance to a tan necrosis inducing isolate (nec+chl−) of P. tritici-repentis, 86-124, and insensitivity to Ptr necrosis toxin. Reciprocal crosses were made between CS (resistant–insensitive) and 'Kenya Farmer' (KF) (susceptible–sensitive). Analysis of the CS/KF F1and F2 populations and F2-derived F3 families identified a single nuclear recessive gene governing resistance to isolate 86-124 and Ptr necrosis toxin. Evaluation of the CS(KF) substitution series, F2 monosomic analysis, and screening of a series of 19 CS compensating nullitetrasomic and two ditelosomic lines (2AS and 5BL) indicated that the resistance gene was located on chromosome arm 5BL. No linkage exists between Lr18 and the tan necrosis resistance gene on chromosome arm 5BL. It is proposed that the gene for resistance to the tan necrosis inducing isolate 86-124 (nec+chl−) of P. tritici-repentis and Ptr necrosis toxin be named tsn1. Key words : wheat, Triticum aestivum L., tan spot resistance, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs., chromosome location, Ptr necrosis toxin.

A reciprocal backcross monosomic analysis of the scab resistant spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, ?Frontana?

2007 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Berzonsky ◽  
B. L. Gebhard ◽  
E. Gamotin ◽  
G. D. Leach ◽  
S. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Monosomic Analysis ◽  
Reciprocal Backcross

Inheritance of resistance to stem rust in 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', 'MRFY', 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope' wheats

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
M. Padidam ◽  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Minor Genes

Resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks, and Henn.), particularly adult plant resisitance to race 15B-1, was studied in seven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars or lines: 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', 'MRFY', 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope'. Each of the seven was crossed with a susceptible parent and either F4- or F5-derived lines developed by single seed descent. All of the lines were tested with race 15B-1 in field nurseries. Lines derived from parents carrying seedling resistance to race 15B-1 were also tested as seedlings in the greenhouse with race 15B-1, and in some cases races 56, 29, and C65. The data indicated that 'Bonza' carries Sr6, probably Sr5, an unidentified gene giving resistance to race 56, two unidentified genes for resistance to race C65, and two minor genes that combine to produce intermediate adult plant resistance. 'Chris' carries Sr5, Sr7a, Sr8a, and Sr12. In addition, it may have three minor genes for adult plant resistance. 'FKN-II-50-17' carries Sr6 and may have four minor genes that combine to produce moderate adult plant resistance. 'MRFY', which is seedling susceptible to race 15B-1, carries Sr9b, possibly Sr5, plus an unidentified gene for resistance to C65. In addition, it appears to have one major gene for adult plant resistance plus two or more minor genes. 'Thatcher', 'Marquillo', and 'Hope' had only limited resistance to race 15B-1 in the field and no genetic analysis of their crosses was possible. The four parents that had good resistance to race 15B-1 in the field, 'Bonza', 'Chris', 'FKN-II-50-17', and 'MRFY', all carry minor genes for adult plant resistance that had little effect individually but produced moderate resistance when combined. The genes Sr5 and Sr9b, which have no effect on resistance to 15B-1 is seedlings, were found to significantly increase resistance in adult plants in the field.Key words: stem rust, Puccinia graminis tritici, wheat, Triticum aestivum, adult plant rust resistance.

Molecular and biochemical characterisation of polyphenol oxidases in developing kernels and senescing leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind K. Jukanti ◽  
Phil L. Bruckner ◽  
Andreas M. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Enzyme Activation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidases ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation

Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) have been implicated in plant defence reactions. From an applied point of view, high PPO activity is associated with browning / darkening of fresh and processed food. Owing to its complex genome and economic importance, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) represents an interesting system to advance our understanding of plant PPO function. We have previously shown that wheat PPOs are organised in a multigene family, consisting of two distinct phylogenetic clusters with three members each. In this study, we demonstrate that members of one cluster are not expressed in developing kernels or senescing flag leaves. Transcriptional regulation of one major gene in the other cluster largely controls PPO levels in these tissues, at least in the wheat varieties used for this study. Our data further indicate that the product of this gene is present as a latent enzyme during early kernel development, and that the latent enzyme is activated during later developmental phases. Enzyme activation can be achieved in vitro by limited tryptic digestion, but our data do not indicate activation by a proteolytic mechanism in vivo. Together, results presented in this study provide important insights into the regulation of wheat PPO function.

Estabilidad de rendimiento de diez genotipos de trigo (triticum aestivum l.) en cinco localidades de Huánuco

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Rubén V. Limaylla-Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa

El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer el nivel de estabilidad del rendimiento de diez genotipos de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) en cinco localidades de la sierra de la Región de Huánuco durante la campaña agrícola 2011, empleando el diseño de bloque completos al azar. El análisis de varianza combinado mostró diferencias altamente significativas para la interacción genotipo por localidades. La localidad de Chaulán (3 237 msnm) fue el ambiente más favorable para la expresión del rendimiento de los genotipos. Destacaron los genotipos ALTAR 84 / AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)…, CHEN / AE. Q // 2* OPATA /3/ BABAX /4/ JARU y WORRAKATTA / 2* PASTOR, por mostrar rendimientos próximos a los 3 000 kg/ha y combinaciones favorables de sus parámetros de estabilidad bi S2di. El testigo nacional CENTENARIO-UNALM mostró estabilidad y consistencia simultánea y un rendimiento de 2 835 kg/ha, constituyéndose en un buen indicador de amplia adaptabilidad.

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