Sulfur isotope fractionation by Salmonella heidelberg: inverse isotope effects during growth on high concentrations of Na2SO3

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. L. McCready ◽  
H. R. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Salmonella Heidelberg

During growth on minimal salts – glucose media supplemented with high concentrations of Na2SO3 (10−3 and 10−2 M), Salmonella heidelberg exhibited cytological and growth responses which indicated increased cellular toxicity with increasing sulfite concentrations. The large quantities of sulfide evolved during growth at both SO32− concentrations were accompanied by large normal and inverse isotope effects. Consistent with earlier findings, this organism was found capable of rapidly metabolizing both the sulfane and sulfonate sulfur of thiosulfate. Therefore, the isotope effects do not appear to be caused by extracellular chemical thiosulfate formation.

Sulfur isotope fractionation by Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella heidelberg during the reduction of thiosulfate

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. L. McCready ◽  
V. A. Grinenko ◽  
H. R. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Isotopic Fractionation ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Sulfane Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Fractionation Pattern ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Salmonella Heidelberg

Proteus vulgaris metabolized thiosulfate to H2S. The amount evolved and its sulfur isotope composition identified it solely with sulfane sulfur. In contrast. Salmonella heidelberg sequentially reduced the sulfane sulfur of S2O32− with slight enrichment of the evolved sulfide in 32S and then reduced the sulfonate sulfur of S2O32− with large isotopic selectivities and an inverse isotopic fractionation pattern. The inverse isotope fractionation pattern for the H2S derived from the sulfonate sulfur was almost identical to that observed during the reduction of high concentrations of sulfite by S. heidelberg.

Stable isotope fractionation by Clostridium pasteurianum. 4. Sulfur isotope fractionation during enzymatic S3O62−, S2O32−, and SO32− reductions

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 824-834
Author(s):  
G. I. Harrison ◽  
E. J. Laishley ◽  
H. R. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

Cell-free extracts from Clostridium pasteurianum grown on SO32− utilize H2 to reduce S3O62−, S2O32−, and SO32− to H2S at a much faster rate than extracts from SO42−-grown cells. This further supports the concept of an inducible dissimilatory type SO32− reductive pathway in this organism. 35S dilution experiments further support the concept that S3O62− and S2O32− are pathway intermediates. The inducible SO32− reductase is ferredoxin linked and the kinetics of the reduction and the sulfur isotope fractionation of the product can be altered by altering the growth conditions. The attending sulfur isotope fractionations are similar to those observed during the chemical decomposition of these compounds. In the case of S2O32−, 35S labelling experiments verified the conclusions derived from the stable isotope fractionation data concerning the relative reduction rates of the sulfane and sulfonate sulfurs. The reduction rates were also affected by enzyme concentration. The integrity of the whole cell is a necessary requirement for the large inverse isotope effects previously reported.

Thiosulfate formation and associated isotope effects during sulfite reduction by Clostridium pasteurianum

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Chambers ◽  
P. A. Trudinger
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Secondary Chemical Reaction ◽  
Secondary Chemical ◽  
Isotopic Effects

During growth of Clostridium pasteurianum on sulfite, approximately half the sulfite was reduced to sulfide and half to thiosulfate. Sulfide was enriched in 32S or 34S at different stages of growth and thiosulfate was enriched in 32S, particularly in the sulfane atom.It is suggested that thiosulfate in these bacterial cultures arose from a secondary chemical reaction. The chemical formation of thiosulfate from sulfide and sulfite was also accompanied by sulfur isotope fractionation. The implications of these results with respect to 'inverse' isotopic effects are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Iron and Nitrogen Limitation on Sulfur Isotope Fractionation during Microbial Sulfate Reduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (23) ◽  
pp. 8368-8376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sub Sim ◽  
Shuhei Ono ◽  
Tanja Bosak
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Microbial Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
S Isotope

ABSTRACTSulfate-reducing microbes utilize sulfate as an electron acceptor and produce sulfide that is depleted in heavy isotopes of sulfur relative to sulfate. Thus, the distribution of sulfur isotopes in sediments can trace microbial sulfate reduction (MSR), and it also has the potential to reflect the physiology of sulfate-reducing microbes. This study investigates the relationship between the availability of iron and reduced nitrogen and the magnitude of S-isotope fractionation during MSR by a marine sulfate-reducing bacterium, DMSS-1, aDesulfovibriospecies, isolated from salt marsh in Cape Cod, MA. Submicromolar levels of iron increase sulfur isotope fractionation by about 50% relative to iron-replete cultures of DMSS-1. Iron-limited cultures also exhibit decreased cytochromec-to-total protein ratios and cell-specific sulfate reduction rates (csSRR), implying changes in the electron transport chain that couples carbon and sulfur metabolisms. When DMSS-1 fixes nitrogen in ammonium-deficient medium, it also produces larger fractionation, but it occurs at faster csSRRs than in the ammonium-replete control cultures. The energy and reducing power required for nitrogen fixation may be responsible for the reverse trend between S-isotope fractionation and csSRR in this case. Iron deficiency and nitrogen fixation by sulfate-reducing microbes may lead to the large observed S-isotope effects in some euxinic basins and various anoxic sediments.

scholarly journals Sulfur Isotope Fractionation and Kinetic Studies of Sulfite Reduction in Growing Cells of Salmonella heidelberg

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.R. Krouse ◽  
R.G. L. McCready ◽  
S.A. Husain ◽  
J.N. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Salmonella Heidelberg

SULFUR ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION IN BACTERIALLY AND CHEMICALLY CONTROLLED ROLL-FRONT DEPOSITS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Hough ◽  
◽  
Susan M. Swapp ◽  
Carol D. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

Reactive transport modelling of porewater geochemistry and sulfur isotope fractionation in organic carbon amended mine tailings

2021 ◽  
pp. 104904
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Craig ◽  
Alexi Shkarupin ◽  
Richard T. Amos ◽  
Matthew B.J. Lindsay ◽  
David W. Blowes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Reactive Transport Modelling ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation

Stable isotope fractionation by Clostridium pasteurianum. 5. Effect of SeO42− on the physiology and associated sulfur isotope fractionation during SO32− and SO42− reductions

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Harrison ◽  
E. J. Laishley ◽  
H. R. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Stable Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Inverse Isotope Effect

The addition of 1 mM SeO42− significantly affected the physiology and metabolism of Clostridium pasteurianum growing on SO42− in the following ways: (1) the generation time was increased, essentially producing a biphasic growth curve, (2) cells became elongated and chains formed, (3) no H2S was liberated during the stationary phase, (4) assimilatory SO32− reductase activity was decreased, (5) ferredoxin levels decreased by a factor of 4. The effects of 1 mM SeO42− on Clostridium pasteurianum growing on SO32− were comparatively minor.H2S evolution in the stationary phase decreased by a factor of 2 and the δ34S maximum in the inverse isotope effect pattern occurred at a slightly lower percent H2S evolution. The deleterious effects of SeO42− addition were less pronounced than those associated with SeO32− addition. SeO32− but not SeO42− was reduced to elemental selenium by both whole cells and crude extracts.

Sulfur Isotope Fractionation by Sulfate-Reducing Microbes Can Reflect Past Physiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 4013-4022 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pellerin ◽  
Christine B. Wenk ◽  
Itay Halevy ◽  
Boswell A. Wing
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfur Isotope Fractionation
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