The Development of Air-Photo Interpretation in Canada

1973 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Parry
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Photo Interpretation ◽  
Source Document ◽  
Air Photo ◽  
Extensive Reference

Aerial photography has come of age in Canada and is now widely used for both cartographic and interpretive purposes. In this historical review, the development of air-photo interpretation in Canada is traced from the earliest times to the present day. The major milestones are identified, and an attempt is made to show the pattern of development and the trends in photo-interpretation work in Canada since the first air photos were obtained in 1883. Separate sections are devoted to air-photo interpretation in forestry, agriculture and crop inventory, engineering, physiography and terrain analysis, wildlife, and social studies. An extensive reference list, which will serve as a base-line reference for current researchers and a source document for future reviewers, is an integral part of the review.

Coastal Studies by Sequential Air Photography

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Current Action ◽  
Coastal Changes ◽  
Air Photo

With the advent of air photography, many problems of mapping coast lines, such as those caused by surf action and underwater obstructions, were solved, as the vertical air photo shows the exact configuration of the coast and reveals many of the shallow-water obstructions. This paper shows that aerial photographs, obtained at intervals ranging from 2 to 20 years, contain important information on long-term coastal changes, brought about by wave and current action over a period of time. Two examples of such changes, revealed by sequential aerial photography, are given. It is concluded that a program of systematic study of existing photographs and supplementary rephotography would more than justify its cost.

Base-line selection of black spruce by large-scale aerial photography

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383
Author(s):  
William H. Parker ◽  
Annette van Niejenhuis ◽  
Laird Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Horizontal Projection ◽  
Space Efficiency ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Plus Tree

Following selection of black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) for growing space efficiency using a base line of basal area increment vs. crown length × crown radius, the corresponding crown data were determined by large-scale (1:1250) aerial photography for 174 ground-measured trees to determine whether aerial photography would provide a more accurate and cost-effective alternative for plus-tree selection. Values obtained for ground- and photo-measured tree heights and crown lengths corresponded closely, but values of crown radii measured from the ground by a right-angle prism did not correspond in the same manner to values derived from crown horizontal projection areas on the photos. Nonetheless, the different base lines of basal area increments vs. various ground- and photo-measured crown parameters generally identified the same trees as having the greatest growing space efficiency. The inclusion of crown length together with crown radius did not improve the goodness of fit for regressions of basal area increments vs. crown parameters. Apparently, the two horizontal dimensions are adequate to describe growing space for black spruce, perhaps because its crown form is relatively constant. Our results indicate that large-scale aerial photography is well suited to plus-tree selections of black spruce if ground mesurements are not also required to establish base lines; the extra cost of the photos is offset by the greater speed in measuring tree heights or crown horizontal projection areas. Thus, while the technique is sufficiently accurate, it is not cost effective for establishing growing space efficiency base lines where the basal area increment is determined directly from increment cores.

Forest type distribution on a calcareous terrain in western Newfoundland

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
A. R. van Kesteren
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Photo Interpretation ◽  
Type Distribution ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Maximum Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Air Photo

Terrain factors influencing forest type distribution on a calcareous terrain in western Newfoundland were investigated. Landform elements were mapped at a scale of 1:12,500 utilizing air photo interpretation. Minimum and maximum elevation data along with dominant forest type occurrence were determined in the field. Frequencies of landform element and forest type correspondence were tested using a log-linear G2 analysis. Additionally, elevational differences of both landform elements and forest types were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Null hypotheses of no significant landform influence on forest type distribution and no significant elevational differentiation of landform elements were rejected. However, no significant direct elevational differentiation of forest types was detected. Results are supportive of the observations of Damman (1967), indicating a primary toposequence control on forest type distribution. Verified forest type–landform associations could aid the development of a statistically based phytogeomorphic mapping system for forest land use management in Newfoundland. Key words: forest type, landform element, phytogeomorphic mapping, air photo interpretation

A Huronian outlier in the Goulais River area, District of Algoma, Ontario

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1535-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Grunsky ◽  
J. T. Arengi
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Photo Interpretation ◽  
Field Mapping ◽  
Nearby Source ◽  
Air Photo ◽  
Stratigraphic Thickness

An outlier of sedimentary rock assigned to the Gowganda Formation of the Huronian Supergroup was discovered during field mapping in the Goulais River area, District of Algoma, Ontario. This outlier is the northernmost documented occurrence of Huronian sedimentary rocks in the Algoma region. The outlier is 53 m in stratigraphic thickness and consists of polymictic to oligomictic paraconglomerate and orthoconglomerate with interbeds of pink arkose, siltstone, and dark grey greywacke. The conglomerates contain metavolcanic fragments and altered feldspars that suggest part of the sediment had a nearby source. Hematite results in a pink matrix in both conglomerates and arkosic interbeds and may indicate that an oxidizing environment prevailed during deposition. Air photo interpretation may help locate other outliers in the vicinity of lineaments, faults, or topographic highs.

About this title

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. NP-NP ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Sequence ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
International History ◽  
General Index ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Treaty Status ◽  
Extensive Reference

The Svalbard archipelago and its principal island, Spitsbergen, respectively about the size of Scotland and Switzerland, have a wealth in variety and complexity in stratigraphy and structure no less than those classic areas. Moreover, with an international history and present treaty status many nations have participated in research, and the geological literature currently comprising far more than 3000 publications is widely scattered and rapidly increasing. There are indeed excellent published geological outlines, but no comprehensive work.This work presents the detailed geology of Svalbard. It arises from about 50 years of research in many aspects of Svalbard geology by the author with many colleagues and collaborato~ It is arranged systematically as a definitive study reflecting the present conjuncture of research. It thus meets the needs of specialists with convenient information on related fields or of any geoscientist surveying some aspect of global geology for an indication of what is known about this key region.This work is planned as an integrated synthesi~ Part I is introductory, setting the stage. Chapter 3 in particular outlines the main geological features and the principal geological conventions used throughout. Part 2 divides Svalbard into eight regions/sectors and each chapter describes these with minimal interpretation. The rock successions are listed from the top down as observed, and the structures are outlined and to some extent illustrated. Part 3, in forward time sequence, interprets historical events and environments. Part 4 comprises a summary of the economic aspects of Svaibard geology and three alphabetical lists as reference aids namely place names, stratigraphic names and general index. There is also an extensive reference list, which will be a significant bibliographic resource for researchers of Svalbard geology.

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