Metacognitive and Metaemotional Training Strategies through the Nine-layer Pyramid Model of Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence constitutes an important 21st century skill that impacts positively several areas of everyday life. It contains competencies that enhance the ability of other significant skills for self-development. The main purpose of this study is to present the way we can develop and improve our emotional intelligence based on the pyramid model and its nine layers. To achieve this goal, the paper seeks to address the following question: What are the metacognitive and metaemotional skills and strategies that can play a key role in developing, enhancing and improving emotional intelligence?Extensive reference is made to the skills that involved in each layer and have been identified as necessary and should be cultivated by the individual leading gradually to the higher levels of self-actualization and transcendence. Furthermore, we suggest some strategies in each layer that work auxiliary and supportive for the cultivation of the specific skills.Metacognitive and metaemotional skills and strategies are necessary to conquer the levels of emotional intelligence and to apply in a variety of contexts with the aim of developing emotional intelligence and self-improvement.

Homo Paedens? Did Kids Invent the Human Species?

The evolution of development (“evo-devo”) has become a central concern in both evolu­tionary and developmental research, and human immaturity is no less a proper focus for evolutionary analysis than that of other species-if anything, it is more so. Two new books by David F. Bjorklund, a founder of evolutionary developmental psychology, summarize what we know now and propose that children invented our species. Due to the new phe­nomenon of partly heritable epigenetic modification of genes and the old one of the Bald­win Effect (by which plasticity leads to new selective forces on genes), this claim must be at least partly true. The inherent plasticity of children’s behavior, including play, accelerat­ed the evolution of humanity as instantiated in the human brain. Evolution cannot be understood without extensive reference to development, and nothing in childhood makes sense except in the light of evolution.

Shakespeare and the Comedy of Enchantment

Shakespeare and the Comedy of Enchantment explores the encounter between comedy’s rationalizing dimensions and those extra-rational aspects that elude demystification and exert affective power, an encounter between what is explicable and what is inexplicable. In the context of modernist disenchantment, Shakespeare’s comedies showcase the play of wonder and doubt, leaving behind a sense of residual re-enchantment. The argument thus broadens the perspective of studies that align early modern comedy with developments in science and jurisprudence. As the comic action advances, elements of mystery accrue—uncanny coincidences; magical sympathies; inexplicable repetitions; psychic influences; and wonders, fears, and doubts about the meaning of events—all of whose effects linger after reason has apparently answered the play’s questions, leaving an aura of wonder and wondering. Comic enchantment works through certain devices, tropes, and motifs explored in the chapters: magical clowns who introduce non-realistic stop-time moments that alter the action; structural repetitions that suggest mysteriously converging destinies and opaque but providential outcomes; places with differing characteristics that frame encounters between the regulatory and the protean drives in human existence; desires, thoughts, and utterances that manifest comically monstrous realities, including objects and individuals; characters who return from the dead, facilitated by the desires of the living; play-endings that traffic in harmony and dissonance, yet which can make possible the irrational action of forgiveness. These matters are discussed with extensive reference to Renaissance and modern theories of comedy, and with comparisons to Italian and Tudor comedy.

Evaluating uncertainty in sensor networks for urban air pollution insights

Ambient air pollution poses a major global public health risk. Lower-cost air quality sensors (LCS) are increasingly being explored as a tool to understand local air pollution problems and develop effective solutions. A barrier to LCS adoption is potentially larger measurement uncertainty compared to reference measurement technology. The technical performance of various LCS has been tested in laboratory and field environments, and a growing literature on uses of LCS primarily focuses on proof-of-concept deployments. However, few studies have demonstrated the implications of LCS measurement uncertainties on a sensor network’s ability to assess spatiotemporal patterns of local air pollution. Here, we present results from a 2-year deployment of 100 stationary electrochemical nitrogen dioxide (NO2) LCS across Greater London as part of the Breathe London pilot project (BL). We evaluated sensor performance using collocations with reference instruments, estimating ~35 % average uncertainty (root-mean-square error) of the calibrated LCS, and identified infrequent, multi-week periods of poorer performance and high bias during summer months. We analyzed BL data to generate insights about London’s air pollution, including long-term concentration trends, diurnal and day-of-week patterns, and profiles of elevated concentrations during regional pollution episodes. These findings were validated against measurements from an extensive reference network, demonstrating the BL network’s ability to generate robust information about London’s air pollution. In cases where the BL network did not effectively capture features that the reference network measured, ongoing collocations of representative sensors often provided evidence of irregularities in sensor performance, demonstrating how, in the absence of an extensive reference network, project-long collocations could enable characterization and mitigation of network-wide sensor uncertainties. The conclusions are restricted to the specific sensors used for this study, but the results give direction to LCS users by demonstrating the kinds of air pollution insights possible from LCS networks and provide a blueprint for future LCS projects to manage and evaluate uncertainties when collecting, analyzing and interpreting data.

LEONARD SAVAGE, THE ELLSBERG PARADOX, AND THE DEBATE ON SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES: EVIDENCE FROM THE ARCHIVES

This paper explores archival material concerning the reception of Leonard J. Savage’s foundational work of rational choice theory in its subjective-Bayesian form. The focus is on the criticism raised in the early 1960s by Daniel Ellsberg, William Fellner, and Cedric Smith, who were supporters of the newly developed subjective approach but could not understand Savage’s insistence on the strict version he shared with Bruno de Finetti. The episode is well known, thanks to the so-called Ellsberg Paradox and the extensive reference made to it in current decision theory. But Savage’s reaction to his critics has never been examined. Although Savage never really engaged with the issue in his published writings, the private exchange with Ellsberg and Fellner, and with de Finetti about how to deal with Smith, shows that Savage’s attention to the generalization advocated by his correspondents was substantive. In particular, Savage’s defense of the normative value of rational choice theory against counterexamples such as Ellsberg’s did not prevent him from admitting that he would give careful consideration to a more realistic axiomatic system, should the critics be able to provide one.

Animal Species Identification of Meat Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

<p>We describe the animal species identification of meat using MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy including the development and validation of a reliable method, qualified for use in the accredited official food-control laboratory.</p> <p>Previous publications had shown the potential of MALDI-TOF MS for animal species differentiation of several kind of food, including meat. Our aim was to establish a rapid and reliable method by means of a simplified sample preparation without prior tryptic digest, an existing popular MALDI system, an independent extensive reference database, and an adequate validation concept. In contrast to the previous works, we consequently use the MALDI user platform “MALDI-UP” to give other food control laboratories the possibility of exchanging reference and validation spectra.<br></p>

Animal Species Identification of Meat Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

<p>We describe the animal species identification of meat using MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy including the development and validation of a reliable method, qualified for use in the accredited official food-control laboratory.</p> <p>Previous publications had shown the potential of MALDI-TOF MS for animal species differentiation of several kind of food, including meat. Our aim was to establish a rapid and reliable method by means of a simplified sample preparation without prior tryptic digest, an existing popular MALDI system, an independent extensive reference database, and an adequate validation concept. In contrast to the previous works, we consequently use the MALDI user platform “MALDI-UP” to give other food control laboratories the possibility of exchanging reference and validation spectra.<br></p>

High-pH reversed-phase fractionated neural retina proteome of normal growing C57BL/6 mouse

The retina is a key sensory tissue composed of multiple layers of cell populations that work coherently to process and decode visual information. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach has allowed high-throughput, untargeted protein identification, demonstrating the presence of these proteins in the retina and their involvement in biological signalling cascades. The comprehensive wild-type mouse retina proteome was prepared using a novel sample preparation approach, the suspension trapping (S-Trap) filter, and further fractionated with high-pH reversed phase chromatography involving a total of 28 injections. This data-dependent acquisition (DDA) approach using a Sciex TripleTOF 6600 mass spectrometer identified a total of 7,122 unique proteins (1% FDR), and generated a spectral library of 5,950 proteins in the normal C57BL/6 mouse retina. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) approach relies on a large and high-quality spectral library to analyse chromatograms, this spectral library would enable access to SWATH-MS acquisition to provide unbiased, multiplexed, and quantification of proteins in the mouse retina, acting as the most extensive reference library to investigate retinal diseases using the C57BL/6 mouse model.

The Strength of Chemotaxonomy.

This book chapter discusses the history and development of chemotaxonomic methods, with examples of the application to different taxa, and with extensive reference to primary literature and reviews. The application of in silico methods utilizing information from the genome and future directions will also be discussed. The delineation of higher taxa at the family level and above may especially be aided by chemotaxonomic criteria, as demonstrated in published minimum standards. Although chemotaxonomic methods have been enormously important in the past with identification and classification schemes, it remains to be seen in what form they will be utilized in the genomic era, and in the suite of methods available in the era of omics.