Relationship Between the Degree of Resistance to a Pulsed Electric Current and Wood in Progressive Stages of Discoloration and Decay in Living Trees

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry A. Tattar ◽  
Alex L. Shigo ◽  
Thomas Chase
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Pulsed Electric Current

The degree of resistance to a pulsed electric current of wood in progressive stages of discoloration and decay in living trees was correlated primarily with the moisture and mineral contents of the wood. Below the fiber saturation point, the degree of resistance was correlated primarily with the amount of moisture while above the fiber saturation point resistance was correlated primarily with the concentration of mobile potassium and calcium ions. The apparatus used to produce the current and to measure the resistance to it was accurate in detecting and in indicating the stage of deterioration of discolored and decayed wood. The apparatus was tested and found to be reliable electrically within the range of resistances encountered in the trees studied.

scholarly journals Determination of fiber saturation point of rattan (Calamus simplicifolius) using the LF-NMR and two conventional methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-682
Author(s):  
Limei Yang ◽  
Genlin Tian ◽  
Shumin Yang ◽  
Lili Shang ◽  
Xing’e Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Calamus Simplicifolius ◽  
Lf Nmr

Moisture in softwoods: fiber saturation point, hydroxyl site content, and the amount of micropores as determined from NMR relaxation time distributions

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville-Veikko Telkki ◽  
Miikka Yliniemi ◽  
Jukka Jokisaari
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Nmr Relaxation Times

Abstract Distributions of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation times provide detailed information about the moisture absorbed in wood. In this work, T2*, T2, and T1 distributions were recorded from fresh sapwood and heartwood samples of pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) at various temperatures. Below the melting point of bulk water, free water is frozen and its signal disappears from the distributions. Then, the low-temperature distributions of the unfrozen bound water contain more information about its components, because the large free water peaks hiding some smaller bound water peaks are absent and the exchange between free and bound water is prevented. Comparison of the total moisture signal integrals above and below the bulk melting point enables the determination of fiber saturation point (FSP), which, in this context, denotes the total water capacity of cell wall. T2*, T2, and T1 distributions offer different kinds of information about moisture components. All the peaks in the distributions were assigned, and it was demonstrated that the accessible hydroxyl site content and the amount of micropores can be estimated based on the peak integrals.

A solution thermodynamics definition of the fiber saturation point and the derivation of a wood–water phase (state) diagram

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Zelinka ◽  
Samuel V. Glass ◽  
Joseph E. Jakes ◽  
Donald S. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Phase State ◽  
State Diagram ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Solution Thermodynamics ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Definition Of

Modeling of Transient Moisture Diffusion in Wood below the Fiber Saturation Point

2011 ◽  
Vol 312-315 ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Johannes Eitelberger ◽  
Karin Hofstetter
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Moisture Diffusion ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Transient Transport ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Physical Background ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Near Future

During the last two decades the macroscopic formulation of moisture transport in wood below the fiber saturation point has motivated many research efforts. From experiments the difference in steady-state and transient transport processes is well known, but could not be explained in a fully physically motivated manner. In the following article, first the microstructure of wood is depicted, followed by a description of the physical background of steady-state and transient transport processes in wood, and thereon based mathematical formulations. For a correct macroscopic description of transient transport processes, three coupled differential equations have to be solved in parallel, which is done using the finite element method. The validation of the whole model by comparison of model predictions with experimentally derived values is currently in progress and will be published in near future.

Absorption and Desorption of Water along the Longitudinal Axis above and below the Fiber Saturation Point (Short Time of Absorption)

Holzforschung ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mounji ◽  
M. El Kouali ◽  
J.M. Vergnaud
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Short Time

Scope of vacuum press drying for fast removal of moisture below fiber saturation point

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1204-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Kishan Kumar ◽  
N. K. Upreti ◽  
Sachin Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Vacuum Press ◽  
Fast Removal
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