Snow Damage to Branches of Young Red Pine Stands Related to Plantation Density

Snow damage was measured in a 9-year-old northern Michigan red pine (Pinusresinosa) plantation following three severe winters. Snow related injury was usually in the form of complete branch breakage or partially severed lateral branches. Densities of 2000 trees/ha suffered three to four times more damage as those with 500 trees/ha.Injury was primarily concentrated at about 75 cm above the ground, a height reflecting snow depth. This corresponded to the location of the fourth whorl where branch injury was twice as extensive in plots with 1000, 1500, and 2000 trees/ha as those with 500 or 750 trees/ha.Although few trees have as yet died from this snow damage, many have been severely weakened and are thus predisposed to insect attack, disease infestation, and further mechanical injury.

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Colonization of Scots, red, and jack pine logs by Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Michigan pine stands

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x03-156 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 2238-2244 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nathan W Siegert ◽

Deborah G McCullough

Keyword(s):

Scots Pine ◽

North American ◽

Pinus Banksiana ◽

Large Scale ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Red Pine ◽

Tomicus Piniperda ◽

Large Scale Field ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Northern Michigan

We investigated host preference of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in a large-scale field study in 1997 and 1998. This Eurasian pest, first discovered in North America in 1992, is capable of developing and shoot-feeding in many North American pines. We hypothesized, however, that T. piniperda would preferentially colonize Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), a Eurasian species, more frequently than North American red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). We placed freshly cut Scots, red, and jack pine logs in Scots, red, and jack pine forest stands each year in southwestern Michigan, where T. piniperda populations have been established for several years, and in central and northern Michigan, where T. piniperda populations were low to rare. Following T. piniperda progeny emergence, logs were retrieved and debarked and T. piniperda attack density was determined for each log. Tomicus piniperda colonized 80%90% of the pine logs in the southwestern Michigan stands compared with 2%19% of logs in the central Michigan stands. No logs in the northern Michigan stands were colonized by T. piniperda in either year. In the southwestern pine stands, T. piniperda attack densities were significantly greater on Scots pine logs than on jack and red pine logs, regardless of stand species.

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Estimation de la production de jeunes plantations de pin rouge et de pin gris du sud du Québec

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x76-066 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 478-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. A. Bolghari

Keyword(s):

Multiple Regression ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Red Pine ◽

Pine Plantations ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Pine Plantation ◽

South Shore ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Natural Stands ◽

St Lawrence River

Multiple regression equations have been developed to predict yield from young red pine and jack pine plantations. Data from 446 sample plots representing young red pine and jack pine stands located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River between Quebec and Montreal were analysed. The red pine plantation yielded more than the jack pine. However, in plantation both species yield more than in natural stands. Taking into account the age and spacing of the sampled plantations, the equation obtained can provide information on yield of red pine and jack pine stands the maximum spacing of which is 3 × 3 m, up to the age of 45 and 35 years respectively. The equations will allow the construction of preliminary yield tables for both species.

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Short-term effects of fertilizer application on soil respiration in red pine stands

Journal of Ecology and Environment ◽

10.5141/jefb.2012.036 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 307-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Choonsig Kim ◽

Jaeyeob Jeong ◽

Nanthi S. Bolan ◽

Ravi Naidu

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Red Pine ◽

Short Term ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Short Term Effects

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Site Characteristics, Growth and Nutrition of Natural Red Pine Stands in Newfoundland

Global to Local: Ecological Land Classification ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-1653-1_36 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 509-530

Author(s):

B. A. Roberts ◽

Denes Bajzak

Keyword(s):

Red Pine ◽

Site Characteristics ◽

Growth And Nutrition ◽

Pine Stands

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Individual Tree Volume Equations for Red Pine in Michigan

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/njaf/14.2.53 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gary W. Fowler

Keyword(s):

Red Pine ◽

Data Sets ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Independent Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Standing Trees ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Volume Estimates ◽

Volume Equations

Abstract New total, pulpwood, sawtimber, and residual pulpwood cubic foot individual tree volume equations were developed for red pine in Michigan using nonlinear and multiple linear regression. Equations were also developed for Doyle, International 1/4 in., and Scribner bd ft volume, and a procedure for estimating pulpwood and residual pulpwood rough cord volumes from the appropriate cubic foot equations was described. Average ratios of residual pulpwood (i.e., topwood, cubic foot or cords) to mbf were developed for 7.6 and 9.6 in. sawtimber. Data used to develop these equations were collected during May-August 1983-1985 from 3,507 felled and/or standing trees from 27 stands in Michigan. Sixteen and 11 stands were located in the Upper and Lower Peninsulas, respectively. All equations were validated on an independent data set. Rough cord volume estimates based on the new pulpwood equation were compared with contemporary tables for 2 small cruise data sets. The new equations can be used to more accurately estimate total volume and volume per acre when cruising red pine stands. North. J. Appl. For. 14(2):53-58.

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Insect Attack and Value Loss in Wind-damaged Spruce and Jack Pine Stands in Northern Ontario

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x75-053 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 387-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Lorne M. Gardiner

Keyword(s):

Jack Pine ◽

Northern Ontario ◽

Extensive Area ◽

Cold Fronts ◽

Value Loss ◽

Pine Trees ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Strong Winds ◽

Wood Boring ◽

Insect Attack

The forests of northern Ontario are damaged frequently by strong winds that develop along cold fronts. Deterioration of spruce (Picea spp.) and jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) saw timber because of wood-boring insects was studied in an extensive area of blowdown between 1969 and 1972. Sawyer beetles (Monochamus spp.) were the most important agents of degrade, but a surprising amount of damage was caused in spruce by Tetropium spp. Broken trees fared worst, but all uprooted trees were heavily attacked by 2 years after the storm. Milling studies showed about a 10% loss in all material combined 1 year after the storm, with the loss in general more than doubling in the 2nd year. The greatest loss occurred in white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), which was of greater original value than jack pine. Trees left standing were not attacked by emerging beetles but were subject to windthrow by relatively light winds. Salvage operations, when desirable, should begin as soon as possible after a blowdown and all stems, including those left standing, should be harvested at once.

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Determining the quantity and quality of biomass obtained from the thinning of Turkish red pine stands

Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining ◽

10.1002/bbb.1836 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 12-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Eker ◽

Raffaele Spinelli ◽

Nevzat Gürlevik

Keyword(s):

Red Pine ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Turkish Red Pine

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Multiple diseases impact survival of pine species planted in red pine stands harvested in spatially variable retention patterns

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 286 ◽

pp. 66-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M.E. Ostry ◽

M.J. Moore ◽

C.C. Kern ◽

R.C. Venette ◽

B.J. Palik

Keyword(s):

Red Pine ◽

Variable Retention ◽

Pine Stands ◽

Pine Species

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Above- and be Bow-ground biomass of precompetitive red pine in northern Michigan

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x95-117 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 1064-1069 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

David D. Reed ◽

Glenn D. Mroz ◽

Hal O. Liechty ◽

Elizabeth A. Jones ◽

Peter J. Cattelino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Growth Index ◽

Tree Height ◽

Growing Season ◽

Height Growth ◽

Red Pine ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Total Height ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Northern Michigan

In 1984, red pine (Pinusresinosa Ait.) plantations were established at three sites in northern Michigan. From 1985 through 1992, 3083 individual trees from these stands were destructively sampled to determine aboveground biomass. The root systems were excavated on a subset of these trees (975 individuals). There were no significant differences in the relationships between either above- or below-ground biomass and groundline diameter and tree height across the range of biomass (3–6720 g for aboveground biomass and 1–319 g for belowground biomass), basal diameter (0.3–10.1 cm), or height (10–417 cm) of the sampled trees. There were also no significant differences in these relationships among the three sites. Relative height growth (the ratio of total height increment in a year and the total height at the beginning of the growing season) was found to have a very well defined maximum that was a function of total height at the beginning of the growing season. This maximum relative growth rate was used to develop a new height growth index that can be used to identify precompetitive red pine that are approaching their potential height growth in field situations.

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