Mast cell heterogeneity

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Shanahan ◽  
J. A. Denburg ◽  
J. Bienenstock ◽  
A. D. Befus
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

Increasing evidence for the existence of inter- and intra-species mast cell heterogeneity has expanded the potential biological role of this cell. Early studies suggesting that mast cells at mucosal sites differ morphologically and histochemically from connective tissue mast cells have been confirmed using isolated intestinal mucosal mast cells in the rat and more recently in man. These studies also established that mucosal mast cells are functionally distinct from connective tissue mast cells. Thus, mucosal and connective tissue mast cells differ in their responsiveness to a variety of mast cell secretagogues and antiallergic agents. Speculation about the therapeutic use of antiallergic drugs in disorders involving intestinal mast cells cannot, therefore, be based on extrapolation from studies of their effects on mast cells from other sites. Regulatory mechanisms for mast cell secretion may also be heterogeneous since mucosal mast cells differ from connective tissue mast cells in their response to a variety of physiologically occurring regulatory peptides. The development of techniques to purify isolated mast cell sub-populations will facilitate future analysis of the biochemical basis of the functional heterogeneity of mast cells.

scholarly journals Immunophenotyping and functional analysis of purified human uterine mast cells

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 708-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Guo ◽  
A Kagey-Sobotka ◽  
LM Lichtenstein ◽  
BS Bochner
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Histamine Release ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Calcium Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

Abstract Human mast cells have been purified from uterine tissues, and their surface marker profile and function have been evaluated as part of ongoing studies of mast cell heterogeneity. Using a panel of antibodies, purified uterine mast cells (UMC; 81% +/- 7% purity, n = 10) were analyzed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry for surface expression of various antigens. Consistent with previous analyses of mast cells from other tissues, UMC expressed HLA class I, IgE, c-kit receptor, CD9, CD33, CD43, CD45, and CD54, while CD11a, CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD23, and CD64 were not detected. Unlike other mast cells, UMC expressed CD11c/CD18 (p150,95) and CD32 (Fc gamma RII). Additional antigens not previously studied on mast cells included the selectin LECAM-1 (Leu-8) and several beta 1 and beta 3 integrins; expression of very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) (CD49d/CD29), VLA-5 (CD49e/CD29), and the vitronectin receptor (CD51/CD61) was seen. Functional studies showed that treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with interleukin-1 (5 ng/mL for 4 hours) resulted in a twofold to threefold increase in adhesiveness for UMC. Purification procedures did not alter histamine release responses to anti-IgE or the calcium ionophore A23187, and treatment of UMC with an anti-CD32 monoclonal antibody (IV.3) did not induce histamine release or alter anti-IgE-induced release. These data suggest that UMC may possess unique phenotypic characteristics, and support the concept of mast cell heterogeneity.

Is it time for a new classification of mast cells? What do we know about mast cell heterogeneity?

2018 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Frossi ◽  
Francesca Mion ◽  
Riccardo Sibilano ◽  
Luca Danelli ◽  
Carlo E. M. Pucillo
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

scholarly journals Mast Cells and Basophils in the Defense against Ectoparasites: Efficient Degradation of Parasite Anticoagulants by the Connective Tissue Mast Cell Chymases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12627
Author(s):  
Zhirong Fu ◽  
Srinivas Akula ◽  
Anna-Karin Olsson ◽  
Jukka Kervinen ◽  
Lars Hellman
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Cathepsin G ◽  
Human Mast Cell ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cell ◽  
Tissue Mast Cell ◽  
Tick Feeding

Ticks, lice, flees, mosquitos, leeches and vampire bats need to prevent the host’s blood coagulation during their feeding process. This is primarily achieved by injecting potent anticoagulant proteins. Basophils frequently accumulate at the site of tick feeding. However, this occurs only after the second encounter with the parasite involving an adaptive immune response and IgE. To study the potential role of basophils and mast cells in the defense against ticks and other ectoparasites, we produced anticoagulant proteins from three blood-feeding animals; tick, mosquito, and leech. We tested these anticoagulant proteins for their sensitivity to inactivation by a panel of hematopoietic serine proteases. The majority of the connective tissue mast cell proteases tested, originating from humans, dogs, rats, hamsters, and opossums, efficiently cleaved these anticoagulant proteins. Interestingly, the mucosal mast cell proteases that contain closely similar cleavage specificity, had little effect on these anticoagulant proteins. Ticks have been shown to produce serpins, serine protease inhibitors, upon a blood meal that efficiently inhibit the human mast cell chymase and cathepsin G, indicating that ticks have developed a strategy to inactivate these proteases. We show here that one of these tick serpins (IRS-2) shows broad activity against the majority of the mast cell chymotryptic enzymes and the neutrophil proteases from human to opossum. However, it had no effect on the mast cell tryptases or the basophil specific protease mMCP-8. The production of anticoagulants, proteases and anti-proteases by the parasite and the host presents a fascinating example of an arms race between the blood-feeding animals and the mammalian immune system with an apparent and potent role of the connective tissue mast cell chymases in the host defense.

scholarly journals The rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, induces the development of connective tissue-type and mucosal mast cells in vivo. Analysis by anatomical distribution, histochemistry, and protease phenotype.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tsai ◽  
L S Shih ◽  
G F Newlands ◽  
T Takeishi ◽  
K E Langley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽  
Kit Ligand ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cells

Mast cell development is a complex process that results in the appearance of phenotypically distinct populations of mast cells in different anatomical sites. Mice homozygous for mutations at the W or S1 locus exhibit several phenotypic abnormalities, including a virtual absence of mast cells in all organs and tissues. Recent work indicates that W encodes the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor, whereas S1 encodes a c-kit ligand that we have designated stem cell factor (SCF). Recombinant or purified natural forms of the c-kit ligand induce proliferation of certain mast cell populations in vitro, and injection of recombinant SCF permits mast cells to develop in mast cell-deficient WCB6F1-S1/S1d mice. However, the effects of SCF on mast cell proliferation, maturation, and phenotype in normal mice in vivo were not investigated. We now report that local administration of SCF in vivo promotes the development of connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMC) in the skin of mice and that systemic administration of SCF induces the development of both CTMC and mucosal mast cells (MMC) in rats. Rats treated with SCF also develop significantly increased tissue levels of specific rat mast cell proteases (RMCP) characteristic of either CTMC (RMCP I) or MMC (RMCP II). These findings demonstrate that SCF can induce the expansion of both CTMC and MMC populations in vivo and show that SCF can regulate at least one cellular lineage that expresses c-kit, the mast cell, through complex effects on proliferation and maturation.

scholarly journals Immunophenotyping and functional analysis of purified human uterine mast cells

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 708-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Guo ◽  
A Kagey-Sobotka ◽  
LM Lichtenstein ◽  
BS Bochner
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Histamine Release ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Calcium Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity

Human mast cells have been purified from uterine tissues, and their surface marker profile and function have been evaluated as part of ongoing studies of mast cell heterogeneity. Using a panel of antibodies, purified uterine mast cells (UMC; 81% +/- 7% purity, n = 10) were analyzed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry for surface expression of various antigens. Consistent with previous analyses of mast cells from other tissues, UMC expressed HLA class I, IgE, c-kit receptor, CD9, CD33, CD43, CD45, and CD54, while CD11a, CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD23, and CD64 were not detected. Unlike other mast cells, UMC expressed CD11c/CD18 (p150,95) and CD32 (Fc gamma RII). Additional antigens not previously studied on mast cells included the selectin LECAM-1 (Leu-8) and several beta 1 and beta 3 integrins; expression of very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4) (CD49d/CD29), VLA-5 (CD49e/CD29), and the vitronectin receptor (CD51/CD61) was seen. Functional studies showed that treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with interleukin-1 (5 ng/mL for 4 hours) resulted in a twofold to threefold increase in adhesiveness for UMC. Purification procedures did not alter histamine release responses to anti-IgE or the calcium ionophore A23187, and treatment of UMC with an anti-CD32 monoclonal antibody (IV.3) did not induce histamine release or alter anti-IgE-induced release. These data suggest that UMC may possess unique phenotypic characteristics, and support the concept of mast cell heterogeneity.

Human Heart Mast Cells: A Definitive Case of Mast Cell Heterogeneity

1995 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Patella ◽  
Gennaro de Crescenzo ◽  
Anna Ciccarelli ◽  
Isabella Marinò ◽  
Monika Adt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Cell Heterogeneity ◽  
Definitive Case ◽  
Mast Cell Heterogeneity
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