NUCLEI NEAR CLOSED SHELLS N = 20 AND 28. NEW MAGIC NUMBERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 379-435
Keyword(s):  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Closed Shells

scholarly journals The search for the origin of the light nuclei Li, Be, B

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S268) ◽  
pp. 469-471
Author(s):  
Hubert Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Interaction ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Closed Shells

AbstractMy aim is to show how the abundance ratios of the light elements (6 to 11) are related to the properties of the strong nuclear interaction and, in particular, to the major influence of closed shells of neutrons and protons, (the magic numbers : 2, 8, etc) on the binding energies of the nuclei.

STRUCTURE AND INTERACTIONS OF CLUSTERS

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1092
Author(s):  
J. HAUCK ◽  
K. MIKA
Keyword(s):  
Structural Unit ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
I 11 ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Closed Shells ◽  
Long Chains

Ordered structures, which are characterized by the numbers T1 and T2 of nearest and next-nearest neighbors of the same kind in T1, T2 structure maps, can be classified in enthalpy and entropy stabilized structures. 111 three-dimensional structures MxNy with identical Ti values of all M and N particles were determined for the three-dimensional lattices. The numbers of shells were extended to i=11–18 to compare the values for closed shells with the magic numbers x and y of isotopes (M = proton , N = neutron ) or small clusters MxNy or Mx□y (□=vacancy). Electroneutral clusters were derived for 42 structures with x ≠ y. Colloidal DNA or proteins are clusters with different Ti values of each structural unit within long chains.

Structure of 294,302120 Nuclei Using the Relativistic Mean-Field Method

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 1727-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj K. Gupta ◽  
S. K. Patra ◽  
W. Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Relativistic Mean Field ◽  
Oscillator Basis ◽  
Field Formalism ◽  
Parameter Dependent ◽  
Closed Shells

We have studied the structure of superheavy nuclei 294,302120 in the framework of a relativistic mean-field formalism, using three different parameter sets (NL1, NL–SH and TM1) in an axially deformed harmonic oscillator basis. The calculated shapes are found to be parameter-dependent, e.g. NL1 parameter set predicts 302120 as a spherical and 294120 a very weakly oblate deformed nucleus whereas NL–SH and TM1 parameter sets predict both the nuclei with strongly prolate/oblate deformed configurations, in their respective ground states. This result, coupled with the calculated single-particle energy spectrum for NL1 parameter set, supports for Z=120 nuclei the spherical magic shell more at N=184 than at N=172. Even for the spherical 302120 nucleus, many new closed shells are predicted and some of the known magic numbers are found absent. Also, the binding energies of the various isotopes of Z=104–111 nuclei are calculated whose comparisons with experimental data favor the NL1 parameter set.

scholarly journals A Unified Spectro-Geometric-Ritz Method for Vibration Analysis of Open and Closed Shells with Arbitrary Boundary Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyan Shi ◽  
Yunke Zhao ◽  
Qingshan Wang ◽  
Xiaoyan Teng ◽  
Fuzhen Pang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Ritz Method ◽  
Free Vibration Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Arbitrary Boundary ◽  
Fourier Cosine ◽  
Auxiliary Functions ◽  
Arbitrary Boundary Conditions ◽  
Closed Shells

This paper presents free vibration analysis of open and closed shells with arbitrary boundary conditions using a spectro-geometric-Ritz method. In this method, regardless of the boundary conditions, each of the displacement components of open and closed shells is represented simultaneously as a standard Fourier cosine series and several auxiliary functions. The auxiliary functions are introduced to accelerate the convergence of the series expansion and eliminate all the relevant discontinuities with the displacement and its derivatives at the boundaries. The boundary conditions are modeled using the spring stiffness technique. All the expansion coefficients are treated equally and independently as the generalized coordinates and determined using Rayleigh-Ritz method. By using this method, a unified vibration analysis model for the open and closed shells with arbitrary boundary conditions can be established without the need of changing either the equations of motion or the expression of the displacement components. The reliability and accuracy of the proposed method are validated with the FEM results and those from the literature.

ISLAND-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OF Ag ON Pd(111)

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 1393-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. FISCHER ◽  
TH. FAUSTER ◽  
W. VON DER LINDEN ◽  
V. DOSE
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy Method ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Bayesian Probability ◽  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Island Size ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Image State

Island-size distributions of submonolayer Ag films on Pd(111) adsorbed at 90 K and after annealing of the film are recovered from two-photon photoemission spectra of the first image state. The inversion of the ill-conditioned problem with the maximum-entropy method reveals magic numbers in the island-size distributions. Hypothesis testing within the framework of Bayesian probability theory indicates a critical nucleus size i=1. After annealing of the film large islands coexist with small clusters in a two-phase state.

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