OPTIMAL WATER NETWORK WITH INTERNAL WATER MAINS AND ITS INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

Abstract Town of Krosno is supplied with water by 3 intakes: Sieniawa, Iskrzynia and Szczepańcowa. After the treatment water flows in water mains to the water network in Krosno. The aim of his paper is qualitative risk analysis of the water main Sieniawa failures. The consequences of the failure: pressure value in the network and its duration, were described for different conditions of failures: time of failure, water demand and water storage tanks initial filling. For simulations of pipe failure water network model made in Epanet 2 program was used. The model was verified both during operation of water network and during the failure, where field data were used. The results of the simulations are corresponding to observations made during the real failures. Negative consequences appear only after emptying the water storage tanks, it results from two features of the storage tanks: they stabilize pressure in the network and for some time can provide water to the network. The time of emptying the storage tanks varies according to water demand their initial filling, it is at least 3 hours. During this time the are no sign of failure. When the storage tanks are empty reduction of pressure an shortage of water are observed on prevailing area of Krosno.

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Tools to monitor corrosion of cement-containing water mains

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2004.0082 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 33-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P.G.G. Slaats ◽

G.A.M. Mesman ◽

L.P.M. Rosenthal ◽

H. Brink

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Large Scale ◽

Water Network ◽

Asbestos Cement ◽

Water Mains ◽

Water Companies ◽

Pipe Replacement ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Insight Into

Approximately 40,000 km of the drinking water network in The Netherlands consists of asbestos cement water pipes. The number of fractures in these pipes has increased greatly in recent years. This is due to corrosion of the asbestos cement (AC) which affects the condition of the pipe. Every time a fracture occurs, the question is raised of whether the pipe in question has to be replaced or repaired. A relatively simple destructive technique and non-destructive tests are used on a large scale to assess the condition of the AC pipes in use. Not only is corrosion detrimental to the pipes themselves, it also influences the water quality. Corrosion of the inner walls of cement-containing pipes involves the leaching of hydroxides. This causes pH changes resulting in scaling in water mains and domestic installations. Monitoring techniques have been developed to determine the effects of leaching on water quality. The large-scale use of the relatively simple techniques at water companies increases insight into the condition of the drinking water network, the life expectancy of the pipes and the effects of corrosion on the water quality. Applying these techniques enables those involved to make decisions on pipe replacement and to provide solutions for reducing the effects of leaching.

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