Expeditions for the observation in Sobral, Brazil, of the May 29, 1919 total solar eclipse

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1843004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís C. B. Crispino
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Atmospheric Electricity ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Carnegie Institution ◽  
National Observatory ◽  
Light Rays

I report on the three expeditions organized to observe, in the Brazilian State of Ceará, the total solar eclipse on May 29, 1919. Apart from the well-known British expedition, which aimed to perform measurements of the bending of stellar light rays passing near the Sun, resulting in the confirmation of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity, there were two other expeditions in that occasion. One has been a Brazilian expedition, organized by the National Observatory, with the aim of studying the solar corona. The other has been a North-American expedition, organized by the Carnegie Institution, aiming to perform measurements related to terrestrial magnetism and atmospheric electricity.

scholarly journals Polarization of white-light solar corona and sky polarization effect during total solar eclipse on March 29, 2006

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Merzlyakov ◽  
Ts. Tsvetkov ◽  
L. Starkova ◽  
R. Miteva
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
White Light ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Polarization Effect ◽  
Thomson Scattering ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Eclipse Observations

Ground-based total solar eclipse observations are still the key method for coronal investigations. The question about its white-light degree of polarization remains unanswered. There are hypotheses claiming that the degree of polarization in certain regions of the corona may be higher than the maximal theoretically predicted value determined by Thomson scattering. We present polarization of the white-light solar corona observations obtained by three different teams during the March 29, 2006 solar total eclipse. We give an interpretation on how the polarization of the sky impacts brightness of the polarized solar corona, depending on the landscape during the totality. Moreover, it is shown that the singular polarization points of the corona are in linear dependence with the height of the Sun above the horizon.

scholarly journals XXXIV.—On the Total Solar Eclipse of 1851

1853 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
C. Piazzi Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Total Eclipse ◽  
Crucial Test

Eclipses are still, as they have ever been, very important phenomena for the astronomical observer; partly on account of the crucial test which they afford for the examination of the truth of the theory and calculation of the motions, real and apparent, of the Sun and Moon, partly also for the special opportunities which they furnish of inquiring into some of the arcana of the physical characteristics of those bodies.For the former purpose, a partial eclipse will serve almost as well as a total one; while the continued improvement of the observation of meridian passages is now raising these daily measures fully to the importance of the other occasional phenomena, as a test of the theory. But for inquiry into the physics of the Sun, a perfectly total eclipse of that body is necessary; revelations may then happily be procured, which no observation of any other phenomena at any other time, can hope to afford any suspicion of.

scholarly journals III. On a method of photographing the solar corona without an eclipse

1883 ◽  
Vol 34 (220-223) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Continuous Spectrum ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Prominences

Problems of the highest interest in the physics of our sun are connected, doubtless, with the varying forms which the coronal light is known to assume, but these would seem to admit of solution only on the condition of its being possible to study the corona continuously, and so to be able to confront its changes with the other variable phenomena which the sun presents. "Unless some means be found," says Professor C. A. Young, “for bringing out the structures round the sun which are hidden by the glare of our atmosphere, the progress of our knowledge must be very slow, for the corona is visible only about eight days in a century, in the aggregate, and then only over narrow stripes on the earth’s surface, and but from one to five minutes at a time by any one observer." The spectroscopic method of viewing the solar prominences fails because a large part of the coronal light gives a continuous spectrum'. The successful photograph of the spectrum of the corona taken in Egypt, with an instrument provided with a slit, under the super­intendence of Professor Schuster during the solar eclipse of May 17 1882, shows that the coronal light as a whole, that is the part which gives a continuous spectrum, as well as the other part of the light which may be resolved into bright lines, is very strong in the region of the spectrum extending from about G to H. It appeared to me, therefore, very probable that by making exclusive use of this portion of the spectrum it might be possible under certain conditions, about to be described, to photograph the corona without an eclipse.

FeXIV Line Emission Polarization of the July 11, 1991 Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
J. Sýkora ◽  
J. Rybák ◽  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Emission Line ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
White Light ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
High Resolution Images

AbstractHigh resolution images, obtained during July 11, 1991 total solar eclipse, allowed us to estimate the degree of solar corona polarization in the light of FeXIV 530.3 nm emission line and in the white light, as well. Very preliminary analysis reveals remarkable differences in the degree of polarization for both sets of data, particularly as for level of polarization and its distribution around the Sun’s limb.

scholarly journals Observations of the solar corona during the total solar eclipse on 21 August 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Tian ◽  
◽  
ZhongQuan Qu ◽  
YaJie Chen ◽  
LinHua Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse

scholarly journals Gamma Astrometric Measurement Experiment: testing General Relativity with a small mission

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S248) ◽  
pp. 290-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vecchiato ◽  
M. G. Lattanzi ◽  
M. Gai ◽  
R. Morbidelli
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Measurement Experiment ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Bending Of Light

AbstractGAME (Gamma Astrometric Measurement Experiment) is a concept for an experiment whose goal is to measure from space the γ parameter of the Parameterized Post-Newtonian formalism, by means of a satellite orbiting at 1 AU from the Sun and looking as close as possible to its limb. This technique resembles the one used during the solar eclipse of 1919, when Dyson, Eddington and collaborators measured for the first time the gravitational bending of light. Simple estimations suggest that, possibly within the budget of a small mission, one could reach the 10−6level of accuracy with ~106observations of relatively bright stars at about 2° apart from the Sun. Further simulations show that this result could be reached with only 20 days of measurements on stars ofV≤ 17 uniformly distributed. A quick look at real star densities suggests that this result could be greatly improved by observing particularly crowded regions near the galactic center.

Polarization neutral point pairs of the solar corona and the lunar disc observed during the total solar eclipse on 11 August 1999 in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (13) ◽  
pp. 3609
Author(s):  
Gábor Horváth ◽  
Judit Slíz-Balogh ◽  
István Pomozi ◽  
György Kriska
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Neutral Point

scholarly journals Public Information Project of the Total Solar Eclipse of November 3, 1994 in Paraná State, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
R.H. Trevisan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Science Classroom ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
Information Project

This project had two principal objectives: to communicate safe methods to observe the Sun, so as to prevent ophthalmological accidents to people during the total solar eclipse of 3rd November 1994, and to collaborate with the primary school teachers in the science classroom, illustrating the classes, motivating the students to observe sky phenomena.In January 1993, a commission called “ECLIPSE 94“Executive Commission, of the Brazilian Astronomical Society was created to coordinate assistance with arrangements for observing the total solar eclipse of 3rd November 1994, that in Brazil was total in the western part of Paraná State, in Santa Catarina State and in a Rio Grande do Sul zone. Professional astronomers from Brazil and from several parts of the world were mobilized to observe this eclipse.

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