DEFORMATIONS OF MULTIPOLARITY SIX AT THE SADDLE POINT OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. SHVEDOV ◽  
S. G. ROHOZIŃSKI ◽  
M. KOWAL ◽  
S. BELCHIKOV ◽  
A. SOBICZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
General Type ◽  
Superheavy Nucleus ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Point Configuration ◽  
Independent Parameters

Saddle-point configuration of heaviest nuclei is studied in a multidimensional deformation space. Main attention is given to the role of the deformation of multipolarity six of a general type, described by four independent parameters. The dependence of the potential energy of a superheavy nucleus on these parameters at the saddle-point configuration is illustrated. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach.

ROLE OF HIGHER-MULTIPOLARITY DEFORMATIONS IN THE POTENTIAL ENERGY OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KOWAL ◽  
A. SOBICZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
General Feature ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Deformation Parameter ◽  
Superheavy Nucleus ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Deformation Parameters ◽  
6 Degrees Of Freedom

Potential energy of the superheavy nucleus 284114 is analyzed in a 6-dimensional deformation space. This space includes two quadrupole, three hexadecapole and one multipolarity-6 deformation parameter. The energy is minimized simultaneously in all 6 degrees of freedom. The analysis is done within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. As in the studies of other superheavy nuclei, the result is found to be very individual for a given nucleus. A more general feature is a small effect of one (γ4) of the hexadecapole deformation parameters on the energy of the nucleus.

SADDLE-POINT SHAPES OF HEAVY AND SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SOBICZEWSKI ◽  
M. KOWAL ◽  
L. SHVEDOV
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
Large Deformation ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Neutron Number ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Heavy And Superheavy Nuclei

The potential energy of the heaviest nuclei is analyzed in a large deformation space. The main attention is given to shapes of these nuclei at their saddle point and to the comparison of these shapes with those at the ground state. The shapes are analyzed in a 10-dimensional deformation space. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. Even-even nuclei with proton number 98 ≤ Z ≤ 126 and neutron number 138 ≤ N ≤ 194 are considered.

PROPERTIES OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI AT THE SADDLE-POINT CONFIGURATION

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1055-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SOBICZEWSKI ◽  
P. JACHIMOWICZ ◽  
M. KOWAL
Keyword(s):  
Saddle Point ◽  
Neutron Number ◽  
Shell Correction ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Point Configuration ◽  
Heavy And Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Large Shell

Properties of heaviest nuclei at their saddle point are studied in a multidimensional deformation space. The main attention is given to deformation and the shell correction to energy of the nuclei at this point. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. A 10-dimensional deformation space is used. A large number of about 300 even-even heavy and superheavy nuclei with proton number 98 ≤ Z ≤ 126 and neutron number 134 ≤ N ≤ 192 are considered. Detailed results are illustrated for nuclei of the element 120. A large shell correction (up to about 7 MeV) is found for these nuclei. For most of them, the correction is larger than the height of the barrier, itself, as the macroscopic contribution to this height is negative.

ROLE OF THE NON-AXIAL OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION IN THE POTENTIAL ENERGY OF HEAVY NUCLEI

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. JACHIMOWICZ ◽  
M. KOWAL ◽  
P. ROZMEJ ◽  
J. SKALSKI ◽  
A. SOBICZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Large Deformation ◽  
Neutron Number ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Heavy Nuclei ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Octupole Deformation

Role of the non-axial octupole deformation a32(Y32 + Y3-2) on the potential energy of heavy nuclei is studied in a large deformation space. The study is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. A large region of nuclei with proton number 88 ≤ Z ≤ 112 and neutron number 128 ≤ N ≤ 156 is considered. It is found that while the a32 deformation alone lowers the energy of the nuclei by up to about 3 MeV (for nuclei around 238 Fm ), it has practically no effect on the global energy minima of considered nuclei, when the analysis is done in a large space.

ROLE OF HIGHER MULTIPOLARITY DEFORMATIONS IN THE FISSION-BARRIER HEIGHT OF A SPHERICAL SUPERHEAVY NUCLEUS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. MUNTIAN ◽  
A. SOBICZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Height ◽  
Superheavy Nucleus ◽  
Spherical Nucleus ◽  
Fission Barrier ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach

Role of the dimension of deformation space used in calculations of the (static) fission-barrier height [Formula: see text] is analyzed for a spherical nucleus. The superheavy nucleus 294116 is taken for the analysis. The study is done within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. It is found that the barrier height [Formula: see text] importantly decreases with increasing dimension of the space.

SADDLE-POINT SHELL EFFECTS OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KOWAL ◽  
L. SHVEDOV ◽  
A. SOBICZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Shell Correction ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Shell Effects ◽  
State Point

The shell correction to the potential energy of heaviest nuclei is studied in a multidimensional deformation space. The correction is calculated at the saddle point of the nuclei and compared with that obtained at the equilibrium (ground state) point. Although generally much smaller than at the equilibrium point, the correction at the saddle point is still found to be large and significant. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach.

EFFECT OF NON-AXIAL DEFORMATIONS OF HIGHER MULTIPOLARITY ON THE FISSION-BARRIER HEIGHT OF HEAVIEST NUCLEI

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SOBICZEWSKI ◽  
P. JACHIMOWICZ ◽  
M. KOWAL
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Height ◽  
Neutron Number ◽  
Fission Barrier ◽  
Superheavy Nuclei ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Proton Number ◽  
Heavy And Superheavy Nuclei

The static fission-barrier height [Formula: see text] of heaviest nuclei is studied in a multidimensional deformation space. The main attention is given to the effect of the hexadecapole non-axial shapes on [Formula: see text]. The analysis is performed within a macroscopic-microscopic approach. A 10-dimensional deformation space is used. A large number of about 300 even-even heavy and superheavy nuclei with proton number 98 ≤ Z ≤ 126 and neutron number 134 ≤ N ≤ 192 are considered. It is found that the inclusion of the non-axial hexadecapole shapes lowers the barrier by up to about 1.5 MeV.

Phase transition at N = 92 in 158Dy

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1650076 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Potential Energy Surface ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Shape Phase Transition

Beyond the shape phase transition from the spherical vibrator to the deformed rotor regime at [Formula: see text], the interplay of [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-degrees of freedom becomes important, which affects the relative positions of the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-bands. In the microscopic approach of the dynamic pairing plus quadrupole model, a correlation of the strength of the quadrupole force and the formation of the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-bands in [Formula: see text]Dy is described. The role of the potential energy surface is illustrated. The [Formula: see text] transition rates in the lower three [Formula: see text]-bands and the multi-phonon bands with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are well reproduced. The absolute [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] serves as a good measure of the quadrupole strength. The role of the single particle Nilsson orbits is also described.

Nonaxial hexadecapole deformation effects on the fission barrier

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650047 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kardan ◽  
S. Nejati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Nucleus ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Fission Barrier ◽  
Deformation Space ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Barrier Heights ◽  
Deformation Parameters

Fission barrier of the heavy nucleus [Formula: see text]Cf is analyzed in a multi-dimensional deformation space. This space includes two quadrupole ([Formula: see text]) and three hexadecapole deformation ([Formula: see text]) parameters. The analysis is performed within an unpaired macroscopic–microscopic approach. Special attention is given to the effects of the axial and non-axial hexadecapole deformation shapes. It is found that the inclusion of the nonaxial hexadecapole shapes does not change the fission barrier heights, so it should be sufficient to minimize the energy in only one degree of freedom in the hexadecapole space [Formula: see text]. The role of hexadecapole deformation parameters is also discussed on the Lublin–Strasbourg drop (LSD) macroscopic and the Strutinsky shell energies.

HISTORIAN ON SOCIAL NETWORKS: SOME METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Vasily Syrov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
And Function

The article discusses some of the research findings related to the topic of the place and function of histori-ans on social networks. The main attention is paid to identifying the role of web technologies in the con-ventional practices of creating historical knowledge creation of historical knowledge. It is emphasized that the thesis about blurring the boundaries between the professional community and users in general does not mean rejection of the recognition of the decisive role of the professional community in the production of knowledge. The ways and methods of historians' actions in social networks and their advantages over traditional methods of knowledge production are revealed.

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