HISTORIAN ON SOCIAL NETWORKS: SOME METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Vasily Syrov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
And Function

The article discusses some of the research findings related to the topic of the place and function of histori-ans on social networks. The main attention is paid to identifying the role of web technologies in the con-ventional practices of creating historical knowledge creation of historical knowledge. It is emphasized that the thesis about blurring the boundaries between the professional community and users in general does not mean rejection of the recognition of the decisive role of the professional community in the production of knowledge. The ways and methods of historians' actions in social networks and their advantages over traditional methods of knowledge production are revealed.

CD38 as an immunomodulator in cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (34) ◽  
pp. 2853-2861
Author(s):  
Yanli Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Limo Chen ◽  
Sufang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Transmembrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Cell Activation Marker ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function ◽  
Human Molecule

CD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is widely expressed in a variety of human tissues and cells, especially those in the immune system. CD38 protein was previously considered as a cell activation marker, and today monoclonal antibodies targeting CD38 have witnessed great achievements in multiple myeloma and promoted researchers to conduct research on other tumors. In this review, we provide a wide-ranging review of the biology and function of the human molecule outside the field of myeloma. We focus mainly on current research findings to summarize and update the findings gathered from diverse areas of study. Based on these findings, we attempt to extend the role of CD38 in the context of therapy of solid tumors and expand the role of the molecule from a simple marker to an immunomodulator.

scholarly journals A nanobody-based molecular toolkit provides new mechanistic insight into clathrin-coat initiation

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linton M Traub
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Early Endosomes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Complementarity Determining Region

Besides AP-2 and clathrin triskelia, clathrin coat inception depends on a group of early-arriving proteins including Fcho1/2 and Eps15/R. Using genome-edited cells, we described the role of the unstructured Fcho linker in stable AP-2 membrane deposition. Here, expanding this strategy in combination with a new set of llama nanobodies against EPS15 shows an FCHO1/2–EPS15/R partnership plays a decisive role in coat initiation. A nanobody containing an Asn-Pro-Phe peptide within the complementarity-determining region 3 loop is a function-blocking pseudoligand for tandem EPS15/R EH domains. Yet, in living cells, EH domains gathered at clathrin-coated structures are poorly accessible, indicating residence by endogenous NPF-bearing partners. Forcibly sequestering cytosolic EPS15 in genome-edited cells with nanobodies tethered to early endosomes or mitochondria changes the subcellular location and availability of EPS15. This combined approach has strong effects on clathrin coat structure and function by dictating the stability of AP-2 assemblies at the plasma membrane.

Early-life nutritional programming of longevity

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Vaiserman
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Nutritional Programming ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
And Function

Available data from both experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that inadequate diet in early life can permanently change the structure and function of specific organs or homoeostatic pathways, thereby ‘programming’ the individual’s health status and longevity. Sufficient evidence has accumulated showing significant impact of epigenetic regulation mechanisms in nutritional programming phenomenon. The essential role of early-life diet in the development of aging-related chronic diseases is well established and described in many scientific publications. However, the programming effects on lifespan have not been extensively reviewed systematically. The aim of the review is to provide a summary of research findings and theoretical explanations that indicate that longevity can be influenced by early nutrition.

scholarly journals The role of cognitive and affective flexibility in individual differences in the experience of experimentally induced heat pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 204380872110184
Author(s):  
Astrid Meesters ◽  
Linda M. G. Vancleef ◽  
Madelon L. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Pain Outcome ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Prolonged Pain ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Adaptation to the context in which we experience pain requires cognitive flexibility (CF) and affective flexibility (AF). Deficits in both flexibility types may be precursors of more intense and prolonged pain. This study aimed to examine the relation between CF and AF, and the experience of experimentally induced pain. Furthermore, correlations between behavioral and self-report measures of flexibility were explored. CF and AF were assessed with task-switching paradigms, using neutral (numbers ranging from 1 to 9, excluding 5) or affective stimuli (positive and negative pictures), respectively. Pain sensitivity measures, such as pain threshold (°C), pain tolerance (°C), and retrospective pain experience ratings (Visual Analog Scale) were assessed for an experimentally induced heat pain stimulus. Self-reported CF was measured with a questionnaire. Results demonstrated no associations between the flexibility constructs and any of the pain outcome measures. Correlations between the behavioral and self-report measures of CF were absent or weak at best. Current results are discussed against the background of methodological considerations and prior empirical research findings, suggesting the contribution of AF in especially the recovery from pain.

Deriving Psychodynamics Among Consumers Through Social Media

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
Natasha Patricia Bojorges Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
A Company ◽  
Online Consumer Behaviour

Despite an increasing interest in understanding consumer behaviour through social media, there is paucity of research concerning psychodynamics among consumers derived by online social networks in emerging economies. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of vloggers (video bloggers) as key network performers to derive consumer psychodynamics (consumers' interactions reflected in a company) through social media, specifically YouTube, through the lens of the experiential view and the Social Network Theory. This work will contribute to the extant literature by determining (1) the relevance of the experiential view approach in online social networks' performance, (2) how psychodynamics among consumers are conducted through social media, specifically YouTube, and (3) how key network performers as YouTube's vloggers derive psychodynamics among consumers. Using an inductive approach and grounded theory to analyse the results, the research findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of online consumer behaviour, therefore, yields more valuable information by examining the experiential view in a digital environment.

scholarly journals The Foundation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia in 1991

2017 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Anatolii Demeshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Territorial Defense ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

In this article the author regards a history of creating and organizing the regular Armed Forces of Croatian Republic in 1991. The main attention is focused on a land army – the Croatian Army, which was formed in September 1991 on the basis of the National Guard, Territorial defense and different volunteer formations united. The focus has been made on a decisive role of the land forces during the war in Croatia in 1991-1995. The warfare spectrum has been almost entirely overland. However, creating the Croatian navy and air forces has also been shortly described in the article, although the role thereof has been rather insignificant, especially in 1991. Also the article deals with the issue of the Croatian special police forces which played an important role in all the periods of war in Croatia (1991-1995). The issues of Croatian forces’ material provision, ways of armament, their organizational structure and military quality have been analyzed. The course of the Croatian regular army’s forming has been overviewed in chronological and logical sequence. It is concluded that the matter and outcomes of own armed forces’ building by Croatia during its war for independence has been crucial. It is argued that the effective Croatian government’s decisions in a domain of the armed forces in 1991 significantly assisted Croatia to win the war in 1995. The article is based mostly on the Croatian and English academiic and op-ed literature and sources.

scholarly journals Application of Mathematical Methods in Solving Practical Problems of Environmental Protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Rusudan Managadze ◽  
◽  
Vera Abzianidze ◽  
Dimitri Abzianidze ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of The Environment

The authors of this article considered the question of the effectiveness of the application of mathematical methods in the analysis of ecological processes in the fourth issue of this journal for 2018. In the proposed article, the authors continue to develop this idea, considering the interaction of a person with the environment this time. The authors’ main attention is focused on showing the important role of mathematics in human interaction with the environment. It is known that anthropogenic objects (settlements, various industrial enterprises, transport, etc.), as a result of their functioning, have different kinds of effects on a person. To study these processes, there is a need for the development of sciences in order to predict the state of the environment and manage the processes of ecological balance in the geological environment, between nature and the technosphere (technogenic activities of people). Mathematicians play a decisive role in the study of these processes. However, the subject of research is invariably difficult, because the study requires the unification of interrelated processes of the most diverse nature. Note that the organization of these studies is very difficult, because the study of the anthropogenic influence of man on the environment requires combining the activities of a number of specialists in various fields. A specialist-interpreter, capable of creating a common language of research in these conditions, turns out to be a mathematician. Thus, mathematical theories arose naturally in the process of studying the surrounding world; mathematical theories are an essential part of our understanding of the world.

Scanning electron microscopic study of collagen fibrillogenesis and extracellular compartmentalization in the chick embryo tendon

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Grace C.H. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Extracellular Space ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
And Function

The size and organization of collagen fibrils in the extracellular matrix is an important determinant of tissue structure and function. The synthesis and deposition of collagen involves multiple steps which begin within the cell and continue in the extracellular space. High-voltage electron microscopic studies of the chick embryo cornea and tendon suggested that the extracellular space is compartmentalized by the fibroblasts for the regulation of collagen fibril, bundle, and tissue specific macroaggregate formation. The purpose of this study is to gather direct evidence regarding the association of the fibroblast cell surface with newly formed collagen fibrils, and to define the role of the fibroblast in the control and the precise positioning of collagen fibrils, bundles, and macroaggregates during chick tendon development.

Role of the Cilia Membrane in Control of Microtubule Sliding

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 612-615
Author(s):  
Edna S. Kaneshiro
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Ciliary Membrane ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Ciliary Reversal ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Reversal Mechanism ◽  
And Function

It is currently believed that ciliary beating results from microtubule sliding which is restricted in regions to cause bending. Cilia beat can be modified to bring about changes in beat frequency, cessation of beat and reversal in beat direction. In ciliated protozoans these modifications which determine swimming behavior have been shown to be related to intracellular (intraciliary) Ca2+ concentrations. The Ca2+ levels are in turn governed by the surface ciliary membrane which exhibits increased Ca2+ conductance (permeability) in response to depolarization. Mutants with altered behaviors have been isolated. Pawn mutants fail to exhibit reversal of the effective stroke of ciliary beat and therefore cannot swim backward. They lack the increased inward Ca2+ current in response to depolarizing stimuli. Both normal and pawn Paramecium made leaky to Ca2+ by Triton extrac¬tion of the surface membrane exhibit backward swimming only in reactivating solutions containing greater than IO-6 M Ca2+ Thus in pawns the ciliary reversal mechanism itself is left operational and only the control mechanism at the membrane is affected. The topographic location of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels has been identified as a component of the ciliary mem¬brane since the inward Ca2+ conductance response is eliminated by deciliation and the return of the response occurs during cilia regeneration. Since the ciliary membrane has been impli¬cated in the control of Ca2+ levels in the cilium and therefore is the site of at least one kind of control of microtubule sliding, we have focused our attention on understanding the structure and function of the membrane.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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