scholarly journals Quantitative properties of the non-properness set of a polynomial map, a positive characteristic case

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050192
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Jelonek ◽  
Michał Lasoń
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Positive Characteristic ◽  
Manuscripta Math ◽  
Geometric Proof ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Affine Spaces ◽  
Polynomial Curves ◽  
Polynomial Map ◽  
Characteristic Case ◽  
Quantitative Properties

Let [Formula: see text] be a generically finite polynomial map of degree [Formula: see text] between affine spaces. In [Z. Jelonek and M. Lasoń, Quantitative properties of the non-properness set of a polynomial map, Manuscripta Math. 156(3–4) (2018) 383–397] we proved that if [Formula: see text] is the field of complex or real numbers, then the set [Formula: see text] of points at which [Formula: see text] is not proper is covered by polynomial curves of degree at most [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we generalize this result to positive characteristic. We provide a geometric proof of an upper bound by [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals Non-defectivity of Grassmannian bundles over a curve

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1640002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insong Choe ◽  
George H. Hitching
Keyword(s):  
Vector Bundles ◽  
Manuscripta Math ◽  
Maximal Degree ◽  
Geometric Proof ◽  
Secant Varieties ◽  
Grassmann Bundle ◽  
Positive Rank

Let [Formula: see text] be the Grassmann bundle of two-planes associated to a general bundle [Formula: see text] over a curve [Formula: see text]. We prove that an embedding of [Formula: see text] by a certain twist of the relative Plücker map is not secant defective. This yields a new and more geometric proof of the Hirschowitz-type bound on the isotropic Segre invariant for maximal isotropic sub-bundles of orthogonal bundles over [Formula: see text], analogous to those given for vector bundles and symplectic bundles in [I. Choe and G. H. Hitching, Secant varieties and Hirschowitz bound on vector bundles over a curve, Manuscripta Math. 133 (2010) 465–477, I. Choe and G. H. Hitching, Lagrangian sub-bundles of symplectic vector bundles over a curve, Math. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc. 153 (2012) 193–214]. From the non-defectivity, we also deduce an interesting feature of a general orthogonal bundle of even rank over [Formula: see text], contrasting with the classical and symplectic cases: a general maximal isotropic sub-bundle of maximal degree intersects at least one other such sub-bundle in positive rank.

scholarly journals The string of diamonds is nearly tight for rumour spreading

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
Omer Angel ◽  
Abbas Mehrabian ◽  
Yuval Peres
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Vertex Graph ◽  
First Time

AbstarctFor a rumour spreading protocol, the spread time is defined as the first time everyone learns the rumour. We compare the synchronous push&pull rumour spreading protocol with its asynchronous variant, and show that for any n-vertex graph and any starting vertex, the ratio between their expected spread times is bounded by $O({n^{1/3}}{\log ^{2/3}}n)$. This improves the $O(\sqrt n)$ upper bound of Giakkoupis, Nazari and Woelfel (2016). Our bound is tight up to a factor of O(log n), as illustrated by the string of diamonds graph. We also show that if, for a pair α, β of real numbers, there exist infinitely many graphs for which the two spread times are nα and nβ in expectation, then $0 \le \alpha \le 1$ and $\alpha \le \beta \le {1 \over 3} + {2 \over 3} \alpha $; and we show each such pair α, β is achievable.

On Spectral Properties of Matrices with Positive Characteristic Vectors

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1332-1343
Author(s):  
Kulendra N. Majindar
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Positive Characteristic ◽  
Real Numbers

Unless stated otherwise, all our matrices (denoted by capital letters) are square matrices of size n × n and composed of real numbers. A' denotes the transpose of A. The characteristic or eigenvectors of matrices are written as column vectors having n coordinates. If ζ is a vector, ζ’ denotes its transpose.

scholarly journals On algebra with universal finite module of differentials

1981 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Yamauchi
Keyword(s):  
Local Ring ◽  
Positive Characteristic ◽  
Regularity Theorem ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Finite Module ◽  
Characteristic Case ◽  
Differential Modules ◽  
Module Of Differentials

Let k be a field and A a noetherian k-algebra. In this note, we shall study the universal finite module of differentials of A over k, which is denoted by Dk(A). When the characteristic of k is zero, detailed results have been obtained by Scheja and Storch [8]. So we shall treat the positive characteristic case. In § 1, we shall study differential modules of a local ring over subfields. We obtain a criterion of regularity (Theorem (1.14)). In § 2, we shall study the formal fibres and regular locus of A with Dk(A). Our main result is Theorem (2.1) which shows that, if Dk(A) exists, then A is a universally catenary G-ring under a certain assumption. In the local case, this is a generalization of Matsumura’s theorem ([5] Theorem 15), where regularity of A is assumed.

The Heine-Borel theorem in extended basic logic

1949 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic B. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Fundamental Theorem ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Basic Logic ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Consistent Theory

A demonstrably consistent theory of real numbers has been outlined by the writer in An extension of basic logic1 (hereafter referred to as EBL). This theory deals with non-negative real numbers, but it could be easily modified to deal with negative real numbers also. It was shown that the theory was adequate for proving a form of the fundamental theorem on least upper bounds and greatest lower bounds. More precisely, the following results were obtained in the terminology of EBL: If С is a class of U-reals and is completely represented in Κ′ and if some U-real is an upper bound of С, then there is a U-real which is a least upper bound of С. If D is a class of (U-reals and is completely represented in Κ′, then there is a U-real which is a greatest lower bound of D.

scholarly journals A GEOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE UPPER BOUND FOR THE SPAN OF THE JONES POLYNOMIAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 1059-1071
Author(s):  
JUAN GONZÁLEZ-MENESES ◽  
PEDRO M. G. MANCHÓN
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Geometric Proof ◽  
Link Diagram ◽  
Closed Curves ◽  
Number Of Faces ◽  
Alternating Links ◽  
Connected Diagram

Let D be a link diagram with n crossings, sA and sB be its extreme states and |sAD| (respectively, |sBD|) be the number of simple closed curves that appear when smoothing D according to sA (respectively, sB). We give a general formula for the sum |sAD| + |sBD| for a k-almost alternating diagram D, for any k, characterizing this sum as the number of faces in an appropriate triangulation of an appropriate surface with boundary. When D is dealternator connected, the triangulation is especially simple, yielding |sAD| + |sBD| = n + 2 - 2k. This gives a simple geometric proof of the upper bound of the span of the Jones polynomial for dealternator connected diagrams, a result first obtained by Zhu [On Kauffman brackets, J. Knot Theory Ramifications6(1) (1997) 125–148.]. Another upper bound of the span of the Jones polynomial for dealternator connected and dealternator reduced diagrams, discovered historically first by Adams et al. [Almost alternating links, Topology Appl.46(2) (1992) 151–165.], is obtained as a corollary. As a new application, we prove that the Turaev genus is equal to the number k of dealternator crossings for any dealternator connected diagram.

Set-theoretical basis for real numbers

1950 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Full Generality ◽  
Ordered Field ◽  
Other Hand

In [1] we have considered a certain system L and shown that although its axioms are considerably weaker than those of [2], it suffices for purposes of the topics covered in [2]. The purpose of the present paper is to consider the system L more carefully and to show that with suitably chosen definitions for numbers, the ordinary theory of real numbers is also obtainable in it. For this purpose, we shall indicate that we can prove in L a certain set of twenty axioms used by Tarski which are sufficient for the arithmetic of real numbers and are to the effect that real numbers form a complete ordered field. Indeed, we cannot prove in L all Tarski's twenty axioms in their full generality. One of them, stating in effect that every bounded class of real numbers possesses a least upper bound, can only be proved as a metatheorem which states that every bounded nameable class of real numbers possesses a least upper bound. However, all the other nineteen axioms can be proved in L without any modification.This result may be of some interest because the axioms of L are considerably weaker than those commonly employed for the same purpose. In L variables need to take as values only classes each of whose members has no more than two members. In other words, only classes each with no more than two members are to be elements. On the other hand, it is usual to assume for the purpose of natural arithmetic that all finite classes are elements, and, for the purpose of real arithmetic, that all enumerable classes are elements.

RESIDUAL PROPERTIES OF FREE PRO-P GROUPS

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
YIFTACH BARNEA
Keyword(s):  
Positive Characteristic ◽  
Congruence Subgroup ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Algebraic Groups ◽  
Local Fields ◽  
Random Generation ◽  
Zero Characteristic ◽  
Residual Properties ◽  
Characteristic Case ◽  
Lie Methods

Recall that if S is a class of groups, then a group G is residually-S if, for any element 1 ≠ g ∈ G, there is a normal subgroup N of G such that g ∉ N and G/N ∈ S. Let Λ be a commutative Noetherian local pro-p ring, with a maximal ideal M. Recall that the first congruence subgroup of SLd(Λ) is: SL1d(Λ) = ker (SLd(Λ) → SLd(Λ/M)).Let K ⊆ ℕ. We define SΛ(K) = ∪d∈K{open subgroups of SL1d(Λ)}. We show that if K is infinite, then for Λ = [ ]p[[t]] and for Λ = ℤp a finitely generated non-abelian free pro-p group is residually-SΛ(K). We apply a probabilistic method, combined with Lie methods and a result on random generation in simple algebraic groups over local fields. It is surprising that the case of zero characteristic is deduced from the positive characteristic case.

scholarly journals Quantitative properties of the non-properness set of a polynomial map

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Jelonek ◽  
Michał Lasoń
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Map ◽  
Quantitative Properties
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