Safe Human–Robot Interaction in Medical Robotics: A case study on Robotic Fracture Surgery System

2017 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 1740008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Georgilas ◽  
Giulio Dagnino ◽  
Sanja Dogramadzi
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
System Design ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Medical Robotics ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Fracture Surgery

This paper presents a safety analysis of a Robotic Fracture Surgery System using the Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA). It focuses particularly on hazards caused by the human in the loop. The robotic system and operating staff are modeled including information flow between different components of the system. The analysis has generated a set of requirements for the system design that can ultimately mitigate the identified hazards, as well as a preliminary set of human factors that can improve safety.

Trust-Based Runtime Verification for Multi-Quad-Rotor Motion Planning With a Human-in-the-Loop

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Fooladi Mahani ◽  
Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Runtime Verification ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Trust Inference ◽  
Robot Systems

In this paper, we propose a trust-based runtime verification (RV) framework for deploying multiple quad-rotors with a human-in-the-loop (HIL). By bringing together approaches from runtime verification, trust-based decision-making, human-robot interaction (HRI), and hybrid systems, we develop a unified framework that is capable of integrating human cognitive skills with autonomous capabilities of multi-robot systems to improve system performance and maximize the intuitiveness of the human-robot-interaction. On top of the RV framework, we utilize a probabilistic trust inference model as the key component in forming the HRI, designed to maintain the system performance. A violation avoidance controller is designed to account for the unexpected/unmodeled environment behaviors e.g. collision with static/moving obstacles. We also use the automata theoretic approaches to generate motion plans for the quad-rotors working in a partially-known environment by automatic synthesis of controllers enforcing specifications given in temporal logic languages. Finally, we illustrated the effectiveness of this framework as well as its feasibility through a simulated case study.

Human–Robot Interaction: When Investors Adjust the Usage of Robo-Advisors in Peer-to-Peer Lending

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyi Ge ◽  
Zhiqiang (Eric) Zheng ◽  
Xuan Tian ◽  
Li Liao
Keyword(s):  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Peer Lending ◽  
Advising Services

We study the human–robot interaction of financial-advising services in peer-to-peer lending (P2P). Many crowdfunding platforms have started using robo-advisors to help lenders augment their intelligence in P2P loan investments. Collaborating with one of the leading P2P companies, we examine how investors use robo-advisors and how the human adjustment of robo-advisor usage affects investment performance. Our analyses show that, somewhat surprisingly, investors who need more help from robo-advisors—that is, those encountered more defaults in their manual investing—are less likely to adopt such services. Investors tend to adjust their usage of the service in reaction to recent robo-advisor performance. However, interestingly, these human-in-the-loop interferences often lead to inferior performance.

scholarly journals Turn-Taking Based on Information Flow for Fluent Human-Robot Interaction

AI Magazine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Thomaz ◽  
Crystal Chao
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Skill ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Turn Taking

Turn-taking is a fundamental part of human communication. Our goal is to devise a turn-taking framework for human-robot interaction that, like the human skill, represents something fundamental about interaction, generic to context or domain. We propose a model of turn-taking, and conduct an experiment with human subjects to inform this model. Our findings from this study suggest that information flow is an integral part of human floor-passing behavior. Following this, we implement autonomous floor relinquishing on a robot and discuss our insights into the nature of a general turn-taking model for human-robot interaction.

scholarly journals Human–Robot Interaction for Improving Fuselage Assembly Tasks: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5757
Author(s):  
Elena Laudante ◽  
Alessandro Greco ◽  
Mario Caterino ◽  
Marcello Fera
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
Assembly Performance ◽  
Assembly Tasks

In current industrial systems, automation is a very important aspect for assessing manufacturing production performance related to working times, accuracy of operations and quality. In particular, the introduction of a robotic system in the working area should guarantee some improvements, such as risks reduction for human operators, better quality results and a speed increase for production processes. In this context, human action remains still necessary to carry out part of the subtasks, as in the case of composites assembly processes. This study aims at presenting a case study regarding the reorganization of the working activity carried out in workstation in which a composite fuselage panel is assembled in order to demonstrate, by means of simulation tool, that some of the advantages previously listed can be achieved also in aerospace industry. In particular, an entire working process for composite fuselage panel assembling will be simulated and analyzed in order to demonstrate and verify the applicability and effectiveness of human–robot interaction (HRI), focusing on working times and ergonomics and respecting the constraints imposed by standards ISO 10218 and ISO TS 15066. Results show the effectiveness of HRI both in terms of assembly performance, by reducing working times and ergonomics—for which the simulation provides a very low risk index.

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