New Ways to Estimate Blood Pressure, Heartrate Variability and SpO2 Via Smartphone Camera – Proof of Concept

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Lee Seldon ◽  
Bee Theng Lau ◽  
Yi Ling Ong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Proof Of Concept

scholarly journals Acute beetroot juice supplementation on sympathetic nerve activity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (1) ◽  
pp. H59-H65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karambir Notay ◽  
Anthony V. Incognito ◽  
Philip J. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Outflow ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Burst Frequency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Central Sympathetic Outflow

Acute dietary nitrate ([Formula: see text]) supplementation reduces resting blood pressure in healthy normotensives. This response has been attributed to increased nitric oxide bioavailability and peripheral vasodilation, although nitric oxide also tonically inhibits central sympathetic outflow. We hypothesized that acute dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation using beetroot (BR) juice would reduce blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest and during exercise. Fourteen participants (7 men and 7 women, age: 25 ± 10 yr) underwent blood pressure and MSNA measurements before and after (165–180 min) ingestion of 70ml high-[Formula: see text] (~6.4 mmol [Formula: see text]) BR or [Formula: see text]-depleted BR placebo (PL; ~0.0055 mmol [Formula: see text]) in a double-blind, randomized, crossover design. Blood pressure and MSNA were also collected during 2 min of static handgrip (30% maximal voluntary contraction). The changes in resting MSNA burst frequency (−3 ± 5 vs. 3 ± 4 bursts/min, P = 0.001) and burst incidence (−4 ± 7 vs. 4 ± 5 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.002) were lower after BR versus PL, whereas systolic blood pressure (−1 ± 5 vs. 2 ± 5 mmHg, P = 0.30) and diastolic blood pressure (4 ± 5 vs. 5 ± 7 mmHg, P = 0.68) as well as spontaneous arterial sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity ( P = 0.95) were not different. During static handgrip, the change in MSNA burst incidence (1 ± 8 vs. 8 ± 9 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.04) was lower after BR versus PL, whereas MSNA burst frequency (6 ± 6 vs. 11 ± 10 bursts/min, P = 0.11) as well as systolic blood pressure (11 ± 7 vs. 12 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.94) and diastolic blood pressure (11 ± 4 vs. 11 ± 4 mmHg, P = 0.60) were not different. Collectively, these data provide proof of principle that acute BR supplementation can decrease central sympathetic outflow at rest and during exercise. Dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation may represent a novel intervention to target exaggerated sympathetic outflow in clinical populations. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The hemodynamic benefits of dietary nitrate supplementation have been attributed to nitric oxide-mediated peripheral vasodilation. Here, we provide proof of concept that acute dietary nitrate supplementation using beetroot juice can decrease muscle sympathetic outflow at rest and during exercise in a normotensive population. These results have applications for targeting central sympathetic overactivation in disease.

scholarly journals Reserpine Substantially Lowers Blood Pressure in Patients With Refractory Hypertension: A Proof-of-Concept Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Siddiqui ◽  
Hemal Bhatt ◽  
Eric K Judd ◽  
Suzanne Oparil ◽  
David A Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Treatment ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Refractory Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Antihypertensive Regimen ◽  
Automated Office Blood Pressure ◽  
Current Clinical Trial

Abstract BACKGROUND Refractory hypertension (RfHTN), a phenotype of antihypertensive treatment failure, is defined as uncontrolled automated office blood pressure (AOBP) ≥130/80 mm Hg and awake ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) ≥130/80 mm Hg on ≥5 antihypertensive medications, including chlorthalidone and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Previous studies suggest that RfHTN is attributable to heightened sympathetic tone. The current study tested whether reserpine, a potent sympatholytic agent, lowers blood pressure (BP) in patients with RfHTN. METHODS Twenty-one out of 45 consecutive patients with suspected RfHTN were determined to be fully adherent with their antihypertensive regimen. Seven patients agreed to participate in the current clinical trial with reserpine and 6 patients completed the study. Other sympatholytic medications, such as clonidine or guanfacine, were tapered and discontinued before starting reserpine. Reserpine 0.1 mg daily was administered in an open-label fashion for 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated by AOBP and 24-hour ABP at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Reserpine lowered mean systolic and diastolic AOBP by 29.3 ± 22.2 and 22.0 ± 15.8 mm Hg, respectively. Mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic ABPs were reduced by 21.8 ± 13.4 and 15.3 ± 9.6 mm Hg, mean awake systolic and diastolic ABPs by 23.8 ± 11.8 and 17.8 ± 9.2 mm Hg, and mean asleep systolic and diastolic ABPs by 21.5 ± 11.4 and 13.7 ± 6.4 mm Hg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Reserpine, a potent sympatholytic agent, lowers BP in patients whose BP remained uncontrolled on maximal antihypertensive therapy, lending support to the hypothesis that excess sympathetic output contributes importantly to the development of RfHTN.

scholarly journals Ballistocardiogram-Based Approach to Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring: Proof of Concept and Potential Challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2384-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Sei Kim ◽  
Andrew M. Carek ◽  
Omer T. Inan ◽  
Ramakrishna Mukkamala ◽  
Jin-Oh Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Cuffless Blood Pressure

Acute Device-Based Blood Pressure Reduction: Electrical Activation of the Carotid Baroreflex in Patients Undergoing Elective Carotid Surgery

Vascular ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Schmidli ◽  
Hannu Savolainen ◽  
Friedrich Eckstein ◽  
Eric Irwin ◽  
Tim K. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Carotid Surgery ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Sinus Wall ◽  
Carotid Baroreflex ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Stimulation Of

Carotid sinus baroreceptors are involved in controlling blood pressure (BP) by providing input to the cardiovascular regulatory centers of the medulla. The acute effect of temporarily placing an electrode on the carotid sinus wall to electrically activate the baroreflex was investigated. We studied 11 patients undergoing elective carotid surgery. Baseline BP was 146+30/66±17 mm Hg and heart rate (HR) 72±7 bpm (mean ± standard deviation). An electrode was placed upon the carotid sinus and after obtaining a steady state baseline of BP and HR, an electric current was applied and increased in 1-volt increments. A voltage dependent and highly significant reduction in BP was observed which averaged 18±26* and 8.0±12 mm Hg for systolic BP and diastolic BP, respectively. Maximal reductions occurred at 4.4±1.2 V: 23±24 mm Hg*, 16±10 mm Hg* and 7±12 bpm* for systolic BP, diastolic BP and HR, respectively (= p <.05). Thus, electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus activates the carotid baroreflex resulting in a reduction in BP and HR. This presents a proof of concept for device based baroreflex modulation in acute BP regulation and adds to the available data which provide a rationale for evaluating this system in the context of chronic BP reduction in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease

Physiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suttira Intapad ◽  
Norma B. Ojeda ◽  
John Henry Dasinger ◽  
Barbara T. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Disease

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) proposes that adverse events during early life program an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Experimental models provide proof of concept but also indicate that insults during early life program sex differences in adult blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. This review will highlight the potential mechanisms that contribute to the etiology of sex differences in the developmental programming of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Self-monitoring of blood pressure to improve hypertension management in a middle-income country: A proof of concept study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Akl ◽  
Nadine Rashidi ◽  
Chaza Akik ◽  
Eveline Hitti ◽  
Ghassan Hamadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Monitoring Group

Abstract Background Self-monitoring of blood pressure has been shown to optimize the management of blood pressure in high-income settings, but there is less evidence from low-to-middle income countries. We designed a proof-of-concept pilot trial to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention built around self-monitoring of blood pressure and health education, and to measure its association with reduced blood pressure among hypertensives. The study was conducted in Lebanon, a country where the management of hypertension presents challenges similar to those faced in countries of the Arab region and other middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a parallel two-arm pilot trial with a mixed-method approach to investigate the effect of the intervention on patient experience. Hypertensive patients (n = 80) were recruited at two primary and one tertiary health centers in Beirut, and were randomly allocated (1:1) to either an intervention group where patients received blood pressure devices, diaries and educational sessions, or a control group where patients received standard of care as practiced in their health centers. The main outcomes were feasibility (recruitment, retention and adherence), acceptability, and changes in systolic blood pressure. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained at baseline and 6 weeks later. Results The recruitment rates for the study was 52% and retention was 95%. Most participants in the self-monitoring group (33/38) reported that the device was convenient and easy to use. Complete case analysis showed that blood pressure monitoring was associated with a greater reduction in systolic (-6.3 mmHg, 95%CI [-12.4; − 0.17]) and diastolic (-1.9 mmHg, 95%CI [-6.34; 2.58]) blood pressure in the self-monitoring group (n = 36) as compared to the standard of care group (n = 36). Improved knowledge of hypertension was also observed in the self-monitoring group. There were no adverse events related to study participation. Conclusions Self-monitoring is acceptable and feasible and has the potential to improve hypertension management. Our results should be further tested in trials with adequate statistical power and longer follow-up periods to examine the effectiveness of the intervention on blood pressure levels. Trial Registration and funding: Retrospectively Registered on April 3, 2020. ISRCTN 16450193. Funded by the Harvard Medical School Center for Global Health Delivery.

scholarly journals Carotid Intima and Media Thickness Correlation with Central Blood Pressure Measurements by Tonometric and Oscillometric Methods: A Proof of Concept

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso ◽  
Milena de Andrade Melo ◽  
Priscila Valverde Vitorino ◽  
Claudia Gonçalves ◽  
João Alexandre Berigó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Media Thickness
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