Glandular Tissue Component and Breast Cancer Risk in Mammographically Dense Breasts at Screening Breast US

56 Background: Mammographic breast density is a significant risk factor for breast cancer. Women with extremely dense breasts are at 4-to-6 times the risk of developing breast cancer than women with primarily fatty breast tissue. Electrical Breast Densitometry (EBD) is a new technique that assesses breast density. EBD is non-ionizing, fast, has low cost per test ($20-$30) and may help in breast cancer risk assessment in the primary care setting. Methods: This study evaluated the feasibility of the EBD in an IRB-approved pilot study of 20 patients. The study used a custom-made self-adhesive electrode (SenoSENSE Medical Systems, Toronto, Canada) interfaced to an off-the-shelf impedance meter (Bodystat 1500, Bodystat, Isle of Man, UK) with a customized cable. On the same day as the subject’s scheduled mammogram, impedance measurements were acquired for each breast. Mammogram densities were scored by a trained radiologist using standard BiRADS breast density categories 1 to 4. Results: A high correlation coefficient was observed (Pearson correlation coefficient >0.80) between breast density determined by the EBD and the BiRADS breast density score. In addition a statistically significant difference was observed between dense categories (BiRADS 3,4) and fatty categories (BiRADS 1,2) (p<0.01), as well as between extremely dense breasts (BiRADS 4) and all other categories (p<0.01). Very high correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient >0.95) was observed between EBD measurements on the left and right breasts. Previous studies have reported a left/right correlation of 0.89 for blinded mammography readers. Conclusions: These results suggests that the EBD measure may be less variable than mammographic estimates of density. The results of the study suggest that Electrical Breast Densitometry is a promising technique for the assessment of breast density and the ability to aid in evaluation of breast cancer risk. It can be reasonably deployed at primary care facilities.

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Women with Dense Breasts Have Higher Breast Cancer Risk

The Nurse Practitioner ◽

10.1097/01.npr.0000263082.63277.09 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 26,29

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dense Breasts

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Dense Breasts Linked to Higher Breast Cancer Risk, But Clinicians Unsure of Application

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute ◽

10.1093/jnci/djm243 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 99 (22) ◽

pp. 1661-1663 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Twombly

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dense Breasts

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MRI versus Mammography plus Ultrasound in Women at Intermediate Breast Cancer Risk: Study Design and Protocol of the MRIB Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11091635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1635

Author(s):

Luigina Ada Bonelli ◽

Massimo Calabrese ◽

Paolo Belli ◽

Stefano Corcione ◽

Claudio Losio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Dense Breasts ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

In women at high/intermediate lifetime risk of breast cancer (BC-LTR), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) added to mammography ± ultrasound (MX ± US) increases sensitivity but decreases specificity. Screening with MRI alone is an alternative and potentially more cost-effective strategy. Here, we describe the study protocol and the characteristics of enrolled patients for MRIB feasibility, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, which aims to compare MRI alone versus MX+US in women at intermediate breast cancer risk (aged 40–59, with a 15–30% BC-LTR and/or extremely dense breasts). Two screening rounds per woman were planned in ten centers experienced in MRI screening, the primary endpoint being the rate of cancers detected in the 2 arms after 5 years of follow-up. From July 2013 to November 2015, 1254 women (mean age 47 years) were enrolled: 624 were assigned to MX+US and 630 to MRI. Most of them were aged below 50 (72%) and premenopausal (45%), and 52% used oral contraceptives. Among postmenopausal women, 15% had used hormone replacement therapy. Breast and/or ovarian cancer in mothers and/or sisters were reported by 37% of enrolled women, 79% had extremely dense breasts, and 41% had a 15–30% BC-LTR. The distribution of the major determinants of breast cancer risk profiles (breast density and family history of breast and ovarian cancer) of enrolled women varied across centers.

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EVALUATION OF BREAST CANCER RISK WITH SUPPLEMENTARY ULTRASONOGRAPHY TO CHARACTERIZE PALPABLE LUMPS IN MAMMOGRAPHICALLY DENSE BREASTS

Al-Azhar Medical Journal ◽

10.21608/amj.2022.212599 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 183-190

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dense Breasts

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Breast adipose regulation of premenopausal breast epithelial phenotype involves interleukin 10

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/jme-21-0100 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Iad Alhallak ◽

Keith G Wolter ◽

Ana Castro Munoz ◽

Frank A Simmen ◽

Richard J Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Glandular Tissue ◽

Obese Women ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Inflammatory Status ◽

Breast Adipose ◽

Breast Epithelial

Epidemiological studies inversely associate body mass index (BMI) with breast cancer risk in premenopausal women, but the pathophysiological linkage remains ill-defined. Despite the documented relevance of the ‘local’ environment to breast cancer progression and the well-accepted differences in transcriptome and metabolic properties of anatomically distinct fat depots, specific breast adipose contributions to the proliferative potential of non-diseased breast glandular compartment are not fully understood. To address early breast cancer causation in the context of obesity status, we compared the cellular and molecular phenotypes of breast adipose and matched breast glandular tissue from premenopausal non-obese (mean BMI=27 kg/m2) and obese (mean BMI=44 kg/m2) women. Breast adipose from obese women showed higher expression levels of adipogenic, pro-inflammatory and estrogen synthetic genes, than from non-obese women. Obese breast glandular tissue displayed lower proliferation and inflammatory status and higher expression of anti-proliferative/pro-senescence biomarkers TP53 and p21, than from non-obese women. Transcript levels for T-cell receptor and co-receptors CD3 and CD4 were higher in breast adipose of obese cohorts, coincident with elevated adipose Interleukin 10 (IL10) and FOXP3 gene expression. In human breast epithelial cell lines MCF10A and HMEC, recombinant human IL10 reduced cell viability and CCND1 transcript levels, increased those of TP53 and p21, and promoted (MCF10A) apoptosis. Our findings suggest that breast adipose-associated IL10 may mediate paracrine interactions between non-diseased breast adipose and breast glandular compartments and highlight how breast adipose may program the local inflammatory milieu, partly by recruiting FOXP3+ T regulatory cells, to influence premenopausal breast cancer risk.

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