This paper examines infrared spectroscopic effects for the standoff detection of an explosive material, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), inkjet printed on an aluminum surface. Results of a spectroscopic study are described, using multiple optical setups. These setups were selected to explore how variations in the angles of incidence and collection from the surface of the material result in corresponding variations in the spectral signatures. The goal of these studies is to provide an understanding of these spectral changes, since it affects standoff detection of hazardous materials on a reflective substrate. We demonstrate that variations in spectral effects are dependent on the relative surface concentration of the deposited RDX. We also show that it is reasonable to use spectroscopic data collected in a standard laboratory infrared spectrometer outfitted with a variable angle reflectometer set at 0ï° as reference spectra for data collected in a standoff configuration. These results are important to provide a systematic approach to understanding IR spectra collection using standoff systems in the field, and to allow for comparison between such data, and data collected in the laboratory. Though the precise results are constrained to a specific material system (thin layers on a reflective substrate), the approach and general discussion provided are applicable to a broad range of IR standoff sensing techniques and applications.
Deep Raman spectroscopy for the non-invasive standoff detection of concealed chemical threat agents
