Involvement of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in diurnal ACTH and corticosterone responsiveness to stress

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. E260-E269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Sage ◽  
Daniel Maurel ◽  
Olivier Bosler
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Diurnal Rhythmicity

We explored the contribution of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) diurnal responsiveness of the rat to restraint stress applied either in the morning (AM) or in the evening (PM). Ablation of the SCN caused the diurnal rhythmicity of the CORT response to disappear but had no effects on AM vs. PM differences in the ACTH response. Stress-response curves in SCN-lesioned rats that had prestress levels of CORT either in the AM range or in the PM range, when compared with those obtained for AM and PM controls, showed that the SCN differentially regulates the stress response depending on the underlying secretory activity of the adrenal cortex. When basal CORT secretion is at its lowest, the SCN inhibits CORT responsiveness to stress by controlling pituitary corticotrophs; but when it is at its highest, it has a permissive action that will bypass the hypophysis and reach the adrenals to adjust the response of the gland to ACTH.

Effects of galanin on the secretory activity of the rat adrenal cortex: in vivo and in vitro studies

1992 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mazzocchi ◽  
L. K. Malendowicz ◽  
P. Rebuffat ◽  
G. G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
In Vitro Studies

“IN VIVO” AND “IN VITRO” EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID AND ACTH ON THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
J. Leblanc
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Histochemical Examination

Histochemical examination of adrenal glands of hypophysectomized rats given both ascorbic acid and ACTH showed an enlargement of the cortex and a decrease of sudanophilic substances, as compared to adrenals of hypophysectomized rats receiving ACTH alone. “In vitro” experiments on incubated slices of adrenal glands have shown that ascorbic acid and ACTH have a synergistic effect on the secretory activity of the cells of the adrenal cortex.

Endocrinology, metabolism, and body temperature

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Prout ◽  
Tanya Jones ◽  
Daniel Martin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Surgical Stress Response ◽  
Current Guidelines

This chapter summarizes endocrine physiology that is of particular relevance to anaesthesia. Disorders of the adrenal cortex and medulla, pituitary and thyroid are described with perioperative management considerations highlighted. Current guidelines in perioperative steroid replacement are included. Diabetes is a particularly common problem encountered in clinical practice. Diabetic complications, pre-assessment and perioperative management aims are included. The surgical stress response is summarized with details of the neuroendocrine changes and their modification with anaesthetic technique. Consequences of perioperative hypothermia and use of therapeutic hypothermia are detailed.

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