Inhibition of human pancreatic and biliary output but not intestinal motility by physiological intraileal lipid loads

Lipid perfusion into the distal ileal lumen at supraphysiological loads inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion and gastrointestinal motility in humans. In the present study, we sought to determine the effects of physiological postprandial intraileal lipid concentrations on endogenously stimulated pancreaticobiliary secretion, intestinal motility, and release of regulatory mediators. Eight healthy volunteers were intubated with an oroileal multilumen tube for continuous duodenal perfusion of essential amino acids (450 μmol/min), ileal perfusion of graded doses of lipids (0, 50 and 100 mg/min, each dose for 90–120 min), aspiration of duodenal and ileal chyme, and intestinal manometry. Venous blood samples were obtained for measurement of GLP-1 and PYY. Ileal lipid perfusion dose dependently decreased endogenously stimulated trypsin [262 ± 59 vs. 154 ± 42 vs. 92 ± 20 U/min ( P < 0.05)] and bile acid output [18.6 ± 1.9 vs. 8.4 ± 2.8 vs. 3.0 ± 1.0 μmol/min ( P < 0.05)]. Duodenal motor activity was not inhibited by either lipid dose. Trypsin and bile acid output correlated inversely with the release of GLP-1 and PYY (absolute value of R > 0.84; P < 0.05), whereas the motility index did not. Physiological postprandial ileal lipid concentrations dose dependently inhibited human digestive pancreatic protease and bile acid output, but not intestinal motor activity. Thus physiological postprandial ileal nutrient exposure may be of importance for the termination of digestive secretory responses. Ileocolonic release of GLP-1 and PYY appears to participate in mediating these effects.

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Circadian coupling between pancreatic secretion and intestinal motility in humans

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.2.g273 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (2) ◽

pp. G273-G278 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Jutta Keller ◽

Gabriele Gröger ◽

Leelamma Cherian ◽

Britt Günther ◽

Peter Layer

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽

Pancreatic Secretion ◽

Intestinal Motility ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Pancreatic Enzyme ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Motility Index ◽

Cholinergic Tone ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine

Human interdigestive intestinal motility follows a circadian rhythm with reduced nocturnal activity, but circadian pancreatic exocrine secretion is unknown. To determine whether circadian changes in interdigestive pancreatic secretion occur and are associated with motor events, pancreatic enzyme outputs, proximal jejunal motility, and plasma pancreatic polypeptide concentrations were measured during consecutive daytime and nighttime periods (12 h each) in seven healthy volunteers using orojejunal multilumen intubation. Studies were randomly started in the morning or evening. Nocturnally, motility decreased (motor quiescence: 67 ± 22 vs. 146 ± 37 min; motility index: 3.59 ± 0.33 vs. 2.78 ± 0.40 mmHg/min; both P < 0.05) but amylase output increased (273 ± 78 vs. 384 ± 100 U/min; P < 0.05) and protease output remained unchanged ( P > 0.05); consequently, enzyme/motility ratio increased. Amylase outputs were always lowest during phase I. Motor but not pancreatic circadian activities were associated with sleep. Pancreatic polypeptide plasma concentrations were unchanged. Consequently, intestinal motor and pancreatic exocrine functions may have different circadian rhythms, i.e., decreased motor and stable secretory activity during the night. However, the association between individual phases of interdigestive motor and secretory activity is preserved. The nocturnal increase in enzyme/motility ratio is probably not caused by increased cholinergic tone.

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Effect of duodenal bile acid delivery on fasting intestinal motor activity

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1986.250.6.g836 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 250 (6) ◽

pp. G836-G841

Author(s):

R. B. Scott

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Bile Duct ◽

Common Bile Duct ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Enterohepatic Circulation ◽

Taurocholic Acid ◽

Cycle Period ◽

Motility Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Common

Fasting duodenal bile acid delivery is pulsatile and is cyclically coordinated with the duodenal migrating myoelectric complex (MMC). To determine whether duodenal bile acid delivery influences the duodenal cycle period (CP) of the MMC or the intensity of duodenal motor activity, three dogs were prepared with a duodenal cannula, permitting cannulation of the common bile duct, duodenal infusion, and manometry. CP was measured with the enterohepatic circulation intact and after the common bile duct was cannulated to divert endogenous bile from the duodenum during continuous duodenal infusion (1.6 ml/min) of 0, 2.5, 12.5, or 25 mM sodium taurocholic acid in 154 mM NaCl. During a second protocol with the enterohepatic circulation intact, a control and subsequent CP were measure, and a pulse (1 ml/min for 10 min) of pooled dog bile (112 mM total bile acids) or 0, 20, 80, or 140 mM sodium taurocholic acid in 154 mM NaCl was infused into the duodenum at 40% of the second CP (as estimated from control CP). A motility index was calculated for an interval commencing at 40% of the control CP and at the start of pulse infusion in the succeeding CP. There was no significant difference in CP with the enterohepatic circulation intact compared with that during continuous duodenal infusion of sodium taurocholic acid. There was no significant change in CP or motility index after premature pulse infusion of sodium taurocholic acid or pooled dog bile. Variation in duodenal bile acid delivery did not modulate intensity of duodenal motor activity or cycling of the MMC.

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Pancreatic exocrine secretion in anesthetized and conscious rats.

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1977.233.6.e530 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 233 (6) ◽

pp. E530 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H Petersen ◽

M I Grossman

Keyword(s):

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion ◽

Conscious Rats ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine

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The effect of AFMK (N 1 -acetyl-N 2 -formyl-5-methoxykynuramine) on pancreatic exocrine secretion in the rats

Pancreatology ◽

10.1016/j.pan.2017.05.089 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. S28

Author(s):

Katarzyna Nawrot-Porabka ◽

Anna Leja-Szpak ◽

Joanna Szklarczyk ◽

Joanna Bonior ◽

Marta Góralska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine

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The active fraction of psyllium seed husk

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2002201 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 207-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Judith A. Marlett ◽

Milton H. Fischer

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Acid Output ◽

Control Diet ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Active Fraction ◽

Insoluble Material ◽

Lower Blood Cholesterol ◽

Seed Husk ◽

Diet Study ◽

Series Of Experiments

A series of experiments and evaluations of fractions isolated from psyllium seed husk (PSH) were used to test the overall hypothesis that a gel-forming component of PSH is not fermented and that it is this component that is responsible for the laxative and cholesterol-lowering properties of PSH. A gel is isolated from human stools collected during a controlled diet study when PSH is consumed but not when the control diet only is consumed. Evaluations of three fractions isolated from PSH suggest that gel-forming fraction B, which is about 55% of PSH, is poorly fermented and is the component that increases stool moisture and faecal bile acid excretion, the latter leading to lower blood cholesterol levels. Fraction C, representing <15% of PSH, is viscous, but is rapidly fermented. Fraction A is alkali-insoluble material that is not fermented. In concentrations comparable with their presence in PSH, fractions A and C do not alter moisture and bile acid output. The active fraction of PSH is a highly-branched arabinoxylan consisting of a xylose backbone and arabinose- and xylose-containing side chains. In contrast to arabinoxylans in cereal grains that are extensively fermented, PSH possesses a structural feature, as yet unidentified, that hinders its fermentation by typical colonic microflora.

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Effect of Ethanol Intake on Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion in Mice

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.3109/00365529209011184 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 783-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. I. Vaccaro ◽

O. M. Tiscornia ◽

E. L. Calvo ◽

M. A. Cresta ◽

D. Celener

Keyword(s):

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Ethanol Intake ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine

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Sow milk feeding vs. pancreatic exocrine secretion in pigs

Livestock Production Science ◽

10.1016/s0301-6226(97)00087-0 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 50 (1-2) ◽

pp. 151-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.G. Pierzynowski ◽

B.R. Weström ◽

B.W. Karlsson

Keyword(s):

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine ◽

Milk Feeding

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Short- and long-term effects of biliary drainage on hepatic cholesterol metabolism in the rat

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2690781 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 269 (3) ◽

pp. 781-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M J Smit ◽

A M Temmerman ◽

R Havinga ◽

F Kuipers ◽

R J Vonk

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Bile Flow ◽

Cholesterol Metabolism ◽

Acid Output ◽

Biliary Secretion ◽

Surgical Trauma ◽

Hepatic Cholesterol ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short And Long Term

The present study concerns short- and long-term effects of interruption of the enterohepatic circulation (EHC) on hepatic cholesterol metabolism and biliary secretion in rats. For this purpose, we employed a technique that allows reversible interruption of the EHC, during normal feeding conditions, and excludes effects of anaesthesia and surgical trauma. [3H]Cholesteryl oleate-labelled human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was injected intravenously in rats with (1) chronically (8 days) interrupted EHC, (2) interrupted EHC at the time of LDL injection and (3) intact EHC. During the first 3 h after interruption of the EHC, bile flow decreased to 50% and biliary bile acid, phospholipid and cholesterol secretion to 5%, 11% and 19% of their initial values respectively. After 8 days of bile diversion, biliary cholesterol output and bile flow were at that same level, but bile acid output was increased 2-3-fold and phospholipid output was about 2 times lower. The total amount of cholesterol in the liver decreased after interruption of the EHC, which was mainly due to a decrease in the amount of cholesteryl ester. Plasma disappearance of LDL was not affected by interruption of the EHC. Biliary secretion of LDL-derived radioactivity occurred 2-4 times faster in chronically interrupted rats as compared with the excretion immediately after interruption of the EHC. Radioactivity was mainly in the form of bile acids under both conditions. This study demonstrates the very rapid changes that occur in cholesterol metabolism and biliary lipid composition after interruption of the EHC. These changes must be taken into account in studies concerning hepatic metabolism of lipoprotein cholesterol and subsequent secretion into bile.

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