Contribution of viable and nonviable heart myocytes to substrate oxidation

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. H740-H744
Author(s):  
W. M. Long ◽  
G. J. Bagby ◽  
J. J. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Myocardial Metabolism ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Metabolic Data ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Homogeneous Cell Population

An approach is described that allows metabolic data obtained from a mixture of vital dye-excluding (T-) and nonexcluding (T+) myocytes to be extrapolated to a homogeneous cell population. Myocytes from adult dog hearts were dispersed by enzymatic treatment and separated into two fractions: one containing predominantly T-, and the other containing predominately T+ cells. Measuring the oxidation rate and viability of each fraction allows the determination of the rate of oxidation of a homogeneous cell population when palmitate, glucose, or lactate is the oxidizable substrate. The calculated rate of oxidation of these substrates by 100% T- cells was: 0.15, 0.46, and 2.99 nmol . mg protein-1 . min-1, respectively. Oxidation of palmitate and lactate by T+ cells was one-fifth of the T-cell rate. Glucose oxidation of T+ cells was not significantly different from zero. Use of this procedure will permit study of myocardial metabolism when experimental procedures may cause altered cell viability.

Properties of Microsomal Activator of Profibrinolysin Found in Bovine and Porcine Heart Muscle

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nakahara ◽  
D. R Celander
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Porcine Heart ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Enzyme Molecules ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Homogeneous Cell Population

SummaryMitochondrial, lysosomal, and microsomal fractions of pig and cow myocardial cells were screened for their ability to effect lysis of bovine fibrin plates prepared with Profibrinolysin-containing and profibrinolysin-free reagents. Little if any activity was observed on profibrinolysin-free fibrin plates. Maximum activity on Profibrinolysin-containing plates was found in association with the microsomes. Extraction of the microsome preparations with 0.15 M KCl and 2.0 M KCl dissolved activator molecules with different pH solubility and stability characteristics. The activator activity of the 2.0 M KCl extract was in general more stable to acid pH than that of the 0.15 M KCl extract.The activator characteristic of the microsomal suspensions and of both types of microsome extracts was stable to acetone precipitation. However, the 2.0 M KCl extract lost its relatively greater stability to acid pH when precipitated with acetone. The significance of the chemical environment as a determining factor in final properties of purified enzyme molecules is discussed. The importance of using a relatively homogeneous cell population as starting material is also emphasized.

scholarly journals Segregation of brain and organizer precursors is differentially regulated by Nodal signaling at blastula stage

Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. bio051797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitana M. Castro Colabianchi ◽  
María B. Tavella ◽  
Laura E. Boyadjián López ◽  
Marcelo Rubinstein ◽  
Lucía F. Franchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
First Person ◽  
Nodal Signaling ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Dorsal Cells ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Homogeneous Cell Population

ABSTRACTThe blastula Chordin- and Noggin-expressing (BCNE) center comprises animal-dorsal and marginal-dorsal cells of the amphibian blastula and contains the precursors of the brain and the gastrula organizer. Previous findings suggested that the BCNE behaves as a homogeneous cell population that only depends on nuclear β-catenin activity but does not require Nodal and later segregates into its descendants during gastrulation. In contrast to previous findings, in this work, we show that the BCNE does not behave as a homogeneous cell population in response to Nodal antagonists. In fact, we found that chordin.1 expression in a marginal subpopulation of notochordal precursors indeed requires Nodal input. We also establish that an animal BCNE subpopulation of cells that express both, chordin.1 and sox2 (a marker of pluripotent neuroectodermal cells), and gives rise to most of the brain, persisted at blastula stage after blocking Nodal. Therefore, Nodal signaling is required to define a population of chordin.1+ cells and to restrict the recruitment of brain precursors within the BCNE as early as at blastula stage. We discuss our findings in Xenopus in comparison to other vertebrate models, uncovering similitudes in early brain induction and delimitation through Nodal signaling.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

scholarly journals Segregation of brain and organizer precursors is differentially regulated by Nodal signaling at blastula stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitana M. Castro Colabianchi ◽  
María B. Tavella ◽  
Laura E. Boyadjián López ◽  
Marcelo Rubinstein ◽  
Lucía F. Franchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Nodal Signaling ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Dorsal Cells ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Homogeneous Cell Population

ABSTRACTThe Blastula Chordin- and Noggin Expressing Center (BCNE) comprises animal-dorsal and marginal-dorsal cells of the amphibian blastula and contains the precursors of the brain and of the gastrula organizer. Previous findings suggested that the BCNE behaves as a homogeneous cell population that depends only on nuclear β-catenin activity but does not require Nodal and segregates into its descendants later, during gastrulation. In this work, we analyzed if the BCNE is already compartmentalized at the blastula stage. In contrast to previous findings, we show that the BCNE does not behave as a homogeneous cell population in response to Nodal antagonists. In fact, we found that the chordin.1 expression in a marginal subpopulation of notochordal precursors indeed requires Nodal input. We also establish that an animal BCNE subpopulation of cells that express both, chordin.1 and sox2 (a marker of pluripotent neuroectodermal cells), and gives rise to most of the brain, persisted at blastula stage after blocking Nodal. Moreover, RT-qPCR analysis showed that chordin.1 and sox2 expression increased at blastula stage after blocking Nodal. Therefore, Nodal signaling is required to define a population of chordin.1+ cells and to restrict the recruitment of brain precursors within the BCNE as early as at blastula stage.

3D cellulose nanofiber scaffold with homogeneous cell population and long-term proliferation

Cellulose ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 7299-7314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Jeong Kim ◽  
Dongyeop X. Oh ◽  
Seunghwan Choy ◽  
Hoang-Linh Nguyen ◽  
Hyung Joon Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Cellulose Nanofiber ◽  
Nanofiber Scaffold ◽  
Homogeneous Cell ◽  
Homogeneous Cell Population

scholarly journals Cellular and humoral peritoneal immunity to Mesocestoides vogae metacestode infection in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terézia Mačak Kubašková ◽  
Dagmar Mudroňová ◽  
Miroslava Vargová ◽  
Katarína Reiterová ◽  
Gabriela Hrčková
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Peritoneal Cells ◽  
Immunosuppressive Cell ◽  
Mesocestoides Vogae

Abstract Background Here, Mesocestoides (M.) vogae infection in mice is proposed as a suitable experimental model for studying the immunity in the peritoneal cavity of mice. Methods To investigate the kinetics of immune parameters in M. vogae-infected mice, we detected, using flow cytometry, the expression of selected lymphoid and myeloid markers within the peritoneal cell population at day 0, 3, 6, 10, 14, 19, 25, 30 and 35 post-infection. Then, using ELISA, we analyzed the cytokine IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-4 and IL-10 responses and the levels of anti-M. vogae IgG and IgM antibodies in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Cells isolated from the peritoneal cavity were subjected to further molecular analysis. To assess cell activation, peritoneal cells were exposed to LPS, and culture supernatants were collected and assayed for the level of cytokines and production of nitrite. Ly6C+ and Ly6G+ cells were isolated using MACS from the peritoneal cells at day 35 post-infection. Both MACS-isolated subsets were co-cultured with preactivated T cells to measure their suppressive capacity. Next, the role of parasite excretory-secretory antigens in induction of CD11b+ myeloid cells with the suppressive phenotype and the production of IL-10 was examined. Results In the peritoneal cavity an initial increase of CD11b+Gr-1+F4/80highMHC IIhigh cells, NK, NKT cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells was observed in the first week of infection. At day 14 post-infection, an increase in the number of myeloid CD11b+Gr-1+ cells was detected, and most of this cell population expressed low levels of F4/80 and MHC II in later stages of infection, suggesting the impairment of antigen-presenting cell functions, probably through the excretory-secretory molecules. Moreover, we confirmed that peritoneal Gr1+ cells (Ly6C+ and Ly6G+ population) are phenotypically and functionally consistent with myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Metacestode infection elicited high levels of IL-10 and upregulated STAT-3 in peritoneal cells. A higher level of IgM suggests that this isotype may be predominant and is involved in the host protection. Conclusions Mesocestoides vogae tetrathyridia induced the recruitment of immunosuppressive cell subsets, which may play a key role in the downregulation of immune response in long-term parasitic diseases, and excretory-secretory antigens seem to be the main regulatory factor.

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