Regional blood flows measured in Mongolian gerbil by a modified microsphere method

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. H990-H995
Author(s):  
M. Matsumoto ◽  
K. Kimura ◽  
A. Fujisawa ◽  
T. Matsuyama ◽  
T. Asai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Organ Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Stroke Research ◽  
Microsphere Method

Regional blood flow to major organs and regional cerebral blood flow were determined in seven anesthetized male gerbils by a modified microsphere method. Carbonized microspheres, 15 micrometers in diameter and labeled with 85Sr or 141Ce, were injected into the left ventricle by cardiac puncture through the closed thorax, and reference samples of known volume were withdrawn from tail-artery cannula. No significant hemodynamic alterations were observed during microsphere administration, and extraction of 15-micrometers microspheres by the pulmonary or systemic capillary beds was nearly 100%. The adequacy of mixing of microspheres in the left ventricle was also validated. The absolute regional blood flow to various organs and regional cerebral blood flow were expressed in terms of milliliters per minute per gram tissue weight, and the values mostly agreed with those reported previously in rats. The results indicate that the reference sample method can be applied to the gerbil. This method should allow the gerbil, which is an animal widely used in stroke research, to be conveniently used for hemodynamic studies when organ blood flow and regional cerebral blood flow are necessary.

Regional cerebral blood flow response during and after acute asphyxia in newborn piglets

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2827-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Goplerud ◽  
L. C. Wagerle ◽  
M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Organ Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Total Brain

The hemodynamic response during and after acute asphyxia was studied in 14 newborn piglets. An apnea-like asphyxial insult was produced in paralyzed mechanically ventilated piglets by discontinuing ventilation until the piglets became bradycardic (heart rate less than 80 beats/min). Seven piglets had organ blood flow measured by microspheres at control, during asphyxia (PO2 = 16 +/- 11 Torr, pH = 7.31 +/- 0.07, PCO2 = 47 +/- 9 Torr), and during recovery from asphyxia. During acute asphyxia, rapid organ blood flow redistribution occurred, producing decreased renal and skeletal muscle blood flow, while coronary blood flow increased. Although total brain blood flow changed little during asphyxia, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) analysis revealed significant nonhomogeneous blood flow distribution within the brain during asphyxia, with decreases to the cerebral gray and white matter and the choroid plexus, whereas brain stem structures had increased flow. During recovery with reventilation, total brain blood flow increased 24% above control, with a more uniform distribution and increased flow to all brain regions. The time course of rCBF changes during acute asphyxia was then determined in seven additional piglets with CBF measurements made sequentially at 30–60 s, 60–120 s, and 120–180 s of asphyxia. The vasoconstriction seen in cortical structures, concurrent with the reduction in skeletal and kidney blood flow, known to be sympathetically mediated, suggest a selective reflex effect in this brain region. The more gradual and progressive vasodilation in brain stem regions during asphyxia is consistent with chemical control. These findings demonstrate significant regional heterogeneity in CBF regulation in newborn piglets.

Effect of cerebral extracellular fluid acidity on total and regional cerebral blood flow

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Britton ◽  
L. O. Lutherer ◽  
D. G. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Flow Changes

Total and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and arterial blood acid-base status were measured in 26 chloralose-urethan-anesthetized dogs before and after 30 and 60 min of ventriculocisternal perfusion with artificial CSF equilibrated with 7% CO2 and containing either low (8.7 or 9.1 meq/l), normal (19.6 meq/l), or high (34.7 meq/l) bicarbonate ion concentration ([HCO3-]). An inverse linear relationship was observed between the CSF pH and total CBF. Regional blood flow changes were greater in structures that were closest to the ventricular system. In addition, regional blood flow changes were greater in all tissues studied after 60 min of perfusion than after 30. Perfusion with the control [HCO3-] caused no significant changes in either acid-base status or CBF. We believe that the regional cerebral blood flow changes are the result of changes in the H+ concentration gradient across the cerebral extracellular fluid (ECF) space due to the diffusional exchange of HCO3- between CSF and ECF. It is concluded that cerebral ECF acidity is important in the local regulation of cerebral blood flow.

Effect of stimulation of trigeminal ganglion on regional cerebral blood flow in cats

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. R270-R274 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Goadsby ◽  
J. W. Duckworth
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Trigeminal Ganglion ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
Posterior Cortex

Regional cerebral blood flow was studied in the cat, with and without trigeminal ganglion stimulation, by the intravenous injection of the tracer [14C]iodoantipyrine and subsequent regional brain dissection. Electrical activation of the trigeminal ganglion led to a selective increase in regional blood flow in the frontal and parietal cortex that was bilateral without change in the posterior cortex, deep cerebral nuclei, white matter, or brain stem. Unilateral intracranial section of the facial nerve blocked the response in the ipsilateral frontal and parietal cortex, whereas bilateral facial nerve section blocked the contralateral frontal cortical response. The contralateral parietal cortical increase in blood flow was not affected by facial nerve section and may thus represent the result of metabolic activation of sensory cortex.

scholarly journals Alterations in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow following Brain Injury in the Rat

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwao Yamakami ◽  
Tracy K. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Microsphere Method ◽  
Left Parietal Cortex ◽  
Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

To elucidate the temporal changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) after experimental traumatic brain injury, serial rCBF measurements were made during a 24-h period following fluid-percussion (F-P) traumatic brain injury in the rat. Brain injury of 2.2 atm was induced over the left parietal cortex and serial measurements of rCBF were performed using the radiolabeled microsphere method. rCBF values were obtained prior to injury and at 15 and 30 min and 1, 2, 4, and 24 h postinjury. At 15 min postinjury, there was a profound, widespread reduction in rCBF in all brain regions studied (p < 0.05). At 30 min and 1 h postinjury, all brain regions except pons-medulla and cerebellum showed significantly reduced rCBF compared to the preinjury values (p < 0.05). By 2 h postinjury, however, a significant focal reduction of rCBF was observed only in the cerebral tissue surrounding the trauma site (p < 0.05); rCBF in the remaining brain regions had recovered to the preinjury levels. By 4 h postinjury, rCBF had returned to normal in all brain regions studied. This recovery of rCBF was still evident at 24 h postinjury. The present study demonstrates that, following the experimental traumatic brain injury in the rat, (a) an initial global suppression of rCBF occurs up to 1 h postinjury; (b) at the trauma site, a more persistent focal reduction of rCBF occurs; and (c) these alterations in rCBF after trauma dissolve by 4 h postinjury. The result was discussed in the context of the neurological, electroencephalographic, magnetic resonance spectroscopic, and pathological findings observed in our lateral F-P brain injury rat model.

Regional cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia while performing an attention task

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Harcourt ◽  
Daniel G. Amen ◽  
Kristin C. Willeumier ◽  
Charles J. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Attention Task

Vorläufige Ergebnisse von 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT-Untersuchungen bei endogenen Psychosen

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
J. Schröder ◽  
H. Henningsen ◽  
H. Sauer ◽  
P. Georgi ◽  
K.-R. Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Hmpao Spect ◽  
Endogenous Psychoses ◽  
The Brain ◽  
99Mtc Hmpao

18 psychopharmacologically treated patients (7 schizophrenics, 5 schizoaffectives, 6 depressives) were studied using 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT of the brain. The regional cerebral blood flow was measured in three transversal sections (infra-/supraventricular, ventricular) within 6 regions of interest (ROI) respectively (one frontal, one parietal and one occipital in each hemisphere). Corresponding ROIs of the same section in each hemisphere were compared. In the schizophrenics there was a significantly reduced perfusion in the left frontal region of the infraventricular and ventricular section (p < 0.02) compared with the data of the depressives. The schizoaffectives took an intermediate place. Since the patients were treated with psychopharmaca, the result must be interpreted cautiously. However, our findings seem to be in accordance with post-mortem-, CT- and PET-studies presented in the literature. Our results suggest that 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT may be helpful in finding cerebral abnormalities in endogenous psychoses.

133Xe-DSPECT: Normalwerte von zerebraler Ruhedurchblutung und Reservekapazität

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kreisig ◽  
P. Schmiedek ◽  
G. Leinsinger ◽  
K. Einhäupl ◽  
E. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Reserve Capacity ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Before And After

Using the 133Xe-DSPECT technique, quantitative measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were performed before and after provocation with acetazolamide (Diamox) i. v. in 32 patients without evidence of brain disease (normals). In 6 cases, additional studies were carried out to establish the time of maximal rCBF increase which was found to be approximately 15 min p. i. 1 g of Diamox increases the rCBF from 58 ±8 at rest to 73±5 ml/100 g/min. A Diamox dose of 2 g (9 cases) causes no further rCBF increase. After plotting the rCBF before provocation (rCBFR) and the Diamox-induced rCBF increase (reserve capacity, Δ rCBF) the regression line was Δ rCBF = −0,6 x rCBFR +50 (correlation coefficient: r = −0,77). In normals with relatively low rCBF values at rest, Diamox increases the reserve capacity much more than in normals with high rCBF values before provocation. It can be expected that this concept of measuring rCBF at rest and the reserve capacity will increase the sensitivity of distinguishing patients with reversible cerebrovascular disease (even bilateral) from normals.

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