Circulatory changes during spontaneous motor activity: role of arterial baroreflexes

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. H426-H433 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ludbrook ◽  
S. J. Potocnik
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Autonomic Ganglion ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Arterial Baroreceptor

Systemic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously measured in rabbits during spontaneous motor activity such as postural change, exploration, grooming, and eating, and during interposed periods of inactivity within which SAP and HR were defined as basal. Six rabbits were observed for 2 h under each of 3 conditions of arterial baroreceptor afferents: all intact (B4); one carotid sinus intact (B1); all interrupted (B0). In B4, SAP and HR were above basal levels 82% of the time; in B1, 64% and 76% of the time, respectively; in B0, only 21% and 28% of the time, respectively. Supplementary experiments in another six rabbits established that the activity-associated falls of SAP in condition B0 were independent of HR, were not due to engagement of cardiac receptor reflexes, and were not abolished by autonomic ganglion blockade. We conclude that the transient rises of SAP and HR that occur during everyday activity are associated with partial or complete suppression of the reflex effects of arterial baroreceptor input, and we suggest that this is due to transient upward resetting of the arterial baroreflex.

Central command differentially affects aortic and carotid sinus baroreflexes at the onset of spontaneous motor activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Matsukawa ◽  
Kei Ishii ◽  
Mitsuhiro Idesako ◽  
Tomoko Ishida ◽  
Kana Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Central Command

Signal transduction of aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors is not modified by central command during spontaneous motor activity in decerebrate cats

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. R735-R746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Matsukawa ◽  
Kei Ishii ◽  
Akito Kadowaki ◽  
Tomoko Ishida ◽  
Mitsuhiro Idesako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Central Command ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Decerebrate Cats

Our laboratory has suggested that central command provides selective inhibition of the cardiomotor component of aortic baroreflex at the start of exercise, preserving carotid sinus baroreflex. It is postulated that central command may modify the signal transduction of aortic baroreceptors, so as to decrease aortic baroreceptor input to the cardiovascular centers, and, thereby, can cause the selective inhibition of aortic baroreflex. To test the hypothesis, we directly analyzed the responses in multifiber aortic nerve activity (AoNA) and carotid sinus nerve activity (CsNA) during spontaneous motor activity in decerebrate, paralyzed cats. The increases of 62–104% in mean AoNA and CsNA were found during spontaneous motor activity, in proportion to a rise of 35 ± 3 mmHg (means ± SE) in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and had an attenuating tendency by restraining heart rate (HR) at the lower intrinsic frequency of 154 ± 6 beats/min. Brief occlusion of the abdominal aorta was conducted before and during spontaneous motor activity to produce a mechanically evoked increase in MAP and, thereby, to examine the stimulus-response relationship of arterial baroreceptors. Although the sensitivity of the MAP-HR baroreflex curve was markedly blunted during spontaneous motor activity, the stimulus-response relationships of AoNA and CsNA were not influenced by spontaneous motor activity, irrespective of the absence or presence of the HR restraint. Thus, it is concluded that aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors can code beat-by-beat blood pressure during spontaneous motor activity in decerebrate cats and that central command is unlikely to modulate the signal transduction of arterial baroreceptors.

Role of carotid sinus baroreflex in attenuating systemic arterial pressure variability studied in anesthetized dogs

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. H720-H729 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yoshida ◽  
Y. Harasawa ◽  
T. Kubota ◽  
H. Chishaki ◽  
T. Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Amplitude Spectrum ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Carotid Sinus Baroreflex ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

Attenuation of systemic arterial pressure (SAP) variability by the carotid sinus baroreflex (CSBR) was quantified in nine anesthetized, vagotomized dogs. SAP amplitude spectrum was compared between open-loop [SAPo(f)] and closed-loop [SAPc(f)] operation of the CSBR. At 0.002 Hz, SAPc amplitude was 3.5 +/- 2.2 (SD) mmHg, and SAPo was 9.6 +/- 3.5 mmHg (P < 0.01). At 0.02 Hz, SAP(c) amplitude was 2.8 +/- 1.2 mmHg, and SAPo was 4.3 +/- 1.2 mmHg (P < 0.05). At higher frequencies, SAPo(f) was indistinguishable from SAPc(f). With the opened CSBR, intracarotid sinus pressure (CSP) was pseudorandomly varied, and the resulting SAP responses were recorded to determine the transfer function from CSP to SAP [HCSP.SAP(f)]. From SAPo(f) and the determined HCSP.SAP(f), we estimated SAP(f) if the CSBR was closed [SAPc,est(f)] and compared it with SAPc(f). These two spectra were similar in each dog over a frequency range of 0.002–0.15 Hz, the differences between SAPo(f) and SAPc(f) being reconcilable with HCSP.SAP(f). Although the anesthetized state and vagotomy may have distorted the transfer characteristics of the CSBR from those in conscious (with the intact vagi) states, the results of the present study indicate that the CSBR attenuated SAP variability mainly in a low-frequency range below 0.02 Hz and that this attenuation was attributable to the transfer properties of the CSBR.

scholarly journals Correction: An essential role of the mouse synapse-associated protein Syap1 in circuits for spontaneous motor activity and rotarod balance

Biology Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. bio048942
Author(s):  
Cora R. von Collenberg ◽  
Dominique Schmitt ◽  
Thomas Rü licke ◽  
Michael Sendtner ◽  
Robert Blum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity

scholarly journals An essential role of the mouse synapse-associated protein Syap1 in circuits for spontaneous motor activity and rotarod balance

Biology Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. bio042366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora R. von Collenberg ◽  
Dominique Schmitt ◽  
Thomas Rülicke ◽  
Michael Sendtner ◽  
Robert Blum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity

Differential effect of central command on aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptor-heart rate reflexes at the onset of spontaneous, fictive motor activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (4) ◽  
pp. H464-H474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Matsukawa ◽  
Kei Ishii ◽  
Akito Kadowaki ◽  
Nan Liang ◽  
Tomoko Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity ◽  
Central Command ◽  
Carotid Sinus Baroreflex ◽  
Decerebrate Cats

Our laboratory has reported that central command blunts the sensitivity of the aortic baroreceptor-heart rate (HR) reflex at the onset of voluntary static exercise in conscious cats and spontaneous contraction in decerebrate cats. The purpose of this study was to examine whether central command attenuates the sensitivity of the carotid sinus baroreceptor-HR reflex at the onset of spontaneous, fictive motor activity in paralyzed, decerebrate cats. We confirmed that aortic nerve (AN)-stimulation-induced bradycardia was markedly blunted to 26 ± 4.4% of the control (21 ± 1.3 beats/min) at the onset of spontaneous motor activity. Although the baroreflex bradycardia by electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN) was suppressed ( P < 0.05) to 86 ± 5.6% of the control (38 ± 1.2 beats/min), the inhibitory effect of spontaneous motor activity was much weaker ( P < 0.05) with CSN stimulation than with AN stimulation. The baroreflex bradycardia elicited by brief occlusion of the abdominal aorta was blunted to 36% of the control (36 ± 1.6 beats/min) during spontaneous motor activity, suggesting that central command is able to inhibit the cardiomotor sensitivity of arterial baroreflexes as the net effect. Mechanical stretch of the triceps surae muscle never affected the baroreflex bradycardia elicited by AN or CSN stimulation and by aortic occlusion, suggesting that muscle mechanoreflex did not modify the cardiomotor sensitivity of aortic and carotid sinus baroreflex. Since the inhibitory effect of central command on the carotid baroreflex pathway, associated with spontaneous motor activity, was much weaker compared with the aortic baroreflex pathway, it is concluded that central command does not force a generalized modulation on the whole pathways of arterial baroreflexes but provides selective inhibition for the cardiomotor component of the aortic baroreflex.

Increase in sympathetic activity with age. I. Role of impairment of arterial baroreflexes

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (4) ◽  
pp. H1113-H1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hajduczok ◽  
M. W. Chapleau ◽  
S. L. Johnson ◽  
F. M. Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Bolus Administration ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Renal Sympathetic

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in arterial baroreflex function with aging. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) obtained in the awake state was 110 +/- 7 mmHg in the young animals (1 yr; n = 5) and 128 +/- 6 mmHg in the old beagles (11 yr; n = 11) (P less than 0.05). In response to bolus administration of varying doses of phenylephrine and nitroglycerin in the conscious state, the slope relating heart rate (HR) to MAP was attenuated significantly in the old animals compared with the young (-0.87 +/- 0.30 vs. -2.35 +/- 0.44 beats.min-1.mmHg-1; P less than 0.05). After atropine, the baroreflex control of HR was abolished in both groups. After anesthesia and sectioning of the aortic depressor nerves, and with isolated carotid sinus pressures (CSP) held at 50 mmHg, absolute renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was significantly greater in the old (368 +/- 40 Hz) vs. the young animals (41 +/- 9 Hz). In the old, the gains of baroreflex inhibition of MAP (0.78 +/- 0.09) and normalized RSNA (0.38 +/- 0.14%/mmHg) during increases in CSP were decreased significantly compared with the young (MAP, 1.16 +/- 0.17 mmHg, and RSNA, 0.72 +/- 0.06%/mmHg). In a subgroup of old normotensive animals (n = 5), the baroreflex gain of RSNA was still attenuated (0.43 +/- 0.11%/mmHg) compared with the young. The reflex reduction in absolute RSNA as a function of baseline RSNA was also impaired in old vs. young beagles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Discharges of aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors during spontaneous motor activity and pharmacologically evoked pressor interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Matsukawa ◽  
Kei Ishii ◽  
Akito Kadowaki ◽  
Tomoko Ishida ◽  
Mitsuhiro Idesako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Spontaneous Motor Activity
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