scholarly journals Benefits of oxytocin administration in obstructive sleep apnea

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. L825-L833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Jain ◽  
Joseph Marbach ◽  
Shawn Kimbro ◽  
David C. Andrade ◽  
Arad Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Oxytocin Receptors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Patient Reported

Activation of oxytocin receptors has shown benefits in animal models of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We tested if nocturnal oxytocin administration could have beneficial effects in OSA patients. Eight patients diagnosed with OSA were administered intranasal oxytocin (40 IU). Changes in cardiorespiratory events during sleep, including apnea and hypopnea durations and frequency, risk of event-associated arousals, and heart rate variability, were assessed. Oxytocin significantly increased indexes of parasympathetic activity, including heart rate variability, total sleep time, and the postpolysommogram sleep assessment score, an index of self-reported sleep satisfaction. Although the apnea-hypopnea index was not significantly changed with oxytocin administration, when apnea and hypopnea events were compared independently, the frequency of hypopneas, but not apneas, was significantly ( P ≤ 0.005) decreased with oxytocin treatment. Both apneas and hypopneas were significantly shortened in duration with oxytocin treatment. Oxytocin treatment significantly decreased the percent of apnea and hypopnea events that were accompanied with an arousal. Oxytocin administration has the potential to restore cardiorespiratory homeostasis and reduce some clinically important (objective and patient-reported) adverse events that occur with OSA. Additional studies are needed to further understand the mechanisms by which oxytocin promotes these changes in cardiorespiratory and autonomic function in OSA patients.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Dynamics in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Heart Rate Variability and Entropy

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Mingyu Fu ◽  
Fengguo Xu ◽  
Fengzhen Hou ◽  
Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a highly prevalent sleep disorder, is closely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our previous work demonstrated that Shannon entropy of the degree distribution (EDD), obtained from the network domain of heart rate variability (HRV), might be a potential indicator for CVD. Method: To investigate the potential association between OSA and EDD, OSA patients and healthy controls (HCs) were identified from a sleep study database. Then EDD was calculated from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals during sleep, followed by cross-sectional comparisons between OSA patients and HCs, and longitudinal comparisons from baseline to follow-up visits. Furthermore, for OSA patients, the association between EDD and OSA severity, measured by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), was also analyzed. Results: Compared with HCs, OSA patients had significantly increased EDD during sleep. A positive correlation between EDD and the severity of OSA was also observed. Although the value of EDD became larger with aging, it was not OSA-specified. Conclusion: Increased EDD derived from ECG signals during sleep might be a potential dynamic biomarker to identify OSA patients from HCs, which may be used in screening OSA with high risk before polysomnography is considered.

scholarly journals Clinical Usefulness of New R-R Interval Analysis Using the Wearable Heart Rate Sensor WHS-1 to Identify Obstructive Sleep Apnea: OSA and RRI Analysis Using a Wearable Heartbeat Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
Takuo Arikawa ◽  
Toshiaki Nakajima ◽  
Hiroko Yazawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Kaneda ◽  
Akiko Haruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Rate Sensor

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly associated with cardiovascular diseases, but most patients remain undiagnosed. Cyclic variation of heart rate (CVHR) occurs during the night, and R-R interval (RRI) analysis using a Holter electrocardiogram has been reported to be useful in screening for OSA. We investigated the usefulness of RRI analysis to identify OSA using the wearable heart rate sensor WHS-1 and newly developed algorithm. WHS-1 and polysomnography simultaneously applied to 30 cases of OSA. By using the RRI averages calculated for each time series, tachycardia with CVHR was identified. The ratio of integrated RRIs determined by integrated RRIs during CVHR and over all sleep time were calculated by our newly developed method. The patient was diagnosed as OSA according to the predetermined criteria. It correlated with the apnea hypopnea index and 3% oxygen desaturation index. In the multivariate analysis, it was extracted as a factor defining the apnea hypopnea index (r = 0.663, p = 0.003) and 3% oxygen saturation index (r = 0.637, p = 0.008). Twenty-five patients could be identified as OSA. We developed the RRI analysis using the wearable heart rate sensor WHS-1 and a new algorithm, which may become an expeditious and cost-effective screening tool for identifying OSA.

scholarly journals Altered K-complex morphology during sustained inspiratory airflow limitation is associated with next-day lapses in vigilance in obstructive sleep apnea

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Parekh ◽  
Korey Kam ◽  
Anna E Mullins ◽  
Bresne Castillo ◽  
Asem Berkalieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Complex Morphology ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Inspiratory Airflow Limitation ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance

Abstract Study Objectives Determine if changes in K-complexes associated with sustained inspiratory airflow limitation (SIFL) during N2 sleep are associated with next-day vigilance and objective sleepiness. Methods Data from thirty subjects with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea who completed three in-lab polysomnograms: diagnostic, on therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and on suboptimal CPAP (4 cmH2O below optimal titrated CPAP level) were analyzed. Four 20-min psychomotor vigilance tests (PVT) were performed after each PSG, every 2 h. Changes in the proportion of spontaneous K-complexes and spectral characteristics surrounding K-complexes were evaluated for K-complexes associated with both delta (∆SWAK), alpha (∆αK) frequencies. Results Suboptimal CPAP induced SIFL (14.7 (20.9) vs 2.9 (9.2); %total sleep time, p < 0.001) with a small increase in apnea–hypopnea index (AHI3A: 6.5 (7.7) vs 1.9 (2.3); p < 0.01) versus optimal CPAP. K-complex density (num./min of stage N2) was higher on suboptimal CPAP (0.97 ± 0.7 vs 0.65±0.5, #/min, mean ± SD, p < 0.01) above and beyond the effect of age, sex, AHI3A, and duration of SIFL. A decrease in ∆SWAK with suboptimal CPAP was associated with increased PVT lapses and explained 17% of additional variance in PVT lapses. Within-night during suboptimal CPAP K-complexes appeared to alternate between promoting sleep and as arousal surrogates. Electroencephalographic changes were not associated with objective sleepiness. Conclusions Sustained inspiratory airflow limitation is associated with altered K-complex morphology including the increased occurrence of K-complexes with bursts of alpha as arousal surrogates. These findings suggest that sustained inspiratory flow limitation may be associated with nonvisible sleep fragmentation and contribute to increased lapses in vigilance.

scholarly journals Symbolic dynamics marker of heart rate variability combined with clinical variables enhance obstructive sleep apnea screening

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 024404 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ravelo-García ◽  
P. Saavedra-Santana ◽  
G. Juliá-Serdá ◽  
J. L. Navarro-Mesa ◽  
J. Navarro-Esteva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Augmented Very Low Frequency Component of Heart Rate Variability During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

SLEEP ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Shiomi ◽  
Christian Guilleminault ◽  
Ryujiro Sasanabe ◽  
Izumi Hirota ◽  
Masato Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract TMP55: Polysomnographic and Sleep-related Variables Associated to Leukoaraiosis in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Duque ◽  
Brian Villafuerte ◽  
Fiorella Adrianzen ◽  
Rodrigo Zamudio ◽  
Andrea Mendiola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Medical Histories

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a biological plausible risk factor for leukoaraiosis (LA). We tested the hypothesis that polysomnographic (PSG) and sleep-related variables are associated to LA in OSA patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which PSG records, medical histories and brain 1.5T MRI were collected from all consecutive patients who had attended a Sleep Medicine Center between 2009-2014. LA was graded from 0 to 9 with the ’Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities’ study scale. OSA was defined by The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2014, and its severity categorizing according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, <15 mild, 15 to <30 moderate, 30 to <45 severe and ≥45 very severe). A multinomial logistic regression was performed to describe the association between OSA severity and LA (divided into 2 groups: mild-to-moderate LA and non-to-minimal LA). The covariates for all regression models were age, gender, BMI, hypertension, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes and pack-year of smoking. Results: From 82 OSA patients (77% male; mean age 58±9 years, range 19-91), 54 (66%) had LA. Mild-to-moderate LA was found in 13 patients (8 mild and 5 moderate LA) and non-to-minimal LA in 69 (41 minimal and 28 non LA). Spearman’s correlation coefficient between AHI and LA grade was 0.41 (p<0.001). Furthermore, the higher OSA severity, the higher LA severity (p<0.001, for Jonckheere-Terpstra test for ordered alternatives). In the multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for cofounders, severe OSA patients had higher risk for mild or moderate LA (HR 12.8, 95% IC 1.2-141) compared to mild-to-moderate OSA patients. Additionally, self-reported habitual sleep duration from 7 to 9 hours (HR 0.36, 90% IC 0.14-0.90) and proportion of time in apnea/hypopnea over total sleep time (HR 1.04 for one unit increase, 90% IC 1.01-1.08) could be associated with the presence of LA (adjusted only for age and gender). In a multiple regression analysis with all the aforementioned variables, age (p=0.002), diabetes (p=0.003), and OSA severity (p=0.04) were predictors of the presence of LA. Conclusion: Patients with severe OSA had higher risk for mild to moderate LA when compared to patients with mild or moderate OSA.

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