Evaluation of use of left coronary artery inflow and O2 content of coronary sinus blood as a measure of left ventricular metabolism

Page 817: C. R. Rayford, E. M. Khouri, F. B. Lewis and D. E. Gregg, “Evaluation of use of left coronary artery inflow and O2 content of coronary sinus blood as a measure of left ventricular metabolism.” Under methods line 12 should read: After the coronary sinus was carefully dissected, a suture was passed around it for cannulation. The suture was placed distal to the orifices of the coronary veins which drain near the mouth of the coronary sinus (verified at autopsy).

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Evaluation of use of left coronary artery inflow and O2 content of coronary sinus blood as a measure of left ventricular metabolism

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1959.14.5.817 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 817-822 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

C. R. Rayford ◽

E. M. Khouri ◽

F. B. Lewis ◽

D. E. Gregg

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Sinus ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Perfusion Pressure ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Coronary Perfusion ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Precise Measure ◽

Pulmonary Artery Constriction ◽

Coronary Sinus Blood

Experiments reported here show that the coronary sinus blood is derived almost entirely from the left coronary artery inflow and is not significantly contaminated with blood from other myocardial territories. The special cannula used for cannulating the coronary sinus permits drainage of all veins which empty into the coronary sinus. In consequence, the percentage of left coronary artery inflow recovered in the coronary sinus is high (usually 80–90%) and reasonably constant during changes in coronary perfusion pressure, aortic constriction, administration of epinephrine or norepinephrine, hemorrhage and reinfusion, induced ventricular fibrillation, and pulmonary artery constriction. The use of the arteriovenous oxygen difference between the arterial and coronary sinus blood in combination with left coronary artery inflow as a precise measure of left ventricular metabolism is validated under these experimental conditions. Submitted on January 29, 1959

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Assessment of swine left ventricular torsion after left coronary artery occlusion using 2-D speckle tracking imaging

European Journal of Heart Failure Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-4215(08)60346-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 124-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W RUAN ◽

Y SUN ◽

M CAO ◽

Q ZHANG ◽

L LU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Speckle Tracking ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Speckle Tracking Imaging ◽

Left Ventricular Torsion ◽

Ventricular Torsion

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Repair of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA) beyond Infancy

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf98.20131008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 210 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sachin Talwar ◽

Aandrei Jivendra Jha ◽

Shiv Kumar Choudhary ◽

Saurabh Kumar Gupta ◽

Balram Airan

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Nyha Class ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Ejection ◽

Anomalous Left Coronary Artery ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Anomalous Left Coronary

Between January 2002 and December 2012, five patients (4 female) underwent corrective surgery for anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). They were older than 1 year (range, 3-56 years). One of the 2 patients younger than 10 years had presented with congestive heart failure, and the other had experienced repeated episodes of lower respiratory tract infection since childhood. Of the remaining 3 adult patients, 2 had experienced angina with effort, and 1 patient had had repeated respiratory tract infections since childhood, with mild dyspnea on effort of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II. Three patients had the anomalous left coronary artery implanted directly into the ascending aorta via coronary-button transfer, and 2 patients underwent coronary artery bypass with obliteration of the left main ostium. Two patients underwent concomitant mitral valve repair procedures, and 1 patient underwent direct closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Four patients survived the surgery, and 1 patient died because of a persistently low cardiac output. Follow-up times ranged from 3 months to 4 years. All survivors are in NYHA class I and have left ventricular ejection fractions of 45% to 60%, with moderate (n = 1), mild (n = 1), or no (n = 2) mitral insufficiency. We conclude that a few naturally selected patients with ALCAPA do survive beyond infancy and can undergo establishment of 2 coronary systems with satisfactory results.

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Changes in Hemodynamics and Bradykinin Concentration in Coronary Sinus Blood in Experimental Coronary Artery Occlusion

Japanese Heart Journal ◽

10.1536/ihj.18.679 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 679-689 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Keiichi HASHIMOTO ◽

Masaru HIROSE ◽

Soichi FURUKAWA ◽

Hirokazu HAYAKAWA ◽

Eiichi KIMURA

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Sinus ◽

Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Coronary Sinus Blood

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Outcomes of surgical repair of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in infants and children

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s104795112100161x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Tong Feng ◽

Guo Zhangke ◽

Bai Song ◽

Fan Fan ◽

Zhen Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Surgical Repair ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Anomalous Origin ◽

Dimension Index

Abstract Objectives: Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is associated with high mortality if not timely surgery. We reviewed our experience with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery to assess the preoperative variables predictive of outcome and post-operative recovery of left ventricular function. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted and collected data from patients who underwent anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery repair at our institute from April 2005 to December 2019. Left ventricular function was assessed by ejection fraction and the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index. The outcomes of reimplantation repair were analysed. Results: A total of 30 consecutive patients underwent anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery repair, with a median age of 14.7 months (range, 1.5–59.6 months), including 14 females (46.67%). Surgery was performed with direct coronary reimplantation in 12 patients (40%) and the coronary lengthening technique in 18 (60%). Twelve patients had concomitant mitral annuloplasty. There were two in-hospital deaths (6.67%), no patients required mechanical support, and no late deaths occurred. Follow-up echocardiograms demonstrated significant improvement between the post-operative time point and the last follow-up in ejection fraction (49.43%±19.92% vs 60.21%±8.27%, p < 0.01) and in moderate or more severe mitral regurgitation (19/30 vs 5/28, p < 0.01). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index decreased from 101.91 ± 23.07 to 65.06 ± 12.82 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Surgical repair of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery has good mid-term results with low mortality and reintervention rates. The coronary lengthening technique has good operability and leads to excellent cardiac recovery. The decision to concomitantly correct mitral regurgitation should be flexible and be based on the pathological changes of the mitral valve and the degree of mitral regurgitation.

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Induction of myocardial infarcts of a predictable size and location by branch pattern probability-assisted coronary ligation in C57BL/6 mice

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00862.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 286 (3) ◽

pp. H1201-H1207 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Dongchoon Ahn ◽

Linda Cheng ◽

Chanil Moon ◽

Harold Spurgeon ◽

Edward G. Lakatta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Myocardial Infarctions ◽

Branch Points ◽

Left Main ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Disease Research ◽

Coronary Ligation

The ability to create experimental myocardial infarctions of reproducible size and location is tantamount to progress in multiple facets of ischemic heart disease research. Branches of the mouse left main descending coronary artery penetrate the myocardium close to their origin and require “blind” ligation. Our objective was to develop a technique for ligation of nonvisible coronary artery branches to permit the reliable creation of infarcts of uniformly small size and location. From latex castings of the left coronary artery of C57BL/6J mice ( n = 53), we calculated the highest probability for the location of branch points of two of three left ventricular (LV) branches distal to the origin of the left main descending artery. On the basis of these anatomic probabilities, we blindly ligated two areas that were likely to be locations of these nonvisible LV branches. We were successful in producing two types of small transmural myocardial infarctions (16.04 ± 3.64 and 4.68 ± 1.47% of the LV) in 57% of attempts. Thus our branch pattern probability-assisted method permits routine creation of small infarcts of uniform size in the mouse.

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MORPHOMETRIC ANATOMY AND INTRAORGAN TOPOGRAPHY OF THE CORONARY ORIFICES IN HEART OF ADULT HUMAN

Морфология ◽

10.34922/ae.2020.158.4.006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 40-47

Author(s):

Андрей Аркадьевич Якимов ◽

Евгения Германовна Дмитриева

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Blood Supply ◽

Coronary Sinus ◽

Left Coronary Artery ◽

Rare Variants ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Aortic Valves ◽

Sinotubular Junction ◽

Adult Human ◽

The Right

Цель - выявить варианты строения и внутриорганной топографии устьев венечных артерий у взрослого человека при разных типах кровоснабжения желудочкового комплекса сердца. Материал и методы. На вскрытых через некоронарные синусы аорты 65 препаратах клапанов аорты взрослых людей изучили положение устьев венечных артерий, штангенциркулем измеряли минимальный и максимальный диаметры каждого устья, определяли их форму по соотношению диаметров. Результаты. Для устьев обеих артерий типичной была округлая, реже овальная форма. В большинстве случаев левая венечная артерия начиналась в центральной трети, правая - в центральной или задней трети «своего» синуса на уровне верхнего края полулунной заслонки или между ним и синотубулярным соединением. Локализация устьев в пределах синусов, на уровне синотубулярного соединения или выше него была редкой для обеих артерий. В 20 % случаев в правом синусе аорты спереди от устья правой венечной артерии имелось устье конусной артерии. Выводы. Типичные и редкие варианты формы правого и левого устьев, варианты их положения по вертикальной оси аорты одинаковы, варианты их положения по горизонтали различны. Зависимость вариантов формы и положения устьев от типа кровоснабжения желудочков сердца не выявлена. Objective - to reveal common and rare variants of the anatomy and intraorganic topography of the coronary orifices in normal hearts of adult human with regard to patterns of cardiac ventricular blood supply. Material and methods. On 65 specimens of aortic valves opened through non-coronary sinus, the minimal and maximal diameters of each orifice were measured with a caliper, the shape of the orifices was determined according to the ratio of the diameters, and the position of the orifices was studied. Results. The orifices of both right and left coronary arteries were mostly found to be round, less frequently oval. In most cases, the left coronary artery arose from the central third and the right artery arose from the central or posterior third of corresponding sinus at the level of the upper edge of the semilunar cusp or between the edge and the sinotubular junction. The localization of the arterial orifice within the sinuses at the level of sinotubular junction or above it was uncommon for the both arteries. In 20 % of cases, the conal artery arose with its own orifice in front of the mouth of the right coronary artery. Conclusions. Typical and rare shapes of the coronary orifices, variants of their position regarding to vertical axis of the aorta are the same, whereas variants of their position in horizontal axis are different. There is no relationship between variants of form of the orifices, position of the orifices and types of blood supply of heart ventricles.

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