Selected Contribution: Circadian rhythm variation in activity, body temperature, and heart rate between C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J inbred strains

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarke G. Tankersley ◽  
Rafael Irizarry ◽  
Susan Flanders ◽  
Richard Rabold
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Control ◽  
Deep Body Temperature

Inbred mice have been routinely used in studies of genetic effects that determine behavioral variation due to circadian rhythm. In addition to activity patterns (Act), we aimed to characterize variations in the circadian rhythm of deep-body temperature (Tdb) and heart rate (HR) in a specific genetic model of differential cardiorespiratory control. Radiotelemeters were implanted in C3H/HeJ (C3; n = 11) and C57BL/6J (B6; n = 11) inbred strains. Reciprocal first-generation offspring, B6C3F1/J (B6F1; n = 8) and C3B6F1 (C3F1; n = 3) mice, were included to initiate an evaluation of heritable phenotypes. Mice were housed individually in a facility maintained at 23–24°C, and the light-dark cycle was set at 12-h intervals. In each animal, repeated measurements were obtained at 30-min intervals, and the circadian patterns of Act, Tdb, and HR were assessed by novel statistical methods that detailed the periodic function for each strain. During the dark phase, B6 mice demonstrated two distinct peaks in Act and Tdb relative to a single early peak for C3 mice. In contrast to the parental strains, B6F1 and C3F1 mice demonstrated intermediate second peaks in Act and Tdb. With respect to HR, the C3 strain demonstrated a significantly ( P < 0.01) greater daily average compared with B6 mice. The circadian rhythm in HR differed significantly from the Act and Tdb patterns in B6 mice (but not in C3 mice); that is, the periodicity in HR for B6 mice preceded the rise and fall in Act and Tdb during both peaks. The B6 phenotype was also observed in F1 mice. In conclusion, these data suggest that the circadian regulation of Act, Tdb, and HR vary significantly among C3, B6, and F1 mice. Furthermore, phenotypic differences between C3 and B6 strains can be used to explore the genetic basis for differential circadian regulation of body temperature and HR.

Circadian rhythm abnormalities of deep body temperature in depressive disorders

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Daimon ◽  
Naoto Yamada ◽  
Tetsushi Tsujimoto ◽  
Saburo Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Deep Body

Effect of a precooling maneuver on body temperature and exercise performance

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Schmidt ◽  
K. Bruck
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Sweat Secretion ◽  
Maximum Work

Twelve subjects exercised to exhaustion at an ambient temperature of 18 degrees C on a bicycle ergometer with the load being stepwise increased. On one day, exercise was preceded by a precooling maneuver. In the precooling tests, deep body temperature attained values of about 1 degree C lower than in the control tests. There was no indication of metabolic cold defense reactions being evoked throughout the exercise period. In the precooling tests, heart rate was significantly lower than in the controls, but the mean maximum work rate, peak oxygen uptake (VO2), time to exhaustion, and total work were not reduced, i.e., work rate and VO2 were increased for a given heart rate. In the three subjects with the lowest maximum work rates, total work and exhaustion time and, in two cases, maximum work rate were increased after precooling. The onset of sweating occurred at higher work rates but at lower core, mean skin, and mean body temperature after precooling. However, the accumulated sweat secretion was considerably smaller after precooling, indicating less thermoregulatory effort.

scholarly journals Applications of a novel radiotelemetry method for the measurement of intrathoracic pressures and physiological rhythms in freely behaving mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-1005
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Foster ◽  
Jade P. Marrow ◽  
Melissa A. Allwood ◽  
Keith R. Brunt ◽  
Jeremy A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Hypoxic Stress ◽  
Chronic Recording ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Freely Behaving ◽  
First Time

We have demonstrated for the first time in mice that radiotelemetry is an effective tool for the continuous and chronic recording of intrathoracic pressure (ITP) to facilitate circadian rhythm analyses. We show that continuous 24-h hypoxic stress alters the circadian rhythms of heart rate, body temperature, activity, and respiratory parameters, acutely and perpetually, through normoxic recovery. Radiotelemetry of ITP can complement traditional methods for evaluating respiratory function and better our understanding of respiratory pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Mixing induces long-term hyperthermia in growing pigs

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. de Jong ◽  
E. Lambooij ◽  
S. M. Korte ◽  
H. J. Blokhuis ◽  
J. M. Koolhaas
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Sensitive Parameter ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
Deep Body

AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was to determine whether body temperature is a sensitive parameter to measure long-term effects of stress in pigs. Mixing of unacquainted pigs is a severe stressor that has detrimental effects on health, production and welfare. We measured deep body temperature after mixing growing pigs. Five pigs of 15 weeks of age, each individually housed with a companion pig, were mixed with two unacquainted congeners. Deep body temperature, heart rate and activity were recorded by radiotelemetry 9 days prior to until 8 days after mixing. These parameters were also recorded in five control pigs (individually housed with a companion pig) during the same time span. Behaviour during the light period was recorded on videotape on the day of mixing and on three subsequent days. Mixing induced a significant rise in body temperature that lasted for 8 h after mixing. Although heart rate and general activity level did not significantly differ between mixed and control pigs, mixing significantly increased the frequency of fighting and reduced the frequency of eating. In conclusion, the present experiment shows that mixing induces a long-lasting hyperthermia in pigs. Thus, deep body temperature may be used as a sensitive parameter to measure long-term effects of stress in pigs.

Circadian Rhythm Estimation by Core Body Temperature Filtered with Simultaneously Recorded Physiological Data

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakano ◽  
E. Koyama ◽  
T. Imai ◽  
H. Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Heart Rate Data ◽  
Core Body

Abstract.In field measurements, monitoring of core body temperature is influenced by physical activities; therefore, the estimation of circadian rhythm from the data may not be exact. The purpose of this study is to design a core body temperature filter in order to reduce artifacts induced by physical activities using simultaneously recorded physiological data such as heart rate data.The effects of physical activities on core body temperature and heart rate are assessed through three experiments. Based on the above knowledge, a core body temperature filter was designed. The filter removes part of rectal temperature data as artifact when heart rate rises above a predetermined threshold. As a result, most of the spike-like noise was removed and the filtered temperature data showed sinusoidal variation more than the unfiltered data. The mesor of the estimated rhythm significantly decreased. This filtering method can provide more precise information about circadian rhythm, especially in field measurements.

24-hour control of body temperature in rats. I. Integration of behavioral and autonomic effectors

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. R71-R77 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Gradient System ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Dark Transition

Some studies suggest that the nocturnal elevation in core temperature (Tc) of the rat is mediated by an elevation in the set point. The role of set point can be assessed if behavioral effectors are measured simultaneously with other thermoregulatory effectors and Tc over a 24-h period. Selected ambient temperature (STa) and motor activity (MA) were measured in rats housed in a temperature gradient system with a 12:12-h photoperiod (lights on 0600 h). Tc and heart rate (HR) were monitored by telemetry. During the light phase, STa, Tc, HR, and MA were relatively stable with values 29.0 degrees C, 37.1 degrees C, 310 beats/min, and 1-2 m/h, respectively. During the light-to-dark transition there were abrupt elevations in Tc, HR, and MA but no change in STa. STa decreased during the dark phase and reached a nadir of 23 degrees C at 0500 h. All variables recovered to basal levels within 3-4 h after the onset of the light phase. Overall, autonomic effectors control the elevation in Tc during the onset of the dark phase while behavioral effectors have little if any role. Behavioral thermoregulation is important in two ways: 1) the selection of cooler Ta values at night to prevent an excess elevation in Tc and 2) a preference for cooler Ta values before the light phase to facilitate the recovery of Tc.

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