Informative features of local field potential signals in primary visual cortex during natural image stimulation

The local field potential (LFP) is of growing importance in neurophysiology as a metric of network activity and as a readout signal for use in brain-machine interfaces. However, there are uncertainties regarding the kind and visual field extent of information carried by LFP signals, as well as the specific features of the LFP signal conveying such information, especially under naturalistic conditions. To address these questions, we recorded LFP responses to natural images in V1 of awake and anesthetized macaques using Utah multielectrode arrays. First, we have shown that it is possible to identify presented natural images from the LFP responses they evoke using trained Gabor wavelet (GW) models. Because GW models were devised to explain the spiking responses of V1 cells, this finding suggests that local spiking activity and LFPs (thought to reflect primarily local synaptic activity) carry similar visual information. Second, models trained on scalar metrics, such as the evoked LFP response range, provide robust image identification, supporting the informative nature of even simple LFP features. Third, image identification is robust only for the first 300 ms following image presentation, and image information is not restricted to any of the spectral bands. This suggests that the short-latency broadband LFP response carries most information during natural scene viewing. Finally, best image identification was achieved by GW models incorporating information at the scale of ∼0.5° in size and trained using four different orientations. This suggests that during natural image viewing, LFPs carry stimulus-specific information at spatial scales corresponding to few orientation columns in macaque V1.

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Natural image reconstruction on the basis of local field potential signals of pigeon optic tectum neurons

Neuroreport ◽

10.1097/wnr.0000000000001077 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (13) ◽

pp. 1092-1098 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhizhong Wang ◽

Xingyang Jiao ◽

Songwei Wang ◽

Xiaoke Niu ◽

Li Shi

Keyword(s):

Image Reconstruction ◽

Local Field ◽

Optic Tectum ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Field Potential ◽

Natural Image

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In vivo beta and gamma subthreshold oscillations in rat mitral cells: origin and gating by respiratory dynamics

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00053.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 119 (1) ◽

pp. 274-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicolas Fourcaud-Trocmé ◽

Virginie Briffaud ◽

Marc Thévenet ◽

Nathalie Buonviso ◽

Corine Amat

Keyword(s):

Membrane Potential ◽

Olfactory Bulb ◽

Local Field ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Respiratory Rhythm ◽

Field Potential ◽

Synaptic Activity ◽

Spike Discharge ◽

Subthreshold Oscillations

In mammals, olfactory bulb (OB) dynamics are paced by slow and fast oscillatory rhythms at multiple levels: local field potential, spike discharge, and/or membrane potential oscillations. Interactions between these levels have been well studied for the slow rhythm linked to animal respiration. However, less is known regarding rhythms in the fast beta (10–35 Hz) and gamma (35–100 Hz) frequency ranges, particularly at the membrane potential level. Using a combination of intracellular and extracellular recordings in the OB of freely breathing rats, we show that beta and gamma subthreshold oscillations (STOs) coexist intracellularly and are related to extracellular local field potential (LFP) oscillations in the same frequency range. However, they are differentially affected by changes in cell excitability and by odor stimulation. This leads us to suggest that beta and gamma STOs may rely on distinct mechanisms: gamma STOs would mainly depend on mitral cell intrinsic resonance, while beta STOs could be mainly driven by synaptic activity. In a second study, we find that STO occurrence and timing are constrained by the influence of the slow respiratory rhythm on mitral and tufted cells. First, respiratory-driven excitation seems to favor gamma STOs, while respiratory-driven inhibition favors beta STOs. Second, the respiratory rhythm is needed at the subthreshold level to lock gamma and beta STOs in similar phases as their LFP counterparts and to favor the correlation between STO frequency and spike discharge. Overall, this study helps us to understand how the interaction between slow and fast rhythms at all levels of OB dynamics shapes its functional output. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the mammalian olfactory bulb of a freely breathing anesthetized rat, we show that both beta and gamma membrane potential fast oscillation ranges exist in the same mitral and tufted (M/T) cell. Importantly, our results suggest they have different origins and that their interaction with the slow subthreshold oscillation (respiratory rhythm) is a key mechanism to organize their dynamics, favoring their functional implication in olfactory bulb information processing.

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Odor- and state-dependent olfactory tubercle local field potential dynamics in awake rats

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00829.2013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 111 (10) ◽

pp. 2109-2123 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kaitlin S. Carlson ◽

Maggie R. Dillione ◽

Daniel W. Wesson

Keyword(s):

Local Field ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Internal State ◽

Respiratory Rhythm ◽

Field Potential ◽

Network Activity ◽

Olfactory Tubercle ◽

State Dependent ◽

Awake Rat

The olfactory tubercle (OT), a trilaminar structure located in the basal forebrain of mammals, is thought to play an important role in olfaction. While evidence has accumulated regarding the contributions of the OT to odor information processing, studies exploring the role of the OT in olfaction in awake animals remain unavailable. In the present study, we begin to address this void through multiday recordings of local field potential (LFP) activity within the OT of awake, freely exploring Long-Evans rats. We observed spontaneous OT LFP activity consisting of theta- (2–12 Hz), beta- (15–35 Hz) and gamma- (40–80 Hz) band activity, characteristic of previous reports of LFPs in other principle olfactory structures. Beta- and gamma-band powers were enhanced upon odor presentation. Simultaneous recordings of OT and upstream olfactory bulb (OB) LFPs revealed odor-evoked LFP power at statistically similar levels in both structures. Strong spectral coherence was observed between the OT and OB during both spontaneous and odor-evoked states. Furthermore, the OB theta rhythm more strongly cohered with the respiratory rhythm, and respiratory-coupled theta cycles in the OT occurred following theta cycles in the OB. Finally, we found that the animal's internal state modulated LFP activity in the OT. Together, these data provide initial insights into the network activity of the OT in the awake rat, including spontaneous rhythmicity, odor-evoked modulation, connectivity with upstream sensory input, and state-dependent modulation.

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Measurements of Subthreshold and Fast Population Neuronal Activity with Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicator GCaMP-6f

10.1101/505834 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Pinggan Li ◽

Xinling Geng ◽

Huiyi Jiang ◽

Adam Caccavano ◽

Stefano Vicini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Activity ◽

Local Field ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Action Potentials ◽

Neuronal Response ◽

Field Potential ◽

Network Activity ◽

Population Activity ◽

Calcium Indicators ◽

Local Field Potential Lfp

GCaMP-6f is among the best calcium indicators and has been widely used for monitoring neuronal activity in the brain. Applications are at cellular level (calcium transients of action potentials) or population activity (fluorimetry) during network events. Two important issues remain less explored: 1) Is GCaMP-6f signal sensitive enough for detecting subthreshold activity, similar to the sensitivity of local field potential (LFP)? 2) Is the GCaMP-6f signal fast enough for detecting network oscillations seen in LFP? Here the two issues are explored in a number of network events including hippocampus sharp waves (SWs), carbachol induced theta oscillations, interictal-like spikes and neuronal response evoked by high frequency stimuli. SWs are a typical network event with the majority of neurons receiving subthreshold excitatory or inhibitory synaptic input without firing action potentials. The excitatory/inhibitory post synaptic potentials (EPSP/IPSP) in the neuropil become detectable in local field potential (LFP) signals. We compare simultaneously recorded LFP and optical recording of GCaMP-6f fluorescent signals in Thy1-GCaMP-6f mice hippocampal slices. We found that the occurrence of SWs produces a clear population GCaMP-6f signal of 0.3% dF/F. This population GCaMP-6f signal correlated well with the LFP, albeit a delay of ~50 ms was observed. The population GCaMP-6f signal follows well with the 20 Hz population activity evoked by electric stimuli, while activity up to 40 Hz was detected with reduced amplitude. GCaMP-6f and LFP signals showed a large amplitude discrepancy. The amplitude of GCaMP increased ~1000 times from SW to carbachol induced theta burst, while the LFP changed less than 10 times. Our results suggested that population GCaMP-6f signals may become a sensitive tool for detecting network activity, especially for that with low LFP amplitude during elevated spiking rate but asynchronized events. GCaMP signal is fast enough for monitoring theta and beta oscillations (<25Hz) in the neuronal population. Faster calcium indicators (e.g., GCaMP-7) may improve the frequency response property for detecting gamma band oscillations. In addition, population GCaMP recordings are non-contact and free from stimulation artifacts. These features may be useful for high throughput recordings and applications sensitive to stimulus artifact, e.g., monitoring response during continuous stimulations.

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Cortico-cortical feedback from V2 exerts a powerful influence over the visually evoked local field potential and associated spike timing in V1

10.1101/792010 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Till S. Hartmann ◽

Sruti Raja ◽

Stephen G. Lomber ◽

Richard T. Born

Keyword(s):

Local Field ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Pyramidal Neurons ◽

Field Potential ◽

Rhythmic Activity ◽

Sudden Onset ◽

Spike Timing ◽

Synaptic Activity ◽

Coincidence Detection ◽

Gamma Range

AbstractThe local field potential (LFP) is generally thought to be dominated by synaptic activity within a few hundred microns of the recording electrode. The sudden onset of a visual stimulus causes a large downward deflection of the LFP recorded in primary visual cortex, known as a visually evoked potential (VEP), followed by rhythmic oscillations in the gamma range (30-80 Hz) that are often in phase with action potentials of nearby neurons. By inactivating higher visual areas that send feedback projections to V1, we produced a large decrease in amplitude of the VEP, and a strong attenuation of gamma rhythms in both the LFP and multi-unit activity, despite an overall increase in neuronal spike rates. Our results argue that much of the recurrent, rhythmic activity measured in V1 is strongly gated by feed-back from higher areas, consistent with models of coincidence detection that result in burst firing by layer 5 pyramidal neurons.

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Local Field Potential Activity Associated with Temporal Expectations in the Macaque Lateral Intraparietal Area

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00221 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1314-1330 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Elsie Premereur ◽

Wim Vanduffel ◽

Peter Janssen

Keyword(s):

Local Field ◽

Local Field Potential ◽

Visual Stimulation ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Field Potential ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Network Activity ◽

Local Network ◽

Saccade Target ◽

Lateral Intraparietal Area

Oscillatory brain activity is attracting increasing interest in cognitive neuroscience. Numerous EEG (magnetoencephalography) and local field potential (LFP) measurements have related cognitive functions to different types of brain oscillations, but the functional significance of these rhythms remains poorly understood. Despite its proven value, LFP activity has not been extensively tested in the macaque lateral intraparietal area (LIP), which has been implicated in a wide variety of cognitive control processes. We recorded action potentials and LFPs in area LIP during delayed eye movement tasks and during a passive fixation task, in which the time schedule was fixed so that temporal expectations about task-relevant cues could be formed. LFP responses in the gamma band discriminated reliably between saccade targets and distractors inside the receptive field (RF). Alpha and beta responses were much less strongly affected by the presence of a saccade target, however, but rose sharply in the waiting period before the go signal. Surprisingly, conditions without visual stimulation of the LIP-RF-evoked robust LFP responses in every frequency band—most prominently in those below 50 Hz—precisely time-locked to the expected time of stimulus onset in the RF. These results indicate that in area LIP, oscillations in the LFP, which reflect synaptic input and local network activity, are tightly coupled to the temporal expectation of task-relevant cues.

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