scholarly journals Memory Functioning in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abbruzzese ◽  
L. Bellodi ◽  
S. Ferri ◽  
S. Scarone
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Memory Functioning

A number of studies have reported neuropsychological deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These have mainly implicated frontal or temporal dysfunction. In this study, we compared the performances of OCD patients and normal subjects using a factorial interpretation of the Wechsler Memory Scale. Our results do not demonstrate significant memory impairment in OCD patients but point to the possibility of frontal lobe dysfunction as a factor in the pathophysiology of OCD.

scholarly journals Specific cognitive deficits in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction in obsessive–compulsive disorder

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1261-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Veale ◽  
B. J. Sahakian ◽  
A. M. Owen ◽  
I. M. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Attentional System

SynopsisForty patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) were compared to matched healthy controls on neuropsychological tests which are sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. On a computerized version of the Tower of London test of planning, the patients were no different from healthy controls in the accuracy of their solutions. However, when they made a mistake, they spent more time than the controls in generating alternative solutions or checking that the next move would be correct. The results suggest that OCD patients have a selective deficit in generating alternative strategies when they make a mistake. In a separate attentional set-shifting task, OCD patients were impaired in a simple discrimination learning task and showed a continuous cumulative increase in the number who failed at each stage of the task, including the crucial extra-dimensional set shifting stage. This suggests that OCD patients show deficits in both acquiring and maintaining cognitive sets.The cognitive deficits in OCD may be summarized as: (i) being easily distracted by other competing stimuli; (ii) excessive monitoring and checking of the response to ensure a mistake does not occur; and (iii) when a mistake does occur, being more rigid at setting aside the main goal and planning the necessary subgoals. Both studies support the evidence of fronto-striatal dysfunction in OCD and the results are discussed in terms of an impaired Supervisory Attentional System.

Cognitive Frontal Lobe Dysfunction in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 666-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schmidtke ◽  
Alexander Schorb ◽  
Gabriele Winkelmann ◽  
Fritz Hohagen
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Childhood neuropsychological deficits associated with adult obsessive–compulsive disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Grisham ◽  
Tracy M. Anderson ◽  
Richie Poulton ◽  
Terrie E. Moffitt ◽  
Gavin Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Visuomotor Skills

BackgroundExisting neuropsychological studies of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are cross-sectional and do not provide evidence of whether deficits are trait-related (antecedent and independent of symptomatology) or state-related (a consequence, dependent on symptomatology).AimsTo investigate whether there are premorbid neuropsychological deficits associated with adult OCD.MethodLongitudinal data were collected from participants of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Developmental study. Neuropsychological data collected at age 13 were linked with age 32 diagnosis of OCD.ResultsThe group who had OCD at age 32 differed significantly from the control group with no OCD on their performance at age 13 on neuropsychological tests of visuospatial, visuoconstructive and visuomotor skills, controlling for gender and socioeconomic status, but did not differ on tests of general IQ or verbal ability. Performance of the group with OCD on tests of executive functioning was mixed.ConclusionsIndividuals with OCD have premorbid impairment in visuospatial abilities and some forms of executive functioning, consistent with biological models of OCD.

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