scholarly journals Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Sirota ◽  
Jelena Klawitter ◽  
Charles L. Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
New Biomarkers

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in both the inpatient and outpatient setting and often results from drug toxicities. Traditional methods of identifying AKI, through measurement of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, are problematic in that they are slow to detect decreases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and are influenced by a variety of factors that are not related to GFR changes. The problems inherent in a creatinine-based diagnosis of AKI have impeded the development of proper therapeutics in AKI and posed problems in evaluating nephrotoxicity of drugs and other chemical exposures. In recent years, a number of new biomarkers of AKI with more favorable test characteristics than creatinine have been identified and studied in a variety of experimental and clinical settings. This review will consider the most well-established biomarkers and appraise the literature, with particular attention given to the use of biomarkers in identifying toxin-mediated AKI.

scholarly journals Influence of Preoperative Serum Creatinine Level and Intraoperative Volume of Contrast Medium on the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: a retrospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Miura ◽  
Yasutaka Yamada ◽  
Shinichiro Kusaba ◽  
Eijiro Nogami ◽  
Junji Yunoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Valve Implantation

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine if contrast medium volume (CMV) is a risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) via a transfemoral approach performed without major complications. All TAVI procedures performed at our institution between March 2014 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. AKI was diagnosed using the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification based on the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 definition. Procedures performed via a transapical approach and those in which circulatory dynamics failed intraoperatively were excluded. Results: Eighty-one (96.4%) of 100 patients scheduled for TAVI were enrolled; seven (8.6%) developed AKI and 74 (91.4%) did not. The serum creatinine (SCr) level was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower in the AKI group (p<0.05). The CMV was significantly higher in the AKI group (103ml vs 84ml, p<0.05), as was the CMV × SCr/BW value (3.34 vs 1.49, p<0.01). The area under the curve for CMV × SCr/BW was 0.9228 and the cutoff value was 2.99. The CMV, SCr, and estimated glomerular filtration rate affect the likelihood of AKI after transfemoral TAVI and a CMV × SCr/BW value > 2.99 accurately predicts AKI.

Definitions, Classification, and Screening of Acute Kidney Injury

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Creatinine Concentration

Acute kidney injury (AKI; previously acute renal failure) is defined as an acute and sustained deterioration in kidney function. As AKI is a descriptive term, an attempt should be made to establish a diagnosis in patients with AKI. There are numerous causes of AKI, and all or part of the kidney may be affected. This review discusses the definitions of AKI, measurement of renal function, incidence of AKI, baseline serum creatinine, grading and severity of AKI, and screening for AKI. Figures show renal reserve and renal tubule. Tables list consensus definitions of AKI, effect of patient demographics on serum creatinine concentration, endogenous compounds that can interfere with colorimetric modified Jaffe-based reactions for determining serum creatinine concentration, risk factors for developing AKI in adult patients proposed by the Renal Angina Index, and risk factors for developing acute contrast-induced kidney injury in adult patients. Key Words: Acute kidney injury; Acute renal failure; Glomerular filtration rate; Serum creatinine; Kidney function; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Biomarkers of AKI

scholarly journals Influence of Preoperative Serum Creatinine Level and Intraoperative Volume of Contrast Medium on the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: a retrospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Miura ◽  
Yasutaka Yamada ◽  
Shinichiro Kusaba ◽  
Eijiro Nogami ◽  
Junji Yunoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Valve Implantation

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine if contrast medium volume (CMV) is a risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) via a transfemoral approach performed without major complications. All TAVI procedures performed at our institution between March 2014 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. AKI was diagnosed using the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification based on the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 definition. Procedures performed via a transapical approach and those in which circulatory dynamics failed intraoperatively were excluded. Results: Eighty-one (96.4%) of 100 patients scheduled for TAVI were enrolled; seven (8.6%) developed AKI and 74 (91.4%) did not. The serum creatinine (SCr) level was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower in the AKI group (p<0.05). The CMV was significantly higher in the AKI group (103ml vs 84ml, p<0.05), as was the CMV × SCr/BW value (3.34 vs 1.49, p<0.01). The area under the curve for CMV × SCr/BW was 0.9228 and the cutoff value was 2.99. The CMV, SCr, and estimated glomerular filtration rate affect the likelihood of AKI after transfemoral TAVI and a CMV × SCr/BW value > 2.99 accurately predicts AKI.

scholarly journals New Biomarkers for the Quick Detection of Acute Kidney Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmuttalip Simsek ◽  
Volkan Tugcu ◽  
Ali Ihsan Tasci
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Urine And Serum

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and strong problem in the diagnosis of which based on measurement of BUN and serum creatinine. These traditional methods are not sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of AKI. AKI is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients and a quick detection is impossible with BUN and serum creatinine. A number of serum and urinary proteins have been identified that may messenger AKI prior to a rise in BUN and serum creatinine. New biomarkers of AKI, including NGAL, KIM-1, cystatin-C, IL-18, and L-FABP, are more favourable tests than creatinine which have been identified and studied in several experimental and clinical training. This paper will discuss some of these new biomarkers and their potential as useful signs of AKI. We searched the literature using PubMed and MEDLINE with acute kidney injury, urine, and serum new biomarkers and the articles were selected only from publication types in English.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injuries in Children with Severe Malaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e312-317
Author(s):  
Folake M. Afolayan ◽  
Olanrewaju T. Adedoyin ◽  
Mohammed B. Abdulkadir ◽  
Olayinka R. Ibrahim ◽  
Sikiru A. Biliaminu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Serum Cystatin

Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe reaction. Renal function assessed using cystatin C-derived estimated GFR (eGFR) was compared to that measured using three sets of criteria based on creatinine values including the Kidney Disease: Improved Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as well as an absolute creatinine cut-off value of >1.5 mg/dL. Results: Mean serum cystatin C and creatinine levels were 1.77 ± 1.37 mg/L and 1.23 ± 1.80 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria, the frequency of AKI was 32.4%, 7.6% and 16.5%, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of AKI based on cystatin C-derived eGFR was 51.8%. Overall, the rate of detection of AKI was significantly higher using cystatin C compared to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria (P = 0.003, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Diagnostic criteria for AKI based on creatinine values may not indicate the actual burden of disease in children with severe malaria. Keywords: Biomarkers; Acute Kidney Injury; Renal Failure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Cystatin C; Creatinine; Malaria; Nigeria.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF RENOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ERYTROPOETIN DERIVATIVES ON THE KIDNEY ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Elagin ◽  
D. A. Kostina ◽  
O. I. Bratchikov ◽  
M. V. Pokrovsky ◽  
T. G. Pokrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Fractional Sodium Excretion ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Microcirculatory Disorders

Aim.The research was designed to study the renoprotective properties of erythropoietin derivatives on the kidney ischemiareperfusion experimental model.Materials and methods.The renoprotective properties of asialo erythropoietin (0.4 μg/kg and 2.4 μg/kg 30 minutes before the induction of ischemia) and carbamylated darbepoetin (50 μg/kg 24 hours before the ischemic stimulus) were studied in comparison with erythropoietin and darbepoetin in a series of experiments on male Wistar rats on a 40-minute bilateral model of renal ischemia-reperfusion. The renoprotective properties were evaluated by the results of biochemical markers of acute kidney injury, the dynamics of glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion, as well as the severity of microcirculatory disorders.Results.It was found that the prophylactic use of asialo erythropoietin (dose-dependent) and carbamylated darbepoetin leads to a decrease in the serum concentration of markers of acute renal damage, an increase in the glomerular filtration rate, a decrease in fractional sodium excretion, and a decrease in microcirculatory disorders.Conclusion.Asialo erythropoietin and carbamylated darbepoetin have the pronounced renoprotective properties and are the promising agents for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.

The Renal System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme E. Locke ◽  
John T Killian Jr
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Donor Nephrectomy ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Ureteral Injuries ◽  
Renal System

This updated review on the renal system provides a concise overview of the topics most important to the general surgeon. Anatomic topics have been expanded to also include variant anatomy and surgical approaches. There is a new focus on the accuracy and utility of equations for estimating the glomerular filtration rate, as well as supplementation and pharmacology for the general surgeon with discussions of vitamin D and erythropoietin. Acute kidney injury is defined; its pathophysiology is discussed; and its management is outlined, highlighting evidence-based practice. Finally, urologic surgery is addressed with a focus on donor nephrectomy and its consequences, as well as the management of iatrogenic ureteral injuries. Key words: acute kidney injury; contrast nephropathy; erythropoiesis-stimulating agents; estimated glomerular filtration rate; iatrogenic ureteral injury; laparoscopic donor nephrectomy; renal surgical anatomy; vitamin D supplementation

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