scholarly journals Higher-Order Amplitude Squeezing in Six-Wave Mixing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Rani ◽  
Jawahar Lal ◽  
Nafa Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Mode ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Field Amplitude ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

We investigate theoretically the generation of squeezed states in spontaneous and stimulated six-wave mixing process quantum mechanically. It has been found that squeezing occurs in field amplitude, amplitude-squared, amplitude-cubed, and fourth power of field amplitude of fundamental mode in the process. It is found to be dependent on coupling parameter “g” (characteristics of higher-order susceptibility tensor) and phase values of the field amplitude under short-time approximation. Six-wave mixing is a process which involves absorption of three pump photons and emission of two probe photons of the same frequency and a signal photon of different frequency. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated interaction than the corresponding squeezing in spontaneous process. The degree of squeezing depends upon the photon number in first and higher orders of field amplitude. We study the statistical behaviour of quantum field in the fundamental mode and found it to be sub-Poissonian in nature. The signal-to-noise ratio has been studied in different orders. It is found that signal-to-noise ratio is higher in lower orders. This study when supplemented with experimental observations offers possibility of improving performance of many optical devices and optical communication networks.

SQUEEZING AND PHOTON STATISTICS IN FIVE-WAVE MIXING PROCESS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 2681-2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNIL RANI ◽  
JAWAHAR LAL ◽  
NAFA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Mode ◽  
Coupling Parameter ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Field Amplitude ◽  
Photon Statistics ◽  
Squeezed States ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Signal Photon

We investigate theoretically the generation of squeezed states in spontaneous and stimulated five-wave mixing process. It has been found that squeezing occurs in field amplitude, amplitude-squared, amplitude-cubed and fourth-order amplitude states of the fundamental mode in the process. It is found to be dependent on coupling parameter g and phase values of the field amplitude of the fundamental mode. The process involves the absorption of two pump photons each having frequency ω1, emission of two probe photons of same frequency ω2 and a signal photon of frequency ω3. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated interaction than the corresponding squeezing in the spontaneous process. It is found that the degree of squeezing depends on the photon number in the first and higher orders. We study the statistical behaviour of quantum field in the fundamental mode. It has been found that the field shows sub-Poissonian behavior in this mode.

A Bispectral Analysis of the Radio Emissions of Pulsar J0437-4715

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050018
Author(s):  
Alexander Faustmann ◽  
Jacki Gilmore ◽  
Vereese van Tonder ◽  
Maciej Serylak
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Alternative Detection ◽  
Higher Order Spectra

A combination of the very low signal-to-noise ratio and the very large parameter space spanned by pulsar emissions makes pulsar detection a challenging task. Currently, brute force parameter searches are often used for pulsar detection and a cyclostationary Gaussian model is assumed for pulsar emissions. Higher-Order spectra offer high signal-to-noise ratio domains in problems where the desired signal is polluted by Gaussian noise. The presence of nonzero higher-order spectral components in pulsar bursts may offer alternative detection methods. This work presents a review of higher-order statistics and offers a motivation for their use in the characterization of pulsar bursts. A dish from the MeerKAT telescope was used to acquire recorded radio bursts from pulsar J0437-4715. These bursts were found to contain nonzero bispectral components that were dispersed in the same way as the components of the power spectrum.

Optical signal-to-noise ratio monitoring based on four-wave mixing

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 056109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengchi Chen ◽  
Juanjuan Yang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shanhong You
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

scholarly journals Prediction of signal‐to‐noise ratio gain for passive higher‐order correlation detection of energy transients

1995 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Pflug ◽  
George E. Ioup ◽  
Juliette W. Ioup ◽  
Robert L. Field
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

Determination of the Best Emulsion for the Microscopy of Crystals

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
David A. Grano ◽  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Noise Ratio

The retrieval of high-resolution information from images of biological crystals depends, in part, on the use of the correct photographic emulsion. We have been investigating the information transfer properties of twelve emulsions with a view toward 1) characterizing the emulsions by a few, measurable quantities, and 2) identifying the “best” emulsion of those we have studied for use in any given experimental situation. Because our interests lie in the examination of crystalline specimens, we've chosen to evaluate an emulsion's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a function of spatial frequency and use this as our critereon for determining the best emulsion.The signal-to-noise ratio in frequency space depends on several factors. First, the signal depends on the speed of the emulsion and its modulation transfer function (MTF). By procedures outlined in, MTF's have been found for all the emulsions tested and can be fit by an analytic expression 1/(1+(S/S0)2). Figure 1 shows the experimental data and fitted curve for an emulsion with a better than average MTF. A single parameter, the spatial frequency at which the transfer falls to 50% (S0), characterizes this curve.

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