International Journal of Optics
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354
(FIVE YEARS 132)

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14
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Published By Hindawi Limited

1687-9392, 1687-9384

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Dongqiao Bai ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Shouzhi Li

The objective of this study is to propose a solution for process plant upgradation becoming extinct due to obsoleteness of spares. The study will help in reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) based upgradation of control system of process plants in developing countries. Available options for plant upgradation are compact control, modular, and semiautomatic. RAM based upgradation provides solution which is high in reliability and availability (usually all parts are replaced with upgraded and compatible technology) and is easy to maintain throughout the service life of process plant. Case study for stacker and reclaimer of cement plant upgradation is considered to both implement and evaluate the idea. Upgradation methodology is finalized by expert’s feedback regarding selection of hardware with respect to availability, market survey to validate the opinion, and economical availability viability of selected hardware. Pre- and postupgradation scenarios are analyzed to validate the implementation of study and conclude the expected outcomes. The process plant upgradation yielded a cost-effective solution to the problem with automation increasing by 17%, plant maintainability increasing by 80%, and downtime of plant decreasing by 17%. Among all available options, modular design Op1 is considered the best choice that can satisfy RAM criteria.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fuping Wu ◽  
Yuanfei Hui ◽  
Zhiwei Cui ◽  
Ju Wang

In this work, we analytically and numerically investigate the reflection characteristics of the airy beams impinging on graphene-substrate surfaces. The explicit analytical expressions for the electric and magnetic field components of the airy beams reflected from a graphene-substrate interface are derived. The local-field amplitude, Poynting vector, and spin and orbital angular momentum of the reflected airy beams with different graphene structure and beam parameters are presented and discussed. The results show that the reflection properties of the airy beams can be flexibly tuned by modulating the Fermi energy of the graphene and have a strong dependence on the incident angle and polarization state. These results may have potential applications in the modulation of airy beams and precise measurement of graphene structure parameters.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bingjun Shi ◽  
Yuan Fu ◽  
Yan Yang

X-ray holography is widely used in material, biology, and industry fields due to its potential to measure the microstructure and dynamic change of objects. In this review, the principle of X-ray holography and the development of this technology in different application fields are systematically summarized and discussed. Through analyzing the advancement of X-ray sources and recording medium, the research and development direction of X-ray holography are prospected and the overview on current strategies of novel X-ray holography is presented. It is proved that X-ray holography, as a powerful nondestructive measurement method, can be applied to a wide range of objects.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abdu A. Alkelly ◽  
Labiba F. Hassan

The propagation of a partially Lorentz–Gauss beam in a uniform-intensity diffractive axicon is studied according to the Huygens–Fresnel principle, the Hermite–Gaussian expansion of a Lorentz function, and using the stationary phase method. We have derived the intensity equation of a partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss beams propagating through uniform-intensity diffractive axicon, and we proved mathematically that it is the superposition of Bessel beams of various orders after emerging from axicon, using Hermite’s function series and the Bessel function integral formulas. The results show that the intensity distribution of the diffracted beam is the intensity pattern evolved from a Lorentz–Gauss shaped spot into a Gaussian-shaped spot at any position on the focal length of the axicon, and the intensity distribution of a partially Lorentz–Gauss beam generated by an axicon becomes uniform by increasing the beam width and more uniform and constant with the larger coherence width.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ruo-Peng Zheng ◽  
Shu-Bin Liu ◽  
Lei Li

Due to the limitation of numerical aperture (NA) in a microscope, it is very difficult to obtain a clear image of the specimen with a large depth of field (DOF). We propose a deep learning network model to simultaneously improve the imaging resolution and DOF of optical microscopes. The proposed M-Deblurgan consists of three parts: (i) a deblurring module equipped with an encoder-decoder network for feature extraction, (ii) an optimal approximation module to reduce the error propagation between the two tasks, and (iii) an SR module to super-resolve the image from the output of the optimal approximation module. The experimental results show that the proposed network model reaches the optimal result. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the method can reach 37.5326, and the structural similarity (SSIM) can reach 0.9551 in the experimental dataset. The method can also be used in other potential applications, such as microscopes, mobile cameras, and telescopes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chaoyong Shen ◽  
Zongjian Lin ◽  
Shaoqi Zhou ◽  
Xuling Luo ◽  
Yu Zhang

Multisource remote sensing data have been extensively used in disaster and emergency response management. Different types of visual and measured data, such as high-resolution orthoimages, real-time videos, accurate digital elevation models, and three-dimensional landscape maps, can enable producing effective rescue plans and aid the efficient dispatching of rescuers after disasters. Generally, such data are acquired using unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with multiple sensors. For typical application scenarios, efficient and real-time access to data is more important in emergency response cases than in traditional application scenarios. In this study, an efficient emergency response airborne mapping system equipped with multiple sensors was designed. The system comprises groups of wide-angle cameras, a high-definition video camera, an infrared video camera, a LiDAR system, and a global navigation satellite system/inertial measurement unit. The wide-angle cameras had a visual field of 85° × 105°, facilitating the efficient operation of the mapping system. Numerous calibrations were performed on the constructed mapping system. In particular, initial calibration and self-calibration were performed to determine the relative pose between different wide-angle cameras to fuse all the acquired images. The mapping system was then tested in an area with altitudes of 1000 m–1250 m. The biases of the wide-angle cameras were small bias values (0.090 m, −0.018 m, and −0.046 m in the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively). Moreover, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) along the planer direction was smaller than that along the vertical direction (0.202 and 0.294 m, respectively). The LiDAR system achieved smaller biases (0.117, −0.020, and −0.039 m in the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively) and a smaller RMSE in the vertical direction (0.192 m) than the wide-angle cameras; however, RMSE of the LiDAR system along the planar direction (0.276 m) was slightly larger. The proposed system shows potential for use in emergency response systems for efficiently acquiring data such as images and point clouds.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Jian’an He ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Xiaocong Wu ◽  
Dayong Gu ◽  
...  

Variations of a Kretschmann-structure-based Ag-indium tin oxide- (ITO-) Au surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor were explored to improve its sensitivity. The sensor structure was optimised, and its characteristics were studied through numerical simulations. The chip structure that comprised 20 nm Ag/30 nm ITO/10 nm Au yielded the best sensing performance, wherein the angular sensitivity could reach 197.6° RIU−1 and the figure of merit was 43.4 RIU−1. These performance parameters are nearly three times higher than those of Ag/Au bimetallic resonance sensors. Furthermore, an adhesive Cr layer and two-dimensional graphene were incorporated into this sensor structure to explore their impact on the performance. The results demonstrated that the Cr layer significantly weakened the sensor performance, whereas graphene did not produce the expected enhancement effect on this structure. If simply adding a layer to a Au/Ag sensor can produce a three-fold improvement in its performance, then its economic and scientific benefits are potentially significant and widespread.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hong-Ran Zeng ◽  
Wu-Xiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  

In naked-eye LED 3D display, vernier fringe is apparent for a conventional parallax barrier. This paper presents an intended misplaced parallax barrier with discrepant width of Light Translucent Slits (LTSs) to weaken vernier fringe. Because of the wild Black Matrix (BM) of LED display, which causes apparent vernier fringe, we enlarge the width of the LTS and move the slits properly in their periods. This structure increases the periodic difference between the parallax barrier and pixel of the LED display, which can increase the brightness of the diazone of vernier fringe and make it to appear more sparsely. In this way, vernier fringe produced by those two periods is weakened at the condition that no obvious crosstalk of stereoimages is increased. The performances of simulation and experimental display prototype show that the diazone of vernier fringe is faded and obviously sparser in the naked-eye LED 3D display. As a result, vernier fringe of this display is significantly decreased and not visible for viewing.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rami A. Wahsheh

Hybrid integration of dielectric and plasmonic waveguides is necessary to reduce the propagation losses due to the metallic interactions and support of nanofabrication of plasmonic devices that deal with large data transfer. In this paper, we propose a direct yet efficient, very short air-slot coupler (ASC) of a length of 36 nm to increase the coupling efficiency between a silicon waveguide and a silver-air-silver plasmonic waveguide. Our numerical simulation results show that having the ASC at the interface makes the fabrication process much easier and ensures that light couples from a dielectric waveguide into and out of a plasmonic waveguide. The proposed coupler works over a broad frequency range achieving a coupling efficiency of 86% from a dielectric waveguide into a metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) plasmonic waveguide and 68% from a dielectric waveguide to an MDM plasmonic waveguide and back into another dielectric waveguide. In addition, we show that even if there are no high-precision fabrication techniques, light couples from a conventional dielectric waveguide (CDW) into an MDM plasmonic waveguide as long as there is an overlap between the CDW and ASC, which reduces the fabrication process tremendously. Our proposed coupler has an impact on the miniaturization of ultracompact nanoplasmonic devices.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Boka Fikadu ◽  
Bulcha Bekele ◽  
Leta Tesfaye Jule ◽  
Anatol Degefa ◽  
N. Nagaprasad ◽  
...  

In this work, image quality and optical coherence tomography were studied. The results of the study show that there is a very significant difference between ultrasound and optical coherence tomography to produce an image with a different wave. To understand this, we studied the basic principle of optical coherence tomography in the Michelson interferometer using monochromatic and broadband sources. Time-domain and spectral-domain measurements, which exist at the detector level, are briefly described using a glass sample. The time-domain signal strength of the Michelson interferometer using a broadband source is a Gaussian envelope.


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