scholarly journals Dynamics of Foraging and Recruitment Behavior in the Asian Subterranean TermiteCoptotermes gestroi(Rhinotermitidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Arab ◽  
Yara carollo Blanco ◽  
Ana Maria Costa-Leonardo
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Chemical Signals ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Trail Following ◽  
Trail Pheromones ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Recruitment Behavior ◽  
Coptotermes Gestroi

The present study investigated the trail-following behavior of the subterranean termiteCoptotermes gestroi(Wasmann Rhinotermitidae) under laboratory conditions. The results showed that workers were the first to initiate the exploration to the food source. When food was discovered they returned to the nest laying a trail for recruiting nestmates to the food source. In this situation, workers always traveled significantly faster when returning from the arenas. Both workers and soldiers were recruited to the food source; however, the soldier/worker proportion was higher during the first phase of the recruitment. When no food was available, the number of recruited nestmates and the speed on their way back to the nest were significantly lower. The results also showed that scout foragers always laid trail pheromones when entering into unknown territories, and that chemical signals found in the food could induce workers ofC. gestroito increase their travel speed.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THREE SPECIES OF ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE): II. TRAIL FORMATION AND GROUP FORAGING

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ayre
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Group Foraging ◽  
Trail Pheromones ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Trail Formation ◽  
Group Travel

AbstractMethods of trail formation and organization of group foraging by the ants Formica obscuriventris Mayr, Myrmica americana Weber, and Crematogaster lineolata (Say) were studied under laboratory conditions. Each species was able to organize group travel to a persistent food source. M. americana and C. lineolata achieved this by using trail pheromones, the former species using these pheromones only to establish the trail and the latter using them in all stages of foraging. F. obscuriventris apparently did not use trail pheromones and each individual learned the route to the food independently.

scholarly journals Ants Sense, and Follow, Trail Pheromones of Ant Community Members

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime M. Chalissery ◽  
Asim Renyard ◽  
Regine Gries ◽  
Danielle Hoefele ◽  
Santosh Kumar Alamsetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trail Pheromone ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Trail Following ◽  
Harvester Ants ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Trail Pheromones ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Carpenter Ants ◽  
Electroantennographic Detection

Ants deposit trail pheromones that guide nestmates to food sources. We tested the hypotheses that ant community members (Western carpenter ants, Camponotus modoc; black garden ants, Lasius niger; European fire ants, Myrmica rubra) (1) sense, and follow, each other’s trail pheromones, and (2) fail to recognize trail pheromones of allopatric ants (pavement ants, Tetramorium caespitum; desert harvester ants, Novomessor albisetosus; Argentine ants, Linepithema humilis). In gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection analyses of a six-species synthetic trail pheromone blend (6-TPB), La. niger, Ca. modoc, and M. rubra sensed the trail pheromones of all community members and unexpectedly that of T. caespitum. Except for La. niger, all species did not recognize the trail pheromones of N. albisetosus and Li. humilis. In bioassays, La. niger workers followed the 6-TPB trail for longer distances than their own trail pheromone, indicating an additive effect of con- and hetero-specific pheromones on trail-following. Moreover, Ca. modoc workers followed the 6-TPB and their own trail pheromones for similar distances, indicating no adverse effects of heterospecific pheromones on trail-following. Our data show that ant community members eavesdrop on each other’s trail pheromones, and that multiple pheromones can be combined in a lure that guides multiple species of pest ants to lethal food baits.

Facing death: How does the subterranean termite Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) deal with corpses?

Zoology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 125712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Helena Bueno da Silva ◽  
Ives Haifig ◽  
Ana Maria Costa-Leonardo
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Coptotermes Gestroi

Pheromones 98* Olfactory Electroantennogram Responses of the Formicine Ants Lasius niger and Formica Species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to 3,4-Dihydroisocoumarins

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Kern ◽  
Hans Jürgen Bestmann
Keyword(s):  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Trail Following ◽  
Trail Pheromones ◽  
Formica Rufa ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses

Electroantennogram (EAG) studies of the formicine genera Lasius and Formica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) were carried out with 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins, recently identified as trail pheromones within this ant subfamily. The here investigated formicine species Lasius niger, Formica rufa, F. fusca and F. sanguinea were all responsive towards stimuli of synthetic 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. Synthesized samples of natural 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins, found in the hindgut of these species evoke the highest electrophysiological responses while structure analogues were less efficient. Number and position of the methyl groups of test substances were important factors for structure activity in EAG. F. fusca and L. niger showed a stereoisomeric differentiation in EAG responses between (R)- and (S)-isomers of 8-hydroxy-3,5,7- trimethyldihydroisocoumarin, a component in the hindgut of both species. Higher electrophysiological activity for (R)-8-hydroxy-3,5,7-trimethyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin in comparison to the (S)-isomer agrees with better behavior responses of previous trail following tests in the case of Lasius niger.

scholarly journals Development of a Soybean Sowing Model Under Laboratory Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
Jan Turan ◽  
Vladimir Višacki ◽  
Patrik Burg ◽  
Pavol Findura ◽  
Aleksandar Sedlar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Yield Formation

Sowing is affected by numerous factors, and thus high‑quality sowing is a very important task for agricultural engineers and managers of profitable agricultural production. The primary purpose of sowing is placing seeds at proper depths and in‑row spacings in well‑prepared soil. Plant population particularly gives prominence to sowing as it directly affects the uniformity of plant growth and development. Soybean planting is especially dependent on the quality of planting for yield formation due to the significant vicinity of seeds. Provided all external factors of high‑quality sowing are met, i.e. sowing conditions, the quality of sowing depends upon the planting mechanism. The following features of the planting mechanism are the most important: RPM of the seed disc, the travel speed of a seeder, and the values of gauge and vacuum pressure. This paper presents the results of sowing three different fractions of soybean seeds under laboratory conditions. The quality measurement of sowing was performed at different values of vacuum pressure and RPM of the seed disc. On balance, an increase in vacuum pressure results in improved sowing quality due to a stronger adherence of seeds to the seed disc. Lower values of vacuum pressure do not exert significant effects on the quality of sowing, regardless of the seed fraction. However, higher RPM of the seed disc entail an increase in the coefficient of variation. On the basis of the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting changes in the coefficient of variation of sowing quality was developed using different operating parameters.

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