Fetuin-A Characteristics during and after Pregnancy: Result from a Case Control Pilot Study

Objective. Fetuin-A has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We investigated fetuin-A levels during and after pregnancy in women with GDM. Fetuin-A measurements were performed in 10 women with GDM and 10 age and body mass index (BMI) matched healthy pregnant women. All women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in and 3 months after gestation.Results. Fasting fetuin-A correlated with BMI in women with former GDM (r=0.90,P<0.0001) but showed no association with parameters of glucose tolerance in women with GDM or post-GDM. GDM featured significantly lower insulin sensitivity and higher insulin and C-peptide secretion profiles compared to NGT during pregnancy (P<0.05). Fasting and postprandial fetuin-A did not differ between groups, neither during nor after pregnancy.Conclusion. Fetuin-A is not influenced by glucose tolerance during or after pregnancy or acute glucose elevations following glucose ingestion in young women, but closely relates to BMI early postpartum.

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The Leu7Pro Polymorphism of PreproNPY Is Associated with Decreased Insulin Secretion, Delayed Ghrelin Suppression, and Increased Cardiovascular Responsiveness to Norepinephrine during Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2005-0153 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 3646-3652 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ulriikka Jaakkola ◽

Tom Kuusela ◽

Tuomas Jartti ◽

Ullamari Pesonen ◽

Markku Koulu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Secretion ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Hormone Secretion ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Ingestion

Context: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a role in angiogenesis, cardiovascular regulation, and hormone secretion. The leucine7 to proline7 (Leu7Pro) polymorphism of preproNPY is associated with vascular diseases and has an impact on hormone levels in healthy subjects. Objective: The current study investigated the role of the Leu7Pro polymorphism in metabolic and cardiovascular autonomic regulation. Design and Subjects: A 5-h oral glucose tolerance test was performed on 27 healthy volunteers representing two preproNPY genotypes (Leu7/Pro7 and Leu7/Leu7) matched for age, sex, body mass index and physical activity. Main Outcome Measures: Simultaneously we performed cardiovascular autonomic function tests and plasma measurements of sympathetic transmitters, glucose, insulin, and ghrelin. Results: The subjects with Leu7/Pro7 genotype had decreased plasma NPY, norepinephrine (NE), and insulin concentrations and insulin to glucose ratios. The suppression of ghrelin concentrations after glucose ingestion was delayed in these subjects. They also had increased heart rate variability indices and baroreflex sensitivity. However, they displayed significant negative association of NE concentration with variability of low-frequency R-R-intervals and with baroreflex sensitivity. Conclusions: The Leu7Pro polymorphism of preproNPY is related to decreased level of basal sympathetic activity, decreased insulin secretion, and delayed ghrelin suppression during oral glucose tolerance test. The increased responsiveness of autonomic functions to NE associated with the polymorphism may be connected to increased cardiovascular vulnerability.

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Changes of the plasma metabolome during an oral glucose tolerance test: is there more than glucose to look at?

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.90748.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (2) ◽

pp. E384-E393 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Xinjie Zhao ◽

Andreas Peter ◽

Jens Fritsche ◽

Michaela Elcnerova ◽

Andreas Fritsche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽

Metabolic Pattern ◽

Glucose Ingestion

The oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) is a common tool to provoke a metabolic challenge for scientific purposes, as well as for diagnostic reasons, to monitor the kinetics of glucose and insulin. Here, we aimed to follow the variety of physiological changes of the whole metabolic pattern in plasma during an oGTT in healthy subjects in a nontargeted reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometric metabolomics approach. We detected 11,500 metabolite ion masses/individual. Applying multivariate data analysis, four major groups of metabolites have been detected as the most discriminating oGTT biomarkers: free fatty acids (FFA), acylcarnitines, bile acids, and lysophosphatidylcholines. We found in detail 1) a strong decrease of all saturated and monounsaturated FFA studied during the oGTT; 2) a significant faster decline of palmitoleate (C16:1) and oleate (C18:1) FFA levels than their saturated counterparts; 3) a strong relative increase of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fatty acid pattern at 120 min; and 4) a clear decrease in plasma C10:0, C12:0, and C14:1 acylcarnitine levels. These data reflect the switch from β-oxidation to glycolysis and fat storage during the oGTT. Moreover, the bile acids glycocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, and glycodeoxycholic acid were highly discriminative, showing a biphasic kinetic with a maximum of a 4.5- to 6-fold increase at 30 min after glucose ingestion, a significant decrease over the next 60 min followed by an increase until the end of the oGTT. Lysophosphatidylcholines were also increased significantly. The findings of our metabolomics study reveal detailed insights in the complex physiological regulation of the metabolism during an oGTT offering novel perspectives of this widely used procedure.

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