scholarly journals Mechanisms of Innate Lymphoid Cell and Natural Killer T Cell Activation during Mucosal Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nau ◽  
Nora Altmayer ◽  
Jochen Mattner

Mucosal surfaces in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract are critical for the interactions of the host with its environment. Due to their abundance at mucosal tissue sites and their powerful immunomodulatory capacities, the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and natural killer T (NKT) cells in the maintenance of mucosal tolerance has recently moved into the focus of attention. While NKT cells as well as ILCs utilize distinct transcription factors for their development and lineage diversification, both cell populations can be further divided into three polarized subpopulations reflecting the distinction into Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in the adaptive immune system. While bystander activation through cytokines mediates the induction of ILC and NKT cell responses, NKT cells become activated also through the engagement of their canonical T cell receptors (TCRs) by (glyco)lipid antigens (cognate recognition) presented by the atypical MHC I like molecule CD1d on antigen presenting cells (APCs). As both innate lymphocyte populations influence inflammatory responses due to the explosive release of copious amounts of different cytokines, they might represent interesting targets for clinical intervention. Thus, we will provide an outlook on pathways that might be interesting to evaluate in this context.

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Chiba ◽  
Shinji Oki ◽  
Katsuichi Miyamoto ◽  
Hiroshi Hashimoto ◽  
Takashi Yamamura ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-764
Author(s):  
Ian N. Hines ◽  
Michael Kremer ◽  
Gakuhei Son ◽  
Richard J. Milton ◽  
Richard A. Rippe

Immunity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin S. Im ◽  
Pooja Arora ◽  
Gabriel Bricard ◽  
Alberto Molano ◽  
Manjunatha M. Venkataswamy ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 3943-3954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Freigang ◽  
Elise Landais ◽  
Victoria Zadorozhny ◽  
Lisa Kain ◽  
Kenji Yoshida ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1230-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Brigl ◽  
Lynn Bry ◽  
Sally C Kent ◽  
Jenny E Gumperz ◽  
Michael B Brenner

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Nozaki ◽  
Saki Itonori ◽  
Mutsumi Sugita ◽  
Kimihide Nakamura ◽  
Kiyoshi Ohba ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e995562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Gebremeskel ◽  
Daniel R. Clattenburg ◽  
Drew Slauenwhite ◽  
Lynnea Lobert ◽  
Brent Johnston

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document