scholarly journals Filters in 2D and 3D Cardiac SPECT Image Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lyra ◽  
Agapi Ploussi ◽  
Maritina Rouchota ◽  
Stella Synefia
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Cardiac Spect ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Spect Image ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Nuclear Cardiac Imaging ◽  
And Function ◽  
Spect Images

Nuclear cardiac imaging is a noninvasive, sensitive method providing information on cardiac structure and physiology. Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) evaluates myocardial perfusion, viability, and function and is widely used in clinical routine. The quality of the tomographic image is a key for accurate diagnosis. Image filtering, a mathematical processing, compensates for loss of detail in an image while reducing image noise, and it can improve the image resolution and limit the degradation of the image. SPECT images are then reconstructed, either by filter back projection (FBP) analytical technique or iteratively, by algebraic methods. The aim of this study is to review filters in cardiac 2D, 3D, and 4D SPECT applications and how these affect the image quality mirroring the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT images. Several filters, including the Hanning, Butterworth, and Parzen filters, were evaluated in combination with the two reconstruction methods as well as with a specified MatLab program. Results showed that for both 3D and 4D cardiac SPECT the Butterworth filter, for different critical frequencies and orders, produced the best results. Between the two reconstruction methods, the iterative one might be more appropriate for cardiac SPECT, since it improves lesion detectability due to the significant improvement of image contrast.

scholarly journals CT and SPECT image fusion using external fiducial markers for detection of the sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Kei Haramiishi ◽  
Shinya Nakamura ◽  
Tomoaki Tsuchiya ◽  
Atsushi Fukui ◽  
Midori Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Fiducial Markers ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Spect Image

Object: Hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography, which is recently developed, is useful for the sentinel node (SN) mapping in patients with breast cancer. However, this expensive new technology is only available at limited hospitals. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of software-based computed tomography (CT) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) image fusion using external fiducial markers for visualization of SNs in breast cancer.Methods: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy using 99mTc-phytate colloid was performed in 70 consecutive patients (mean age, 55.3 ± 11.8). Continually, SPECT and low-dose chest CT were performed using an 241Am-containing button as an external fiducial marker attached to the skin surface of the patient’s chest wall. The acquired SPECT and CT images were rescaled, interpolated, reformatted, and registered point-by-point on a workstation.Results: SPECT detected SN sites, including axillar (n = 96) and internal mammary lesions (n = 7). On fused images, precise overlap of hot spots shown at the corresponding lymph nodes on CT images was achieved in all but 2 cases. In cases with axillar lesions, rendering the fused images into 3D volumes with accentuation of the pectoralis minor muscle was helpful for diagnosis of SN locations in level II (n = 10). After surgery, all nodes were depicted as “hot nodes” on fused images, and 14 metastatic nodes were confirmed by histological examination.Conclusions: External fiducial-based coregistration of SPECT lymphoscintigraphic and CT images depicted the precise location of SN drainage and may provide useful information for preoperative planning, without the need for hybrid SPECT/CT.

Neuroimaging technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Mark Woolrich ◽  
Mark Jenkinson ◽  
Clare Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

The brain is a highly complex system that is inaccessible to biopsy, which puts human brain imaging at the heart of our attempts to understand psychiatric disorders. Imaging has the potential to uncover the pathophysiology, provide biomarkers for use in the development and monitoring of treatments, and stratify patients for studies and trials. This chapter introduces the three main brain imaging technologies that are used to assay brain structure and function: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), molecular imaging positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); electrophysiology [electroencephoaography (EEG)]; and magnetoencephalograpy (MEG). The chapter outlines the principles behind their use and the nature of the information that can be extracted. Together, these brain imaging methods can provide complementary windows into the living brain as an increasingly essential suite of tools for experimental medicine in psychiatry.

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