scholarly journals PRP and Articular Cartilage: A Clinical Update

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Marmotti ◽  
Roberto Rossi ◽  
Filippo Castoldi ◽  
Eliana Roveda ◽  
Gianni Michielon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Complex Scenario

The convincing background of the recent studies, investigating the different potentials of platelet-rich plasma, offers the clinician an appealing alternative for the treatment of cartilage lesions and osteoarthritis. Recent evidences in literature have shown that PRP may be helpful both as an adjuvant for surgical treatment of cartilage defects and as a therapeutic tool by intra-articular injection in patients affected by osteoarthritis. In this review, the authors introduce the trophic and anti-inflammatory properties of PRP and the different products of the available platelet concentrates. Then, in a complex scenario made of a great number of clinical variables, they resume the current literature on the PRP applications in cartilage surgery as well as the use of intra-articular PRP injections for the conservative treatment of cartilage degenerative lesions and osteoarthritis in humans, available as both case series and comparative studies. The result of this review confirms the fascinating biological role of PRP, although many aspects yet remain to be clarified and the use of PRP in a clinical setting has to be considered still exploratory.

p21−/− Mice Exhibit Spontaneous Articular Cartilage Regeneration Post-Injury

Cartilage ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 194760351987634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina L. Jablonski ◽  
Bryce A. Besler ◽  
Jahaan Ali ◽  
Roman J. Krawetz
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Cartilage Healing ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Objective Recent studies have implicated the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, in enhanced tissue regeneration observed in MRL/MpJ “super-healer” mice. Specifically, p21 is downregulated in MRL cells and similar ear hole closure to MRL mice has been observed in p21−/− mice. However, the direct implications of p21 deletion in endogenous articular cartilage regeneration remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of p21 deletion in the ability of mice to heal full-thickness cartilage defects (FTCDs). Design C57BL/6 and p21−/− ( Cdkn1atm1Tyj) mice were subjected to FTCD and assessment of cartilage healing was performed at 1 hour, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks post-FTCD using a 14-point histological scoring system. X-ray microscopy was used to quantify cartilage healing parameters (e.g., cartilage thickness, surface area/volume) between C57BL/6 and p21−/− mice. Results Absence of p21 resulted in increased spontaneous articular cartilage regeneration by 3 days post-FTCD. Furthermore, p21−/− mice presented with increased cartilage thickness at 1 and 2 weeks post-FTCD compared with uninjured controls, returning to baseline by 4 weeks post-FTCD. Conclusions We report that p21−/− mice display enhanced articular cartilage regeneration post-FTCD compared with C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, cartilage thickness was increased in p21−/− mice at 1 week post-FTCD compared with uninjured p21−/− mice and C57BL/6 mice.

Study on Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Materials for Improving the Performance of Artificial Articular Cartilage

2013 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Jiang Yuan ◽  
Zhou Jian Wei ◽  
Xia Zhen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has compatibility and biomechanical properties of human articular cartilage similar and good biological. The implantation in the human body can replace part of articular cartilage, which plays the role of bearing and alleviate the impact force. It has the prospect of clinical application. This paper introduces the research progress of polyvinyl alcohol hydro-gel materials. And compared with the characteristics of articular cartilage, clarify the possibility of repair of articular cartilage defects of the materials.

scholarly journals Treatment of Unicompartmental Cartilage Defects of the Knee with Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty, Patellofemoral Partial Knee Arthroplasty or Focal Resurfacing

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Bernhard Springer ◽  
Friedrich Boettner
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Chondral Defects ◽  
Focal Resurfacing ◽  
Partial Knee Replacement

Focal chondral defects are common lesions of the articular cartilage. They are predominantly found on the medial femoral condyle and often progress to osteoarthritis of the knee. Various conservative treatment options are available. The conservative treatment might reduce pain and delay the progress of degenerative processes. However, restoration of the articular cartilage cannot be accomplished. If the conservative treatment fails unicompartmental arthroplasty, patellofemoral joint replacement or focal resurfacing are reasonable options to postpone total knee arthroplasty. A careful patient selection before surgery is crucial for all three treatment options. The following overview reports indications and outcomes of medial partial knee replacement, patellofemoral partial knee replacement, and focal resurfacing treatment options for focal chondral defects.

scholarly journals Who Needs Surgical Stabilization for Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis? Retrospective Analysis of Non-Surgically Treated Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822110394
Author(s):  
Ronen Blecher ◽  
Sven Frieler ◽  
Bilal Qutteineh ◽  
Clifford A. Pierre ◽  
Emre Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Vertebral Osteomyelitis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Radiographic Outcome ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Posterior Element ◽  
Non Surgical Treatment

Study Design: Retrospective case series analysis. Objective: To identify relevant clinical and radiographic markers for patients presenting with infectious spondylo-discitis associated with spinal instability directly related to the infectious process. Methods: We evaluated patients presenting with de-novo intervertebral discitis or vertebral osteomyelitis /discitis (VOD) who initiated non-surgical treatment. Patients who failed conservative treatment and required stabilization surgery within 90 days were defined as “ failed treatment group” (FTG). Patients who experienced an uneventful course served as controls and were labeled as “ nonsurgical group” (NSG). A wide array of baseline clinical and radiographic parameters was retrieved and compared between 2 groups. Results: Overall 35 patients had initiated non-surgical treatment for VOD. 25 patients had an uneventful course (NSG), while 10 patients failed conservative treatment (“FTG”) within 90 days. Factors found to be associated with poorer outcome were intra-venous drug abuse (IVDA) as well as the presence of fever upon initial presentation. Radiographically, involvement of the same-level facets and the extent of caudal and rostral VB involvement in both MRI and CT were found to be significantly associated with poorer clinical and radiographic outcome. Conclusions: We show that clinical factors such as IVDA status and fever as well as the extent of osseous and posterior element involvement may prove to be helpful in favoring surgical treatment early on in the management of spinal infections.

scholarly journals Articular cartilage tissue engineering with stem cells implanted onto nanoscaffolds and platelet-rich plasma

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Hadeer A. Abbassy ◽  
Laila M. Montaser ◽  
Sherin M. Fawzy
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Great Promise

<p class="abstract">Musculoskeletal medicine targets both cartilage regeneration and healing of soft tissues. Articular cartilage repair and regeneration is primarily considered to be due to its poor regenerative properties. Cartilage defects due to joint injury, aging, or osteoarthritis have low self-repair ability thus they are most often irreversible as well as being a major cause of joint pain and chronic disability. Unfortunately, current methods do not seamlessly restore hyaline cartilage and may lead to the formation of fibro- or continue hypertrophic cartilage. Deficiency of efficient modalities of therapy has invited research to combine stem cells, scaffold materials and environmental factors through tissue engineering. Articular cartilage tissue engineering aims to repair, regenerate, and hence improve the function of injured or diseased cartilage. This holds great potential and has evoked intense interest in improving cartilage therapy. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and/or stem cells may be influential for tissue repair as well as cartilage regenerative processes.  A great promise to advance current cartilage therapies toward achieving a consistently successful modality has been held for addressing cartilage afflictions. The use of stem cells, novel biologically inspired scaffolds and, emerging nanotechnology may be the best way to reach this objective via tissue engineering. A current and emergent approach in the field of cartilage tissue engineering is explained in this review for specific application. In the future, the development of new strategies using stem cells seeded in scaffolds and the culture medium supplemented with growth factors could improve the quality of the newly formed cartilage<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma application in treatment of traumatic articular cartilage defects

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Mastykau ◽  
◽  
V.P. Deykalo ◽  
I.V. Samsonova ◽  
K.B. Balaboshka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis vs Microfracture with PRP for Chondral Lesions of the Knee in a Rabbit Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pal Fodor ◽  
Raluca Fodor ◽  
Arpad Solyom ◽  
Cornel Catoi ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Complete Filling ◽  
Articular Cartilage Damage

Currently, microfracturing is the most commonly used cartilage repair procedure in cartilage defects. Our aim was to study the mechanism of in vivo cartilage repair in case of full-thickness articular cartilage damage of the knee using a three-dimensional matrix implanted without any preseeded cells in the defect. We also investigated whether platelet-rich plasma application after microfracture procedure of the knee is associated with improved outcome compared with traditional microfracture treatment alone in a rabbit model. Histological examination of the chondral defects, revealed the largest amount of new tissue with hyaline-like cartilage features in Hyalofast group. At 12 weeks from implantation of the Hyalofast scaffold demonstrated complete filling of the defect with hyaline cartilage in admixture with the scaffold and bone metaplasia in the deepest areas. In the PRP group, complete filling of the defect with an admixture of fibrous and hyaline-like cartilage tissue appeared with a discreet tendency of endochondral ossification. We confirmed the superiority of the autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis compared to microfracture and PRP or microfracture alone in case of full-thickness articular cartilage damage of the knee.

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