scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Chemical Constituents Isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi on Polyol Pathway and Simultaneous Quantification of Major Bioactive Compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Kyoung Lee ◽  
Eun Young Hong ◽  
Wan Kyunn Whang
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acids ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Artemisia Iwayomogi

Blocking the polyol pathway plays an important role preventing diabetic complications. Therefore, aldose reductase (AR) and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation has significant effect on diabetic complications. Artemisia iwayomogi has long been used as treatment of various diseases in Korea. However, no literatures have reported on AR and AGEs formation inhibitory activities of A. iwayomogi. For these reasons, we aimed to assess that A. iwayomogi had potential as anti-diabetic complications agents. We led to isolation of two coumarins (1 and 2), nine flavonoids (3–11), five caffeoylquinic acids (12–16), three diterpene glycosides (17–19), and one phenolic compound (20) from A. iwayomogi. Among them, hispidulin (4), 6-methoxytricin (6), arteanoflavone (7), quercetin-3-gentiobioside (10), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (13), and suavioside A (18) were first reported on the isolation from A. iwayomogi. Not only two coumarins (1 and 2), nine flavonoids (3–11), and five caffeoylquinic acids (12–16) but also extracts showed significant inhibitor on AR and AGEs formation activities. We analyzed contents of major bioactive compounds in Korea’s various regions of A. iwayomogi. Overall, we selected Yangyang, Gangwon-do, from June, which contained the highest amounts of bioactive compounds, as suitable areas for cultivating A. iwayomogi as preventive or therapeutic agent in the treatment of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Anacardium occidentale as Inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi Sirtuins

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanira Matutino Bastos ◽  
Helena Mannochio Russo ◽  
Nilmar Silvio Moretti ◽  
Sergio Schenkman ◽  
Laurence Marcourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Low Toxicity

Benznidazole and nifurtimox, the only drugs available for the treatment of Chagas disease, have limited efficacy and have been associated with severe adverse side effects. Thus, there is an urgent need to find new biotargets for the identification of novel bioactive compounds against the parasite and with low toxicity. Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) enzymes, or sirtuins, have emerged as attractive targets for the development of novel antitrypanosomatid agents. In the present work, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of natural compounds isolated from cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale, L. Anacardiaceae) against the target enzymes TcSir2rp1 and TcSir2rp3 as well as the parasite. Two derivates of cardol (1, 2), cardanol (3, 4), and anacardic acid (5, 6) were investigated. The two anacardic acids (5, 6) inhibited both TcSir2rp1 and TcSir2rp3, while the cardol compound (2) inhibited only TcSir2rp1. The most potent sirtuin inhibitor active against the parasite was the cardol compound (2), with an EC50 value of 12.25 µM, similar to that of benznidazole. Additionally, compounds (1, 4), which were inactive against the sirtuin targets, presented anti-T. cruzi effects. In conclusion, our results showed the potential of Anacardium occidentale compounds for the development of potential sirtuin inhibitors and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents.

Inhibitory effect of mung bean extract and its constituents vitexin and isovitexin on the formation of advanced glycation endproducts

2008 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Peng ◽  
Zongping Zheng ◽  
Ka-Wing Cheng ◽  
Fang Shan ◽  
Gui-Xing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation Endproducts

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of the Compounds Isolated from Rhus verniciflua on Aldose Reductase and Advanced Glycation Endproducts

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1626-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ha Lee ◽  
Dae-Geun Song ◽  
Joo Young Lee ◽  
Cheol-Ho Pan ◽  
Byung Hun Um ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Rhus Verniciflua

scholarly journals A karbonilstressz szerepe a diabetes szövődményeinek kialakulásában

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (40) ◽  
pp. 1567-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Makk-Merczel ◽  
András Szarka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Carbonyl Stress ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Oxidative Generation

Abstract: The relationship between the potentially developing complications of the 451 million people affected by diabetes and hyperglycaemia can be based on the enhanced generation of advanced glycation endproducts and the more intensive oxidative and carbonyl stress. Advanced glycation endproducts generated partly due to carbonyl stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as elevated arterial thickness, vascular permeability, enhanced angiogenesis or the more rigid vessels induced nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy. Furthermore, the elevated thrombocyte aggregation, the reduced fibrinolysis induced elevated coagulation, and the atherosclerosis or the mitochondrial dysfunction are important as well. The most potent target of both the non-oxidative and oxidative generation of advanced glycation endproducts can be the scavenging of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Although, aminoguanidine, the prototype of scavenger molecules, showed protection in different animal models, it failed in the human clinical studies. Finally, the clinical studies were terminated almost 20 years ago. The endogen dipeptide L-carnosine was also expected to mitigate the complications due to carbonyl stress. However, its clinical significance was limited by the serum carnosinases and by the consequent low serum stability and bioavailability. The carnosinase resistance of the molecule can be achieved by the change of the carboxyl group of the molecule to hydroxyl group. At the same time, the biosafety and the carbonyl stress scavenging activity of the molecule could be preserved. Although clinical studies could not be performed in the last six months, on the basis of the in vitro and in vivo results, carnosinole seems to be a promising compound to mitigate and prevent the diabetic complications. Thus it is worth to the attention of the clinicians. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(40): 1567–1573.

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