scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Cirrhosis: A Review of Its Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
Yu-Tao Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Common ◽  
End Stage

Cirrhosis is the common end stage of a number of chronic liver conditions and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. With the growing epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and will become one of the leading causes of cirrhosis. Increased awareness and understanding of NAFLD cirrhosis are essential. To date, there has been no published systematic review on NAFLD cirrhosis. Thus, this article reviews recent studies on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of NAFLD cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Special Focus on Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwakar Suresh ◽  
Akshatha N. Srinivas ◽  
Divya P. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer with mortality running parallel to its incidence and has limited therapeutic options. Chronic liver inflammation and injury contribute significantly to the development and progression of HCC. Several factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, and demographic regions increase the HCC incidence rates and the major risk factors are chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), carcinogens (food contaminants, tobacco smoking, and environmental toxins), and inherited diseases. In recent years evidence highlights the association of metabolic syndrome (diabetes and obesity), excessive alcohol consumption (alcoholic fatty liver disease), and high-calorie intake (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) to be the prime causes for HCC in countries with a westernized sedentary lifestyle. HCC predominantly occurs in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (80%), however, 20% of the cases have been known in patients with non-cirrhotic liver. It is widely believed that there exist possible interactions between different etiological agents leading to the involvement of diverse mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HCC. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of HCC development and progression is imperative in developing effective targeted therapies to combat this deadly disease. Noteworthy, a detailed understanding of the risk factors is also critical to improve the screening, early detection, prevention, and management of HCC. Thus, this review recapitulates the etiology of HCC focusing especially on the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)- and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD)-associated HCC.

The characteristics and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease without cirrhosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Tobari ◽  
Etsuko Hashimoto ◽  
Makiko Taniai ◽  
Kazuhisa Kodama ◽  
Tomomi Kogiso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A New Frontier for Hepatology in Bangladesh and a Call for Action to Combat

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
M Motahar Hossain ◽  
Golam Azam ◽  
Golam Mustafa ◽  
Mahbubul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the condition where fat accumulates in liver without significant ingestion of alcohol. NAFLD has become one of the most common liver conditions throughout the world. At the dawn of the history of NAFLD it was thought that NAFLD is disease of obese individual but lean patients are increasingly detected to have NAFLD. It seems that insulin resistance is central to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In addition, oxidative stress and cytokines are important contributing factors, resulting in steatosis and progressive liver damage in genetically susceptible individuals. NAFLD varies considerably by ethnic group and Bangladeshi ethnicity is an independent risk factor for NAFLD. Prevalence of NAFLD in general population of Bangladesh is 4 - 18.4 %, which jumps up to 49.8% in diabetic patients. With the changes in socioeconomic condition and life style, aetiology of chronic liver disease is drifting from infectious to noninfectious diseases and the contribution of NAFLD is progressively increasing. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C have been the leading causes of mortality and morbidity from chronic liver disease in Bangladesh. But with increase in awareness and mass vaccination against HBV, prevalence of both the diseases has been decreasing in the country. The most alarming feature is that there is a high prevalence of NASH among the NAFLD patients. NAFLD is emerging as the largest contributor of chronic liver disease in Bangladesh. This warrants the attention of health policy makers and clinicians to explore this frontier and combat it from right now.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(4): 184-191

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