Response Bandwidth Design of Fabry-Perot Sensors for Partial Discharge Detection Based on Frequency Analysis

The insulation of power equipment can be effectively assessed by analyzing the acoustic signals originated from partial discharges (PD). Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors are capable of detecting PD acoustic signals. Although the frequency bandwidth of an F-P sensor is mainly referred to conventional piezoelectric transducer (PZT) sensor, it is still doubtful to identify a suitable bandwidth for fiber sensors in detection of PD signals. To achieve a suitable bandwidth for an F-P sensor, the frequency distribution of PD acoustic emission is investigated, and an extrinsic F-P sensor is designed to detect acoustic signals generated from PD. F-P sensors with different intrinsic frequencies are fabricated as possible design standards of bandwidth for acoustic detection. PD acoustic signals are detected by these F-P sensors and PZT sensors in the experimental system, in which four typical electrode models are employed. The measured results of frequency performance are analyzed in linear and semilogarithmic coordinates. The results show that F-P sensors can effectively detect PD acoustic emissions in both wideband and narrowband modes. Moreover, F-P sensors achieve a higher sensitivity in the narrowband mode. We propose that intrinsic frequency of the F-P sensor should be designed in the frequency range of 100–170 kHz to obtain maximum sensitivity.