The Celiac Disease Patients’ Ability to Experience Pleasure

The motivation or ability to experience pleasure has been scarcely studied in celiac disease (CeD). We aimed to investigate the hedonistic feelings/anhedonia and sexual pleasure in CeD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) compared to controls. We recruited adult CeD patients at follow-up consecutively visited from April 2017 to April 2018 and controls from the hospital staff and friends of CeD patients. Participants completed the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale, measuring the levels of anhedonia, and answered three questions about physical contact, sexual activity, and modification of their life on a GFD. We included 178 CeD patients and 173 healthy controls. Seventeen patients (9.5%) and fourteen controls (8.1%) had anhedonia. We did not find any correlation between the presence of anhedonia and the length in years of GFD neither with the dietary compliance and age at the test. 10.7% patients and 8.7% controls reported of not having pleasure in physical contact and 5.06% CeD and 3.5% controls in feeling attraction for another person; 36.56% said a worsening of their life on a GFD. Our results show that CeD patients on a GFD are similar to controls in anhedonia and sexual problems, despite one-third reported a worsening of their life.

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Microbiota and Metabolomic Patterns in the Breast Milk of Subjects with Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072243 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2243

Author(s):

Katherine L. Olshan ◽

Ali R. Zomorrodi ◽

Meritxell Pujolassos ◽

Jacopo Troisi ◽

Nayeim Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Shotgun Metagenomics ◽

Functional Pathways

The intestinal microbiome may trigger celiac disease (CD) in individuals with a genetic disposition when exposed to dietary gluten. Research demonstrates that nutrition during infancy is crucial to the intestinal microbiome engraftment. Very few studies to date have focused on the breast milk composition of subjects with a history of CD on a gluten-free diet. Here, we utilize a multi-omics approach with shotgun metagenomics to analyze the breast milk microbiome integrated with metabolome profiling of 36 subjects, 20 with CD on a gluten-free diet and 16 healthy controls. These analyses identified significant differences in bacterial and viral species/strains and functional pathways but no difference in metabolite abundance. Specifically, three bacterial strains with increased abundance were identified in subjects with CD on a gluten-free diet of which one (Rothia mucilaginosa) has been previously linked to autoimmune conditions. We also identified five pathways with increased abundance in subjects with CD on a gluten-free diet. We additionally found four bacterial and two viral species/strains with increased abundance in healthy controls. Overall, the differences observed in bacterial and viral species/strains and in functional pathways observed in our analysis may influence microbiome engraftment in neonates, which may impact their future clinical outcomes.

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Rationale for Timing of Follow-Up Visits to Assess Gluten-Free Diet in Celiac Disease Patients Based on Data Mining

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020357 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 357

Author(s):

Alfonso Rodríguez-Herrera ◽

Joaquín Reyes-Andrade ◽

Cristina Rubio-Escudero

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Adherence To Diet ◽

And Gender ◽

Few Data

The assessment of compliance of gluten-free diet (GFD) is a keystone in the supervision of celiac disease (CD) patients. Few data are available documenting evidence-based follow-up frequency for CD patients. In this work we aim at creating a criterion for timing of clinical follow-up for CD patients using data mining. We have applied data mining to a dataset with 188 CD patients on GFD (75% of them are children below 14 years old), evaluating the presence of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in stools as an adherence to diet marker. The variables considered are gender, age, years following GFD and adherence to the GFD by fecal GIP. The results identify patients on GFD for more than two years (41.5% of the patients) as more prone to poor compliance and so needing more frequent follow-up than patients with less than 2 years on GFD. This is against the usual clinical practice of following less patients on long term GFD, as they are supposed to perform better. Our results support different timing follow-up frequency taking into consideration the number of years on GFD, age and gender. Patients on long term GFD should have a more frequent monitoring as they show a higher level of gluten exposure. A gender perspective should also be considered as non-compliance is partially linked to gender in our results: Males tend to get more gluten exposure, at least in the cultural context where our study was carried out. Children tend to perform better than teenagers or adults.

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Descriptive Study of the Different Tools Used to Evaluate the Adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet in Celiac Disease Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10111777 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1777 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luis Rodrigo ◽

Isabel Pérez-Martinez ◽

Eugenia Lauret-Braña ◽

Adolfo Suárez-González

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Duodenal Mucosa ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Autoimmune Process ◽

Duodenal Biopsies

Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically conditioned autoimmune process that appears in susceptible people. It can affect people of any age, and slightly predominates in females. It has a fairly homogenous global distribution, with an average prevalence of 1–2%, the frequency having increased in recent decades. The only effective treatment is a strict and permanent gluten-free diet (GFD), although the level of compliance is poor, at about 50% of cases. To monitor the effectiveness of the GFD, several procedures involving various approaches are employed: (a) Periodic visits by expert Nutritionists; (b) Clinical follow-up; (c) Serological time controls of specific antibodies; (d) Serial endoscopies with collection of duodenal biopsies; (e) Use of structured questionnaires; and (f) Determination of gluten peptides derived from gluten in faeces and/or urine. All of these procedures are useful when applied, alone or in combination, depending on the cases. Some patients will only need to consult to their doctors, while others will require a multidisciplinary approach to assess their compliance with the GFD. In children, normalization of duodenal mucosa was achieved in 95% of cases within two years, while it is more delayed in adults, whose mucosa take longer time (3–5 years) to heal completely.

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Compliance with gluten-free diet in adolescents with screening-detected celiac disease: A 5-year follow-up study

The Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1067/mpd.2000.105351 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 136 (6) ◽

pp. 0841-0843 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Elisabetta Fabiani ◽

Luciana Maria Taccari ◽

Ilse-Maria R[auml ]tsch ◽

Silvia Di Giuseppe ◽

Giovanni Valentino Coppa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Follow Up Study

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A23 NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES ARE FREQUENT IN CELIAC PATIENTS ON A GLUTEN-FREE DIET, REGARDLESS OF THE DURATION AND COMPLIANCE OF THE DIET

Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1093/jcag/gwz047.022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 27-28

Author(s):

A Jivraj ◽

V Connan ◽

T Balart ◽

E Ching ◽

A Marwaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Nutritional Deficiencies ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Dietary Compliance ◽

Persistent Symptoms ◽

Funding Agencies ◽

Adherence Test

Abstract Background The only available treatment for celiac disease (CD) is adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). CD is associated with several nutritional deficiencies, which could be explained by malabsorption when the disease is active. However, the magnitude of nutritional deficiencies in treated CD and how this is influenced by the duration and compliance of GFD is less clear. Aims We aim to evaluate the presence of nutritional deficiencies in celiac patients on short term (≤2yrs) vs long-term (>2yrs) GFD, and in those with persistent symptoms or asymptomatic in the follow up. Methods We included consecutive biopsy-proven CD patients attending the McMaster Adult Celiac Clinic. GFD adherence was assessed by validated Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT) and by anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody IgA(tTG IgA) levels. Serology, vitamins and minerals were measured in blood samples collected at enrolment. Continuous data was expressed as Median (IQR) and categorical data as proportion%. Mann-U-Whitney and Chi2 were used to compare difference between groups. Results We enrolled 171 CD patients (80% female; Median age 43 years). 76/171 (44%) of CD patients were following a GFD for over 2 years. Eighty-two percent of the patients (141/171) had persistent symptoms in the follow up and 80.7% had normal tTG IgA levels. The most common nutritional abnormalities were deficiencies in zinc (56%), iron (23%), copper (20%). Chromium was increased in 74% of patients. There were no differences in nutritional deficiencies between group of patients with short and long-term duration of GFD, nor between those strictly compliant with GFD compared to those fairly compliant (p>0.05). Conclusions Nutritional deficiencies are frequent in celiac patients on a GFD regardless of the presence of symptoms, dietary compliance or duration. The previous suggest that nutrients deficiencies may be more related to GFD nutritional inadequacy rather than malabsorption. Funding Agencies None

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Assessment of dietary compliance to Gluten Free Diet and psychosocial problems in Indian children with celiac disease

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s12098-010-0092-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 649-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

J. C. Chauhan ◽

Praveen Kumar ◽

A. K. Dutta ◽

Srikanta Basu ◽

Arun Kumar

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Psychosocial Problems ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Indian Children ◽

Dietary Compliance

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Celiac Disease and the Gluten-Free Diet: Consequences and Recommendations for Improvement

Digestive Diseases ◽

10.1159/000369504 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 175-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Thimmaiah G. Theethira ◽

Melinda Dennis

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Critical Role ◽

Nutrition Therapy ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Nutritional Deficiencies ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Macro And Micronutrients ◽

Medical Nutrition

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy precipitated by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. CD-related enteropathy leads to multiple nutritional deficiencies involving macro- and micronutrients. Currently, medical nutrition therapy consisting of the gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only accepted treatment for CD. Key Messages: The GFD is the cornerstone of treatment for CD. Prior published studies have concluded that maintenance of the GFD results in improvement of the majority of nutritional deficiencies. In the past, counseling for CD focused mainly on the elimination of gluten in the diet. However, the GFD is not without its inadequacies; compliance to the GFD may result in certain deficiencies such as fiber, B vitamins, iron, and trace minerals. Paucity of fortified gluten-free foods may be responsible for certain deficiencies which develop on the GFD. Weight gain and obesity have been added to the list of nutritional consequences while on the GFD and have been partially attributed to hypercaloric content of commercially available gluten-free foods. Follow-up of patients diagnosed with CD after starting the GFD has been reported to be irregular and, hence, less than ideal. Conclusions: Monitoring of the nutritional status using blood tests and use of appropriate gluten-free supplementation are integral components in the management of CD. The ideal GFD should be nutrient-dense with naturally gluten-free foods, balanced with macro- and micronutrients, reasonably priced, and easily accessible. Rotation of the pseudo-cereals provides a good source of complex carbohydrates, protein, fiber, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. Fortification/enrichment of commonly consumed gluten-free commercial grain products should be encouraged. Dietitians specializing in CD play a critical role in the education and maintenance of the GFD for patients with CD.

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P.10.14 ADHERENCE TO THE GLUTEN-FREE DIET IN CELIAC DISEASE: A 30-YEAR FOLLOW UP STUDY

Digestive and Liver Disease ◽

10.1016/s1590-8658(18)30649-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. e233-e234

Author(s):

S. Orlando ◽

F. Branchi ◽

F. Ferretti ◽

M. Bravo ◽

L. Norsa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Follow Up Study

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Evaluation of Efficacy and Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet in Patients with Celiac Disease

10.20944/preprints201810.0324.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Rodrigo ◽

Isabel Perez-Martinez ◽

Eugenia Lauret-Braña ◽

Adolfo Suarez-Gonzalez

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Duodenal Mucosa ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Autoimmune Process ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Duodenal Biopsies

Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically conditioned autoimmune process that appears in susceptible people. It can affect people of any age, and slightly predominates in females. It has a fairly homogenous global distribution, with an average prevalence of 1-2%, the frequency having increased in recent decades. The only effective treatment is a strict and permanent gluten-free diet (GFD), although the level of compliance with it is poor, at about 50% of cases. To monitor the effectiveness of the GFD, several procedures involving various approaches are employed: a) periodic interviews by nutritionists; b) clinical follow-up; c) serological controls of specific antibodies; d) endoscopies with collection of duodenal biopsies; e) structured questionnaires; f) determination of gluten peptides derived from gluten in feces and/or urine. All of these procedures are useful when applied, alone or in combination, depending on the cases. Some patients will only need to consult to their doctors, while others will require a multidisciplinary approach to assess their compliance with the GFD. In children, normalization of duodenal mucosa was achieved in 95% of cases within 2 years, while it is more delayed in adults, whose mucosa take longer to heal completely.

Download Full-text