scholarly journals Acupuncture Point “Hegu” (LI4) Is Close to the Vascular Branch from the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanae Umemoto ◽  
Munekazu Naito ◽  
Kaori Tano ◽  
Hayato Terayama ◽  
Taro Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Circulatory Failure ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Superficial Branch ◽  
Dorsal Metacarpal Artery ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Arterial Constriction

The acupuncture point “Hegu” (LI4) has been used for treating peripheral circulatory failure, which is located in the area covered by the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN). SBRN has branches reaching arteries, so-called vascular branches (VBs), which are thought to be involved in the arterial constriction. The distribution areas of the VBs from the SBRN have been reported, but the positional relationship between these distribution areas and the acupuncture points are not known. To examine the positional relationship between LI4 and VBs from the SBRN, forty hands were examined to assess the positional relationship between the acupuncture points “Erjian” (LI2), “Sanjian” (LI3), LI4, and “Yangxi” (LI5) in the Yangming Large Intestine Meridian of Hand, which are located in the area covered by SBRN, and the VBs from the SBRN. After the VBs were identified, the distances from the acupuncture points (LI2, LI3, LI4, and LI5) to the point where the VBs reached the radial artery or the first dorsal metacarpal artery were measured. VBs reaching the radial arteries were observed in all specimens. The mean distances from LI2, LI3, LI4, and LI5 to the point where the VBs reached the radial artery were 64.2 ± 8.2 mm, 42.0 ± 7.5 mm, 4.3 ± 4.3 mm, and 33.0 ± 4.8 mm, respectively. LI4 was significantly closer than the other acupuncture points (P<0.01). The nerve fibers of the VBs adjacent to the radial artery were confirmed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Our findings provide anatomical evidence that stimulation at LI4 is used for treating peripheral circulatory failure such as Raynaud’s disease. LI4 is significant because it is located at a source point, making it clinically important.

scholarly journals Anatomoclinical and surgical correlation of the radial artery with the surface branch of the radial nerve

2020 ◽  
pp. 35937-35941
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Superficial Branch ◽  
Anatomy Laboratory

The present study aimed to correlate the clinical and surgical anatomy of the radial artery with the superficial branch of the radial nerve, looking for injuries to this nerve in the literature through surgery of the mentioned vessel. Thus, the present study consisted of observational and descriptive research. Eleven upper limbs and a digital caliper were used to measure the distance between the radial artery and the superficial branch of the radial nerve (vasculonervous bundle). Dissections of the anterior, posterior, lateral and medial sides of the arm, forearm, and hand were performed. The 11 cadaverous pieces belong to the Human Anatomy Laboratory of Universidade Brasil. For the development of the study, cadaveric pieces were used as a reference to measure the distance between the radial artery and the superficial branch of the radial nerve and, thus, analyzing in the literature the findings for anatomical and surgical correlation of the vasculonervous bundle. It is concluded that the middle and distal third of the forearm and the wrist are frequent sites of surgical procedures, whether percutaneous or open, where injury to the superficial branch of the radial nerve can occur and, generally, with undesirable and even disastrous results, therefore, the surgeon must be extremely careful in surgical procedures in the studied region, mainly vascular and in those so called percutaneous that expose to SBRN injuries. More work is suggested related to vascular events associated with SBRN injuries. Therefore, one must be aware of the possibility of occurrence, especially when these situations occur anatomical variation or even the lack of anatomical knowledge, which can be a determining factor for nerve damage.

scholarly journals NEUROENDOCRINE AND MAST CELLS OF THE SKIN IN THE AREA OF ACUPUNCTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Guryanova ◽  
E S Deomidov
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Blue Dye

Objective. We studied mast cells and neuroendocrine cells of the skin of adults in the area of the acupuncture points (AP) and outside them. Material and methods. Using the Unna method (polychrome toluidine blue dye), mast cells were detected in the skin. Conducted immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin in order to identify neuroendocrine cells. Research results. Analyzed data on the distribution of mast cells in the skin in the area of the acupuncture points in an adult. It was revealed that the distribution of mast cells in the dermis and the hypodermis differs depending on the localization of the acupuncture point. Fat cells take in maintaining homeostasis and regulation of metabolism in the skin. NSE- and synaptophysin-positive cells were detected in the basal layer of the epidermis, in the area of the the muscles that raise the hair, in the area of the hair follicles; in the secretory terminal regions of the sweat glands, as well as outwards from the basement membrane of these regions between the myoepithelial cells. A part of the neuroendocrine cells is in contact with nerve waves. Expression of NSE and synaptophysin depends on AP localization. In AP of the skin of the abdomen and upper limb, a more pronounced expression of NSE and synaptophysin is observed than at the acupuncture points of the skin of the face. The expression of NSE in the structures of the skin in the area of the acupuncture points is more pronounced than the expression of synaptophysin. In the dermis revealed structureless spaces surrounded by mast cells, nerve fibers, blood vessels.

scholarly journals Comment on “Acupuncture Point “Hegu” (LI4) is Close to the Vascular Branch from the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kanae Umemoto ◽  
Munekazu Naito ◽  
Kaori Tano ◽  
Hayato Terayama ◽  
Taro Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Superficial Branch

scholarly journals An Anomalous Pattern of Superficial Branch of Radial Nerve: A Cadaveric Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Mohd Nor Nurul Huda ◽  
Aye Aye San ◽  
Othman Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Superficial Branch ◽  
Anomalous Pattern

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF RADIOFREQUENCY DESRTRUCTION ON THE NERVE TISSUE MORFOLOGY IN EXPERIMENT

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Sharamko ◽  
A. A. Kuleshov ◽  
A. M. Cherkashov ◽  
V. I. Kuz’min ◽  
M. E. Yudakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Morphologic Changes

Introduction. Clinical efficacy of radiofrequency destruction (RFD) for the treatment of vertebrogenic pain syndrome and pain in coxarthrosis is confirmed by multiple studies. However the matter on morphologic changes in the nerve and surrounding tissue after directed local radiofrequency effect. Materials and methods. The study was performed on autopsy material – fragments of tibial nerve from 6 patients with lethal outcomes. Radiofrequency destruction was performed according to a standard protocol: within 90 sec under 80 C°. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin by Bilshowski-Gros method. Results. It was shown that RFD causes the coagulation lesions of the nerve tissue such as spiral deformation, axon fragmentation and nerve fibers dissociation. Conclusion. The data obtained may serve as a morphologic basis of RDF clinical efficacy. The presence of undamaged Schwann cells allows assuming the tropism of the effect upon the nerve tissue.

Acupuncture Points of the Typical Spinal Nerves

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Dung
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal

Typical spinal nerves have six cutaneous branches which reach to the skin of the body wall in the thorax and abdomen. Each of these six cutaneous branches correlates to an acupuncture point. This communication describes acupuncture points found in the thoracic and abdominal walls using anatomic nomenclature relating to cutaneous branches of the spinal nerves.

Differential Innervation of Tissues Located at Traditional Acupuncture Points in the Rat Forehead and Face

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Jingjing Cui ◽  
Chen She ◽  
Dongsheng Xu ◽  
Zhiyun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Motor Nucleus ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Trigeminal Motor Nucleus ◽  
Facial Motor Nucleus ◽  
Neural Tracing

Objectives To compare the neural pathways associated with the tissues located at different traditional acupuncture points in the rat forehead and face using the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) neural tracing technique. Methods After injection of CTB into the tissues at GB14, ST2 and ST6 in the rat, the neural labelling associated with each acupuncture point was revealed by fluorescent immunohistochemistry of the nervous system, including the trigeminal ganglion (TRG), cervical dorsal root ganglia (DRG), spinal cord and brain. Results The CTB labelling included sensory neurons and their transganglionic axonal terminals, as well as motor neurons. The labelled sensory neurons associated with GB14, ST2 and ST6 were distributed in both the TRG and cervical DRG, and their centrally projected axons terminated in an orderly fashion at their corresponding targets in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and cervical spinal dorsal horn. In addition, labelled motor neurons were observed in the facial motor nucleus, trigeminal motor nucleus and cervical spinal ventral horn, in which facial motor neurons projected to the tissues located at all three acupuncture points. Trigeminal motor neurons innervated both ST2 and ST6, while spinal motor neurons only correlated with ST6. Conclusions These results indicate that the tissues located at each of these three traditional acupuncture points in the rat forehead and face has its own sensory and motor connection with the nervous system in a region-specific pattern through distinct neural pathways. Understanding the neuroanatomical characteristics of acupuncture points from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system should help inform acupuncture point selection according to the demands of the clinical situation.

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