Aplikasi Pembelajaran Anatomi Tubuh Manusia berbasis Android untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar

SDN Beji Timur 3 is an elementary school in the Depok area. The delivery of cognitive learning material in this school using conventional methods has an effect on the effectiveness of student learning at school. Learning activities have two important elements in the form of teaching methods and learning media and the two are interrelated. The process of selecting teaching methods is also adapted to the learning media. Several aspects need to be considered in relation to the objectives of learning activities, types of tasks. Another aspect is the response of students during learning activities including student characteristics. Learning media has the main function as a tool for educators to teach that is influenced by climate, conditions, and the environment. Efforts to improve effective learning methods to accelerate the learning process so that learning materials are delivered interestingly at the right time. This study answers this learning problem by creating an Android-based learning media application to explain material about the introduction of human anatomy.

Near-Peer Teaching in Human Anatomy from a Tutors’ Perspective: An Eighteen-Year-Old Experience at the University of Bologna

The University of Bologna School of Medicine in 2003 adopted a near-peer teaching (NPT) program with senior medical students teaching and assisting younger students in human anatomy laboratories. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of this program—unique on the Italian academic panorama—from the tutors’ perspective. An anonymous online survey was administered to all those who acted as peer tutors in the period from 2003 to 2021; it evaluated tutors’ perceptions regarding the influence of the tutoring experience on their skillset gains, academic performance, and professional career. Furthermore, tutors were asked to express their views on the value of cadaver dissection in medical education and professional development. The overall perception of the NPT program was overwhelmingly positive and the main reported benefits were improved long-term knowledge retention and academic performance, improved communication, team-working and time management skills, and enhanced self-confidence and motivation. Most tutors strongly believed that cadaver dissection was an invaluable learning tool in medical education, helped them to develop professionalism and human values, and positively influenced the caring of their future patients. Nearly all the participants highlighted the importance of voluntary body donation for medical education and research. The present results supported the thesis that tutors themselves benefited from the act of teaching peers; this impactful experience equipped them with a wide range of transferable skills that they could draw on as future educators and healthcare professionals.

From Tutoring Gross Anatomy to Pancreatic Surgery Innovation

The training for pancreatic surgery still is not conducted according to standardized protocols, and academic programs differ between countries and hospitals. Moreover, due to recent technological innovations such as minimally invasive and robotic surgery, and the broader indications for complex pancreatic procedures due to the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, training is continuously redefining itself. The historical paradigm of “see one, do one, teach one” has been challenged and might have become obsolete. Finally, the rising number of surgical residents along with the limited time required practicing during residency might represent a major limitation to becoming an independent surgeon. Gross anatomy is a solid practice for the active learning of human anatomy during medical school. With regards to the pancreas, it offers a unique opportunity to both actively study the pancreatic gland anatomy during dissection and simulate actual surgical procedures. A critical review of the literature was conducted, aiming to assess the role of gross anatomy in surgical training and possible future perspectives.

The Use of Drawing as Learning Activity in a Human Anatomy Course: Implications for Learning Scientific Foundation of Nursing

Human anatomy is perceived by health science students and educators to be a burdensome, challenging and labour-intense course. In order to enhance understanding of human anatomy, the use of student-centred approaches is encouraged, of which drawing is included. However, it is not explicitly known how nursing students in Kavango east region experience the use of drawing. This research was conducted to explore and describe the experiences of first-year nursing students from a resource-constraint setting on the use of drawing as a learning activity in a human anatomy course. A qualitative descriptive, explorative, and contextual study was conducted in Kavango east region, Namibia. Data were collected via focus-group interviews with 28 participants who were conveniently selected. A qualitative content analysis was followed, while trustworthiness was ensured according to the four principles of Lincoln and Guba. Ethical clearance and permission were granted by the School of Nursing Research Committee. The ethical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice were adhered to. The experienced beneficial aspects of drawing are enhancement of course understanding, boosting creativity, and integration of theory into practice. Challenging aspects were related to lacking artistical skills, time constraints, complex and complicated drawings as well as a shortage of materials and learning resources. In order to improve drawing as a learning activity in human anatomy, recommendations were made for nursing students, educators and future researchers.