scholarly journals Some Applications of Supra Preopen Sets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. El-Shafei ◽  
A. H. Zakari ◽  
T. M. Al-shami

The aim of this work is to define some concepts on supra topological spaces using supra preopen sets and investigate main properties. We started this paper by correcting some results obtained in previous study and presenting further properties of supra preopen sets. Then, we introduce a concept of supra prehomeomorphism maps and discuss its main properties. After that we explore the concepts of supra limit and supra boundary points of a set with respect to supra preopen sets and examine their behaviours on the spaces that possess the difference property. Finally, we formulate the concepts of supra pre-Ti-spaces i=0,1,2,3,4 and give completely descriptions for each one of them. In general, we study their main properties in detail and show the implications of these separation axioms among themselves as well as with STi-space with the help of some interesting examples.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tareq M. AL-shami ◽  
E. A. Abo-Tabl ◽  
Baravan Assad ◽  
Mohamed Arahet

Sometimes we need to minimize the conditions of topology for different reasons such as obtaining more convenient structures to describe some real-life problems, or constructing some counterexamples whom show the interrelations between certain topological concepts, or preserving some properties under fewer conditions of those on topology. To contribute this research area, in this paper, we establish some new concepts on supra topological spaces using supra semi-open sets and give some characterizations of them. First, we introduce a concept of supra semi limit points of a set and study main properties, in particular, on the spaces that possess the difference property. Second, we define and investigate new separation axioms, namely supra semi Ti-spaces (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) and give complete descriptions for each one of them. We provide some examples to show the relationships between them as well as with STi-space.


2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tareq M. Al-shami ◽  
Mohammed E. El-Shafei

AbstractIn 2011, Shabir and Naz [1] employed the notion of soft sets to introduce the concept of soft topologies; and in 2014, El-Sheikh and Abd El-Latif [2] relaxed the conditions of soft topologies to construct a wider and more general class, namely supra soft topologies. In this disquisition, we continue studying supra soft topologies by presenting two kinds of supra soft separation axioms, namely supra soft Ti-spaces and supra p-soft Ti-spaces for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. These two types are formulated with respect to the ordinary points; and the difference between them is attributed to the applied non belong relations in their definitions.We investigate the relationships between them and their parametric supra topologies; and we provide many examples to separately elucidate the relationships among spaces of each type. Then we elaborate that supra p-soft Ti-spaces are finer than supra soft Ti-spaces in the case of i = 0, 1, 4; and we demonstrate that supra soft T3-spaces are finer than supra p-soft T3-spaces.We point out that supra p-soft Ti-axioms imply supra p-soft Ti−1, however, this characterization does not hold for supra soft Ti-axioms (see, Remark (3.30)). Also, we give a complete description of the concepts of supra p-soft Ti-spaces (i = 1, 2) and supra p-soft regular spaces. Moreover,we define the finite product of supra soft spaces and manifest that the finite product of supra soft Ti (supra p-soft Ti) is supra soft Ti (supra p-soft Ti) for i = 0, 1, 2, 3. After investigating some properties of these axioms in relation with some of the supra soft topological notions such as supra soft subspaces and enriched supra soft topologies, we explore the images of these axioms under soft S*-continuous mappings. Ultimately, we provide an illustrative diagram to show the interrelations between the initiated supra soft spaces.


Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Fahad Alsharari

This paper aims to mark out new concepts of r-single valued neutrosophic sets, called r-single valued neutrosophic £-closed and £-open sets. The definition of £-single valued neutrosophic irresolute mapping is provided and its characteristic properties are discussed. Moreover, the concepts of £-single valued neutrosophic extremally disconnected and £-single valued neutrosophic normal spaces are established. As a result, a useful implication diagram between the r-single valued neutrosophic ideal open sets is obtained. Finally, some kinds of separation axioms, namely r-single valued neutrosophic ideal-Ri (r-SVNIRi, for short), where i={0,1,2,3}, and r-single valued neutrosophic ideal-Tj (r-SVNITj, for short), where j={1,2,212,3,4}, are introduced. Some of their characterizations, fundamental properties, and the relations between these notions have been studied.


2002 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kubiak ◽  
Iraide Mardones-Pérez

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
Rekha Srivastava

In this paper we have studied separation axiomsTi,i=0,1,2in an intuitionistic fuzzy topological space introduced by Coker. We also show the existence of functorsℬ:IF-Top→BF-Topand𝒟:BF-Top→IF-Topand observe that𝒟is left adjoint toℬ.


Author(s):  
Hind Fadhil Abbas

The fusion of technology and science is a very complex and scientific phenomenon that still carries mysteries that need to be understood. To unravel these phenomena, mathematical models are beneficial to treat different systems with unpredictable system elements. Here, the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy ideal is studied with topological space. These concepts are useful to analyze new generalized intuitionistic models. The basic structure is studied here with various relations between the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy ideals and the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy topologies. This study includes intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces (IFS); the fundamental definitions of intuitionistic fuzzy Hausdorff space; intuitionistic fuzzy regular space; intuitionistic fuzzy normal space; intuitionistic fuzzy continuity; operations on IFS, the compactness and separation axioms.


A few decades ago, topologists had already emphasized the difference between homotopy and isotopy. However, recent developments in algebraic topology are almost exclusively on the side of homotopy. Since a complete system of homotopy invariants has been obtained by Postnikov, it seems that hereafter we should pay more attention to isotopy invariants and new efforts should be made to attack the classical problems. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study new algebraic isotopy invariants of spaces. A general method of constructing these invariants is given by means of a class of functors called isotopy functors. Special isotopy functors are constructed in this paper, namely, the m th residual functor R m and the m th. enveloping functor E m . Applications of these isotopy invariants to linear graphs are given in the last two sections. It turns out that these invariants can distinguish various spaces belonging to the same homotopy type.


2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
ARIF MEHMOOD KHATTAK ◽  
◽  
FAHAD JAMAL ◽  
ISHFAQ AHMED ◽  
◽  
...  

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